在信息爆炸的时代，掌握认知力成为提升关键能力的必由之路。本文将探讨如何通过关键能力引领成功，揭示通往卓越的路径。

In the era of information explosion, mastering cognitive ability has become the essential path to enhancing key competencies. This article will explore how to lead to success through key competencies and reveal the path to excellence.

1. 斯腾伯格为成功智力者画了一幅肖像画，认为成功智力者具备以下二十个特征．

1. Sternberg painted a portrait of successful intelligent individuals, believing that they possess the following twenty characteristics.

2. 不要对任何人有太高的期待，人际关系的本质，不过就是需要而已。

2. Don't have too high expectations of anyone. The essence of human relationships is simply a matter of need.

3. 上天不会把所有的美好集中在一个人的身上，给了他财富，就不会给予权利，给了他权利，就不会给予健康，给了他健康，就不会给予和睦的家庭，总之不会让他一切都如愿以偿。

3. The heavens will not concentrate all the good in one person. If they bestow wealth upon him, they will not bestow rights; if they grant him rights, they will not bestow health; if they give him health, they will not grant him a harmonious family. In short, they will not let him have everything he desires.

4. 1905年比奈与T·西蒙编成了《比奈-西蒙量表》，标志着智力测验的开始。比较常见的智力测试有两种，至今仍然在广泛应用： 斯坦福-比奈测验和韦克斯勒测验 。测试的项目很多，如常识、理解、算术、类同、记忆、字词、图像、积木、排列、拼图、符号等。所测的内容是与学业有关的智力。测验的内容很符合学校的学习材料，其对成年人在日常生活中遇到的情境和问题并不关注。描绘的是智力的静态画面。

4. In 1905, Binet and T. Simon compiled the "Binet-Simon Scale," marking the beginning of intelligence testing. Two types of intelligence tests are commonly used and are still widely applied today: the Stanford-Binet Test and the Wechsler Test. The tests include a variety of items such as common knowledge, comprehension, arithmetic, similarity, memory, vocabulary, images, blocks, arrangement, puzzles, and symbols, etc. The content measured is related to academic intelligence. The content of the tests is well-aligned with school learning materials, and it does not focus on the situations and problems adults encounter in daily life. It depicts a static picture of intelligence.

5. “分析性智力”对新颖思想进行分析、判断和验证等，区分价值度；而“实践性智力”可以对新想法进行有效的实施。没有分析性智力，创造者无法理清创造性思想的涵义并对其加以检验；没有创造性智力，则产生不了创造性的思想和行为方法；没有实践性智力，则难以将新颖的想法付诸实践并取得行为的成功。这样， 创造性智力在分析性智力、实践性智力之间建立起了互为联系的桥梁。 要使个体富于创造，就必须使其智力的各个方面达到平衡。

5. "Analytical intelligence" is capable of analyzing, judging, and verifying novel ideas, distinguishing their value; while "practical intelligence" can effectively implement new ideas. Without analytical intelligence, creators cannot clarify the meaning of creative thoughts and test them; without creative intelligence, neither creative thoughts nor creative methods of action can be generated; without practical intelligence, it is difficult to put novel ideas into practice and achieve success in behavior. Thus, creative intelligence establishes a bridge of interconnection between analytical intelligence and practical intelligence. To make an individual creative, it is necessary to balance all aspects of their intelligence.

6. 未来的世界是一个不确定性的世界，是一个复杂的世界，生物进化是一个永恒的主题，人类也不例外，如何在进化面前不被淘汰，唯一的出路就是提升智力，通过树立远大的目标，学习跨学科知识，建立自己群峰式知识结构，运用模型思维，才能让自己进化的更快，才能适应不确定的未来。

6. The future world is a world of uncertainty and complexity. Biological evolution is an eternal theme, and humans are no exception. The only way to avoid being eliminated in the face of evolution is to enhance intelligence. By setting grandiose goals, learning interdisciplinary knowledge, establishing a peak-like knowledge structure, and applying model thinking, one can evolve faster and adapt to the uncertain future.

7. 在首次主题研讨会65年之后，该杂志社再次邀靖25位不同领域的专家发表关于智力本质的见解。专家们再次指出了从经验中学习和适应环境的主题。但是，当代的专家们更为看重元认知，自身思维过程（如问题解决、推理和决策制定等）的了解和控制。当代专家同时更重现文化的作用，他们指出， 在某一文化背景中被认为是聪明的东西在另一文化背景中却可能被视为愚蠢。

7. After 65 years since the first thematic symposium, the publishing house once again invited 25 experts from different fields to share their insights on the essence of intelligence. The experts once again highlighted the theme of learning from experience and adapting to the environment. However, contemporary experts place more emphasis on metacognition, understanding and controlling their own thought processes (such as problem-solving, reasoning, and decision-making, etc.). At the same time, contemporary experts also pay more attention to the role of culture. They point out that what is considered smart in one cultural context may be seen as foolish in another cultural context.

8. 第二点：适应周围环境的能力同样相当重要。适应环境意味聪明不仅仅是在学校考试得高分，还包括如何处理工作，如何与别人友好相处及如何安排日常生活和适应新环境。

8. The second point: The ability to adapt to the surrounding environment is also quite important. Adapting to the environment means being intelligent not only in scoring high marks in school exams, but also in how to handle work, how to get along well with others, and how to arrange daily life and adapt to new environments.

9. 第一点：智力是通过经验学习的能力；第二点：智力是适应周围环境的能力。

9. The first point: Intelligence is the ability to learn through experience; the second point: Intelligence is the ability to adapt to the surrounding environment.

10. 环境对人的影响无比之大，你和什么人在一起就会成为什么样的人。在一个“群体黑洞”的组织，可以把一个好人变成坏人，在一个“群体驱动”的组织里，可以把一个坏人变成一个好人。就像培养孩子的读书习惯，如果家长天天看手机和电视，孩子怎么能够养成读书的习惯呢？所以要向以色列家庭学习，家里可以没有电视，一定要建立一个家庭图书馆，营造学习的氛围，这样读书习惯就很容易养成。

10. The impact of the environment on humans is immense; the company you keep will shape who you become. In an organization that operates like a "group black hole," a good person can be turned into a bad one, and in an organization that is "group-driven," a bad person can be transformed into a good one. Just like cultivating a child's reading habit, if parents spend their days watching phones and TVs, how can a child develop a habit of reading? Therefore, we should learn from Israeli families. A home may not have a TV, but it is essential to establish a family library and create a learning atmosphere, making it easy for reading habits to be formed.

11. 一段值得深思的话：

11. A thought-provoking remark:

12. 而缄默知识是实践性智力的核心，缄默知识是通过大量的经验学到的，属于程序性知识，就像游泳一样，必须通过实践才能习得。

12. Tacit knowledge is the core of practical intelligence. Tacit knowledge is learned through a large amount of experience and belongs to procedural knowledge, just like swimming, which must be acquired through practice.

13. 为什么学校里面成绩差的学生却能够更好的适应这个社会？

13. Why can students with poor academic performance in school better adapt to society?

14. 流体智力：是指在信息加工和问题解决过程中所表现出来的能力。 如对关系的认识，类比、演绎推理能力，形成抽象概念的能力等。它较少地依赖于文化和知识的内容，而决定于个人的天赋。流体智力的发展与年龄有密切关系。一般人在20岁以后，流体智力的发展达到顶峰，30岁以后将随年龄的增长而降低。此外，心理学家们也发现，流体智力属于人类的基本能力，其个别差异受教育文化的影响较少。

14. Fluid Intelligence: Refers to the ability that is manifested in the process of information processing and problem-solving. This includes the ability to understand relationships, analogical reasoning, deductive reasoning, and the ability to form abstract concepts, etc. It is less dependent on cultural and knowledge content and is determined by individual talent. The development of fluid intelligence is closely related to age. Generally speaking, after the age of 20, the development of fluid intelligence reaches its peak, and after the age of 30, it will decrease with the increase of age. In addition, psychologists have also found that fluid intelligence is a basic human ability, and its individual differences are less influenced by education and culture.

15. 空间智力，包括导航、认识环境、辨别方向的能力，比如查阅地图和绘画等。

15. Spatial intelligence, which includes the ability to navigate, recognize environments, and distinguish directions, such as looking at maps and painting.

16. 自然智力，自然智能强的人，在打猎、耕作、生物科学上的表现较为突出。探索智能包括对于社会的探索和对于自然的探索两个方面。

16. People with natural intelligence and strong natural intelligence tend to excel in activities such as hunting, farming, and biological sciences. Exploratory intelligence includes two aspects: the exploration of society and the exploration of nature.

17. 一个人如果没有责任心，会难以承担自己应有的责任，无法向前发展。例如，公司员工如果缺乏责任心，那么公司的经营就不好；家庭成员如果缺乏责任心，那么家庭关系就容易破裂。无论在哪个方面，只要缺乏责任心，那么就会失去了保障自己和他人的能力。

17. If a person lacks responsibility, it will be difficult for them to assume their due responsibilities and they will be unable to progress. For example, if company employees lack responsibility, the company's operations will not be good; if family members lack responsibility, family relationships are prone to breakdown. In any aspect, if there is a lack of responsibility, one will lose the ability to protect oneself and others.

18. 刘震云的肺腑之言：“明明产能过剩，为什么还存在着广泛的贫穷。明明大家都没有钱，为什么还要鼓励超前消费。

18. Liu Zhenyun's heartfelt words: "Why does widespread poverty still exist despite excess production capacity? Why encourage excessive consumption when everyone is broke?

19. 第一个男孩问第二个男孩，你穿跑鞋干什么？你又跑不过灰熊。第二个男孩答道：“但我跑得过你。”

19. The first boy asked the second boy, "What are you wearing running shoes for? You can't run faster than a bear." The second boy replied, "But I can run faster than you."

20. 没有谁的人生是容易的，不要被别人光鲜亮丽的外表所迷惑。有的人开着宝马车招摇过市，可能背负着几百万的贷款。有的人牵着美貌的妻子炫人眼目，可能生活里都是一地鸡毛。有的人在主席台上指点江山，可能被更上级的领导欺负得不敢吭声。

20. No one's life is easy, don't be deceived by the shiny appearance of others. Some people drive a BMW and parade around, but may be burdened with several million in loans. Some people炫耀着美貌的妻子，可能生活中全是鸡毛蒜皮的小事。Some people pontificate from the podium, but may be bullied by higher-ranking leaders and dare not make a sound.

21. 运动智力，包括支配肢体完成精密作业的能力，比如打篮球、跳舞等。

21. Exercise intelligence, including the ability to control limbs to perform precise tasks, such as playing basketball, dancing, etc.

22. 成功智力的第三个障碍是 缺少榜样 。具有成功智力的人在其一生中常常有一个或几个对他极具影响力的人物，帮助他充分发挥潜力，或者在许多情况下，引导他从失败之路走向成功之路。具有成功智力的人主动地寻找行为榜样。能够学习榜样的优势，帮助自己取得成功。

22. The third obstacle to successful intelligence is the lack of role models. People with successful intelligence often have one or several individuals who have a profound influence on them throughout their lives, helping them to fully realize their potential, or in many cases, guiding them from the path of failure to the path of success. People with successful intelligence actively seek out role models. They learn from the strengths of the role models to help themselves achieve success.

23. 晶体智力：是指获得语言，数学等知识的能力，它决定于后天的学习，与社会文化有密切的关系。 晶体智力在人的一生都有发展，受后天的经验影响较大，主要表现为运用已有知识和技能去吸收新知识和解决新问题的能力。

23. Crystallized intelligence: It refers to the ability to acquire knowledge in fields such as language and mathematics. It is determined by acquired learning and has a close relationship with social and cultural factors. Crystallized intelligence develops throughout a person's life, is greatly influenced by postnatal experience, and is mainly manifested as the ability to absorb new knowledge and solve new problems by applying existing knowledge and skills.

24. 现代的智力理论研究融入的更多的维度和内涵，跳出了传统的静态研究，进入动态研究领域。其中著名的理论包括： 多元智力理论、情绪智力理论、三元智力理论、成功智力理论 等。

24. Modern theories of intelligence research incorporate more dimensions and connotations, breaking away from traditional static research and entering the dynamic research field. Among the famous theories are: the Theory of Multiple Intelligences, the Theory of Emotional Intelligence, the Triarchic Theory of Intelligence, the Theory of Successful Intelligence, and so on.

25. 当两个男孩行进在森林中的时候，他们遇到了一个问题：一头巨大、凶猛而且看上去很饥饿的灰熊向他们扑来。第一个男孩算出在173秒内灰熊就会追上他们。这个男孩不仅知道“距离＝速度×时间”的公式，还能在这么危急的情况下运用它。第二个男孩可能直到灰熊撞上他也算不出多少秒数，而且他也不可能去算。

25. As the two boys were walking through the forest, they encountered a problem: a huge, fierce, and visibly hungry grizzly bear was coming towards them. The first boy calculated that the bear would catch up with them in 173 seconds. Not only did this boy know the formula "distance = speed × time," but he was also able to apply it in such a critical situation. The second boy might not be able to calculate even a few seconds before the bear hit him, and he was also unlikely to attempt to do so.

26. 存在智能：对生命、死亡和终极现实提出问题，并思考这些问题的能力。

26. Existential Intelligence: The ability to ask questions about life, death, and ultimate reality, and to reflect on these questions.

27. 其实，多元智力理论的提出是有其社会背景的。1957年，苏联发射的第一颗人造地球卫星震惊了美国朝野，全国上下一致认为是教育的不力造成了美国的落后。为此教育界也进行了深刻的反思。10年之后，教育家们得出结论：美国的科学教育是先进的，但艺术落后，是两国科技人员文化艺术素质方面的差别导致了美国空间技术的落后。

27. In fact, the proposal of the theory of multiple intelligences has its social background. In 1957, the launch of the first artificial Earth satellite by the Soviet Union shocked the American public and political circles. It was universally believed that the backwardness of the United States was due to the inadequacy of education. In response, the education sector engaged in profound reflection. Ten years later, educators concluded that American science education was advanced, but art education was lagging behind. The difference in the cultural and artistic quality of scientific and technological personnel between the two countries led to the backwardness of American space technology.

28. 我们必须拥有足够的认知力，才不会犯迷糊，做出不利于自己的选择。

28. We must have enough cognitive ability so that we do not get confused and make choices that are detrimental to ourselves.

29. 有人教你赚钱，其实是想赚你的钱。有人教你存钱吃利息，其实是惦记着你的本金。有人告诉你一切要往前看，是让你为他牺牲当下的利益。有人劝你要服从大局，是想在利益分配中撇开你。

29. Some people teach you how to make money, but in reality, they want to make money off you. Some people teach you to save money to earn interest, but they are actually thinking about your principal. Some people tell you to look forward to everything, which is to make you sacrifice your current interests for them. Some people advise you to服从大局, but they want to exclude you from the distribution of benefits.

30. 逻辑智力（数学），包括数学运算与逻辑思维能力，如做数学证明题及逻辑推理。

30. Logical-mathematical intelligence, which includes mathematical operations and logical thinking abilities, such as solving mathematical proof problems and logical reasoning.

31. 斯腾伯格认为智商IQ是“呆滞的智力”，呆滞智力测验的低分并不妨碍你今后获得成功，同样，高分也不能保证成功。

31. Sternberg believes that IQ is a "dull intelligence," and low scores on dull intelligence tests do not prevent you from achieving success in the future. Similarly, high scores do not guarantee success either.

32. 接受人生的所有残缺和遗憾，不要抱怨自己的处境，提高自己的智慧和判断力，按照自己的想法，在这个人世间从从容容的活着。

32. Accept all the imperfections and regrets in life, do not complain about one's own situation, improve one's wisdom and judgment, and live calmly in this world according to one's own thoughts.

33. 总之，当我们发现自己有以上的问题时，就应该开始反思了。因为如果不及时纠正，这些问题就会引发我们的成长发展迟缓，甚至导致我们的长期失败。因此，在生活中我们需要积极控制自己，有坚定的决心来纠正自己的不良习惯和行为，这样才能真正实现个人价值，迈向成功之路。

33. In summary, when we find ourselves facing the above issues, it's time to start reflecting. Because if not addressed promptly, these issues can lead to a slowdown in our growth and development, and even result in long-term failures. Therefore, in life, we need to actively control ourselves, with a firm determination to correct our bad habits and behaviors. Only then can we truly realize our personal value and embark on the path to success.

34. 人际智力，包括与人交往且能和睦相处的能力，比如理解别人的行为、动机或情绪。

34. Interpersonal intelligence, including the ability to interact with others and live harmoniously, such as understanding others' behavior, motivations, or emotions.

35. 有的人拥有伟大的梦想，有的人只想做重复的工作，梦想愿景和目标可以激发人的潜能，让人产生源源不断的精神力量，所以要学会激励自己，努力使自己比别人做的更好，设定更高的目标，从内部和外部给予自己激励，加快进化速度。

35. Some people have great dreams, while others only want to do repetitive work. Dreams, visions, and goals can unleash human potential and generate a continuous stream of spiritual power. Therefore, one should learn to motivate oneself, strive to do better than others, set higher goals, and stimulate oneself from both internal and external sources to accelerate the pace of evolution.

36. 第二个男孩不大聪明，他的测验成绩一般，学习成绩也不突出，其他的文件证明显示他勉强合格，至多也仅仅算得上机灵和有点小聪明。

36. The second boy is not very intelligent; his test scores are average, and his academic performance is not outstanding either. Other documents show that he barely meets the requirements, at most he can be considered clever and a bit resourceful.

37. 一位名人说过，世界上只有一种英雄主义，就是看清了生活的真相之后，仍然热爱生活。

37. A celebrity once said, "There is only one form of heroism in the world, and that is to love life after seeing the truth of life."

38. 知识分为陈述性知识和程序性知识，陈述性知识是关于事实、概念、原则、规律等的知识，即“知道某事”。程序性知识是关于程序和策略的知识，即“怎么做”。同时还有跨学科的学习，建立“群峰式知识结构”。

38. Knowledge is divided into declarative knowledge and procedural knowledge. Declarative knowledge refers to knowledge about facts, concepts, principles, laws, etc., which means "knowing something." Procedural knowledge refers to knowledge about procedures and strategies, which means "how to do something." At the same time, there is also interdisciplinary learning, establishing a "peak cluster" knowledge structure.

39. 这个世界太复杂，你永远不知道，冠冕堂皇的话术背后，是多么肮脏的想法和算计。也不知道别人嘘寒问暖的目的，是真正的关心你，还是想利用你。

39. This world is too complex, and you can never know how dirty the thoughts and calculations are behind those grandiose words. You also never know the purpose behind others' concern and warmth; is it truly caring for you, or are they trying to take advantage of you?

40. 创造性智力 创造性智力是一种能超越已知给定的内容、产生新颖有趣结果的能力。主要体现在想象、构思、创造和发明等能力。具有创造力的人常常是特别出色的综合思维者，能够发现别人所不能发现的点。但创造力还包括分析性智力和实践性智力成分。

40. Creative Intelligence Creative intelligence is the ability to transcend the known and given content, generating novel and interesting results. It is mainly manifested in abilities such as imagination, conception, creation, and invention. People with creativity are often particularly outstanding integrative thinkers, able to discover points that others cannot. However, creativity also includes components of analytical intelligence and practical intelligence.

41. 成功智力的第二大障碍 自卑心理 ，对自我的怀疑会如瘟疫般弥散于生活的各个领域，并最终妨碍我们发挥自身的潜力，导致不能成功。具有成功智力的人对自己的能力颇有信心。他们相信自己能够成功，相信自己能够解决各种问题。

41. The second major obstacle to successful intelligence is inferiority complex. Doubt about oneself will spread like an epidemic across all areas of life, and ultimately hinder us from realizing our potential, leading to failure. People with successful intelligence have great confidence in their abilities. They believe they can succeed and they believe they can solve various problems.

42. 智商和智力有什么区别呢？智商的高低能不能决定人的成功？

与 42. What is the difference between IQ and intelligence? Can the level of IQ determine a person's success?

43. 第一大障碍是 权威人物的负面期望 。当这些权威人物，不管是老师、领导、老板、家长不看好你的时候，常常会导致你成为平庸之辈。具有成功智力的人无视负面期望，即使这些期望源自于智商或类似测验的低得分。他们不会因他人的评论而停止向目标前进的脚步，一旦认准前进的道路便勇往直前。坚持不懈直到成功。

43. The first major obstacle is the negative expectations of authoritative figures. When these authoritative figures, whether teachers, leaders, bosses, or parents, have a low opinion of you, it often leads to mediocrity. People with successful intelligence ignore negative expectations, even if these expectations come from low scores on IQ or similar tests. They will not stop moving towards their goals because of others' comments, and once they determine the path ahead, they will go forward with courage. They persevere until they achieve success.

44. 智力成分亚理论――认为智力包括三个成分及相应的三种过程，即元成分、操作成分和知识获得成分。元成分是计划、控制和决策的高级执行过程。操作成分是把信息保持在短时记忆中，并进行思维和加工。知识获得成分是指获取新知识，对新知识进行编码和存储。其中，三种成分中元成分起核心作用。

44. Sub-theory of Intelligence Components -- This theory posits that intelligence includes three components and their corresponding three processes, namely the meta-component, the operational component, and the knowledge acquisition component. The meta-component is the advanced executive process for planning, controlling, and making decisions. The operational component involves keeping information in short-term memory and conducting thinking and processing. The knowledge acquisition component refers to the acquisition of new knowledge, the encoding, and storage of new knowledge. Among the three components, the meta-component plays a core role.

45. 传统的智力理论包括：智力二因素论、智力多因素论、智力三维结构理论、智力形态理论等。传统智力理论对于智力的研究，比较局限在对于智力单维的研究，有的是形态，有的是结构，有的是因素。传统智力理论的预测参数指标就是IQ（智商），而且传统理论认为，人的IQ具有稳定性，基本上是无从培养和发展的。

45. Traditional theories of intelligence include: the two-factor theory of intelligence, the multifactor theory of intelligence, the three-dimensional structure theory of intelligence, the morphological theory of intelligence, and so on. Traditional theories of intelligence have been relatively limited in their research on intelligence, focusing on the study of intelligence on a single dimension, with some focusing on form, others on structure, and still others on factors. The predictive parameters of traditional intelligence theory are the IQ (intelligence quotient), and traditional theory holds that people's IQ is stable and is basically untrainable and undevelopable.

46. 成功智力才是对现实生活真正起到举足轻重影响的智力，呆滞智力仅将作为成功智力的一个有机组成部分。成功智力是用以达成人生中主要目标的智力。成功者，是拥有一整套完整的智慧技能的人，而绝不仅仅依靠学校中才推崇的呆滞智力。

46. It is the successful intelligence that truly has a crucial impact on real-life, while the dull intelligence merely serves as an organic part of successful intelligence. Successful intelligence is the intelligence used to achieve the main goals in life. Successful individuals are those who possess a comprehensive set of wisdom skills, and not just rely on the dull intelligence that is highly valued in schools.

47. 内省智力，对自身内部世界的状态和能力具有较高的敏感水平，包括认识自己并选择自己生活方向的能力。

47. Reflective intelligence has a high level of sensitivity to the state and abilities of its internal world, including the ability to recognize oneself and choose one's own life direction.

48. 一分钟就看透事物本质的人，和一辈子也看不透事物本质的人，注定是截然不同的两种命运。

48. People who can see through the essence of things in one minute and those who can never see through the essence of things in a lifetime are destined to have entirely different fates.

49. 智商的高低不能决定你的成功，智商是成功的要素之一，但不是全部，如果你智商测试分数很高，请不要骄傲，因为你智力不一定高，如果你智商测试很低，请不要悲伤，因为你智力不一定低。因为智力的高低取决于三个方面， 分析性智力，创造性智力和实践性智力 ，只有对这三种智力进行全方位提升，并针对实际情景进行针对性使用，才能保证你走向成功。

49. The level of intelligence cannot determine your success. Intelligence is one of the elements of success, but not the only one. If you score high on an intelligence test, do not be proud, as your intelligence may not necessarily be high. If you score low on an intelligence test, do not be despondent, as your intelligence may not necessarily be low. Because the level of intelligence depends on three aspects: analytical intelligence, creative intelligence, and practical intelligence. Only by improving all three types of intelligence and using them specifically for real-life situations can you ensure your path to success.

50. 这两点都很重要，例如通过经验（包含自己的经验和别人的经验）学习的能力意味着聪明人也可能犯错误。实际上，聪明人不是那些不出错的人， 而是能从错误中学习并且不再犯同类错误的人。

50. Both of these points are very important. For example, the ability to learn through experience (including one's own and others') means that intelligent people can also make mistakes. In fact, intelligent people are not those who never make mistakes, but those who can learn from their mistakes and no longer make similar ones.

51. 一个人是否有足够的理性，对于消费习惯有很大的影响。如果一个人无节制地消费，在短时间内能够享受一些物质上的利益，但是这种行为长此以往会导致财务状况的困难。当日常开支超过财务承受力时，就需要从其他人中获取帮助来摆脱困境。同时，在只有消费没有储蓄的情况下，当出现家庭经济危机时，无疑会感到自己一阵阵的辛酸或愧疚。

51. Whether a person has enough reasonableness has a great impact on their consumption habits. If someone indulges in excessive consumption, they may enjoy some material benefits in the short term, but such behavior over a long period of time can lead to financial difficulties. When daily expenses exceed one's financial capacity, one needs to seek help from others to get out of trouble. At the same time, in a situation where there is only consumption without savings, when a family economic crisis occurs, one will undoubtedly feel a sense of bitterness or guilt.

52. 身体是革命的本钱，身体不好就会浪费大量的时间和金钱来治疗疾病。如果一个人忽略自己的健康，不注意饮食、运动等习惯，那么在一段时间的之后，身体的不健康就会逐渐显现出来，进而影响到生活和事业；在这种情况下，我们需要意识到：只有保持一个健康的身体状态，才能更好地工作和生活。

52. The body is the capital of revolution; if the body is not in good condition, it will waste a lot of time and money on treating diseases. If a person ignores their own health and does not pay attention to habits such as diet and exercise, after a period of time, the unhealthy condition of the body will gradually appear, thereby affecting both life and career. In such a situation, we need to be aware that only by maintaining a healthy physical condition can we better work and live.

53. ​因为，超前消费，刺激市场，导致产能继续过剩，物价飞涨，钱不断贬值。这就是，上层用中层的血，灭底层的火。

53. Because of excessive consumption, stimulating the market, it leads to continued overcapacity, skyrocketing prices, and the continuous devaluation of money. This is the case where the upper class extinguishes the fire of the lower class with the blood of the middle class.

54. 世界上没有无缘无故的爱，也没有无缘无故的恨。如果你对别人无法提供有用的价值，包括情绪价值，别人就会抛弃你。如果你对别人有用，能给别人带来实实在在的利益，或者能让对方感到舒服，他就会亲近你。

54. There is no love or hate in the world without a reason. If you cannot provide useful value to others, including emotional value, others will abandon you. If you are useful to others, can bring tangible benefits to others, or can make the other person feel comfortable, they will be close to you.

55. ④ 注意力

55. ④ Attention

56. 语言智力，渗透在所有语言能力之中，包括阅读、写文章以及日常会话能力。

56. Linguistic intelligence, permeating all language abilities, includes reading, writing articles, and daily conversational skills.

57. 智力理论的发展分为传统的智力理论和现代的智力理论。

57. The development of intelligence theory is divided into traditional intelligence theory and modern intelligence theory.

58. 1911年， 德国 心理学家施太伦提出了“智商”的概念：智商即智力商数，它是用数值来表示智力水平的重要概念。智商IQ的提出主要是为了测试学生的智力，看看谁弱智？谁正常？谁超常？以便于学校因材施教，针对性设计教育内容和方式。

58. In 1911, the German psychologist Stern introduced the concept of "IQ" (Intelligence Quotient): IQ, or Intelligence Quotient, is an important concept used to represent the level of intelligence numerically. The proposal of IQ was mainly for the purpose of testing students' intelligence, to see who is mentally challenged, who is normal, and who is exceptionally talented, so that schools can tailor their teaching to the students' abilities, design educational content and methods that are targeted and appropriate.

59. 学习技能（知识获得成分）是该模型的核心，例如有的人一年看500本书，有的人一年只能看5本书，有的学习能力快，有的人学习能力差，所以学会高效的学习非常重要，例如费曼学习法、长短时记忆模型、刻意练习、元认知、思维导图、金字塔原理等学习方法都可以帮助自己提升学习技能。

59. Learning skills (component of knowledge acquisition) are at the core of this model. For example, some people can read 500 books in a year, while others can only read 5 books in a year. Some have fast learning abilities, while others have poor learning abilities. Therefore, it is very important to learn to study efficiently. For example, learning methods such as the Feynman Technique, the model of short and long-term memory, deliberate practice, metacognition, mind maps, and the pyramid principle can all help improve one's learning skills.

60. 生活不像你想的那么美好，也不像你想的那么糟糕，一个人的坚强和脆弱都远超我们的想象，有时一次挫折，就让我们泪流满面，有时我们可以咬着牙走很长的路。

60. Life is not as beautiful as you imagine, nor is it as terrible as you imagine. A person's strength and fragility are far beyond our imagination. Sometimes, a setback can make us cry in tears, and sometimes, we can bite our teeth and walk a long distance.

61. 元认知技能是指人们理解和控制他们自己的认知的技能，是认知背后的认知，在解决问题的时候对问题解决的流程和步骤进行监控，例如问题识别、问题定义、问题表征、策略形成、资源配置、问题解决的监控和对问题解决的评价，中间出现偏差，能够及时的纠偏。

61. Metacognitive skills refer to the abilities of individuals to understand and control their own cognition, which are the cognition behind cognition. They involve monitoring the process and steps of problem-solving, such as problem identification, problem definition, problem representation, strategy formation, resource allocation, monitoring of problem-solving, and evaluation of problem-solving. When deviations occur during the process, they are able to correct them in a timely manner.

62. 1983年加德纳提出的著名的多元智力理论，由7种相对独立的智力成分所构成，后来加德纳又加入两项，一共为9种智力。

62. The famous Theory of Multiple Intelligences proposed by Gardner in 1983, consisting of 7 relatively independent components of intelligence, was later expanded by Gardner himself with two more, totaling 9 types of intelligence.

63. 为什么很多学习成绩好的同学在社会上却不能取得成功？

63. Why can't many students with good academic performance achieve success in society?

64. 1963年，美国心理学家雷蒙德·卡特尔的提出了CHC理论。他根据对智力测验结果的分析，将智力分为两类：其一为流体智力，另一个为晶体智力。

64. In 1963, the American psychologist Raymond Cattell proposed the CHC theory. Based on the analysis of intelligence test results, he divided intelligence into two categories: one is fluid intelligence, and the other is crystallized intelligence.

65. 在生活中，我们经常会遇到一些曾经优秀的人，因为一些不良习惯或思想上的偏差而渐渐失去了自己原本的优秀品质，走上了一条下坡路。在这样的情况下，很多人常常不自觉地沉浸在自己喜欢的事物中，对自己的一些不良行为缺少判断。本文就将讨论一些通常表示一个人在走下坡路的表现。

65. In life, we often encounter some people who were once outstanding, who have gradually lost their original excellent qualities due to some bad habits or ideological deviations and have embarked on a downhill path. In such situations, many people often unconsciously immerse themselves in things they like, lacking judgment over some of their bad behaviors. This article will discuss some common manifestations that indicate a person is on a downhill path.

66. 人都是利益型的动物，每个人都唯利是图，别人接近你，说明你身上有他需要的东西。

66. Humans are all self-interested animals; everyone is solely driven by profit. If someone approaches you, it means there is something you possess that they need.

67. 音乐智力，包括对声音的辨别与韵律表达的能力，比如拉小提琴或作曲等。

67. Musical intelligence, which includes the ability to distinguish sounds and express rhythms, such as playing the violin or composing music.

68. 从新手到专家就是智力发展的结果，智力的发展需要六大技能的组合应用，元认知技能、学习技能、思维技能、知识、动机和环境的支持。

68. The progression from novice to expert is the result of intellectual development, which requires the combined application of six key skills: metacognitive skills, learning skills, thinking skills, knowledge, motivation, and environmental support.

69. 结果第一个男孩成了灰熊的午餐，而第二个男孩安全地逃了出去。

69. As a result, the first boy became the lunch of the grizzly bear, while the second boy safely escaped.

70. 智力经验亚理论――认为智力包括两种能力，一种是处理新任务和新环境时所要求的能力，另一种是信息加工过程自动化的能力。任务、情境和个体三者间存在相互作用。信息加工自动化的能力也是智力的重要成分，人们在进行复杂任务的操作时，需要运用更多操作的过程。只有许多操作自动化后，复杂任务才容易完成。

70. Sub-theory of Intellectual Experience – This theory posits that intelligence includes two types of abilities: one is the ability required to handle new tasks and new environments, and the other is the ability to automate the information processing process. There is an interaction among tasks, situations, and individuals. The ability to automate information processing is also an important component of intelligence. When people perform complex tasks, they need to utilize more operational processes. Only after many operations are automated can complex tasks be completed more easily.

71. 世界上充满着各种各样的假象，人性中有形形色色的虚伪，如果我们没有一双智慧的眼睛，就无法洞见问题的实质，让自己被别人牵着鼻子走，牺牲了自己的利益，还要对别人感恩戴德。

71. The world is filled with all kinds of illusions, and human nature is full of various kinds of hypocrisy. If we do not have a pair of wise eyes, we cannot see the essence of the problem, allowing ourselves to be led by others' noses, sacrificing our own interests, and yet being grateful to others.

72. 他认为，一个完备的智力理论必须说明智力的三个方面：即智力的内在成分（内部世界）、智力与经验的关系（经验世界）和智力成分的外部作用（外部世界）。从而提出了智力三成分理论。包括：

72. He believes that a comprehensive theory of intelligence must account for three aspects of intelligence: namely, the intrinsic components of intelligence (the internal world), the relationship between intelligence and experience (the world of experience), and the external effects of the components of intelligence (the external world). Thus, he proposed the three-component theory of intelligence. Including:

73. 一个不愿意学习的人，很可能在人生旅途中走下坡路。这样的人不会努力提高自己的能力，从而无法竞争市场，进而导致职业发展不顺利。长此以往，这样的恶性循环最终会导致个人发展的衰退，事业、生活变得丑陋。因此，处于职场中的人们，一定要保持积极学习的态度，不经常更新自己的知识，就会被淘汰出这个行业。

73. A person who is unwilling to learn is likely to decline in their journey through life. Such individuals will not strive to improve their abilities, thus unable to compete in the market, which in turn leads to an unsuccessful career development. If this continues, this vicious cycle will eventually lead to the decline of personal development, and both career and life will become ugly. Therefore, people in the workplace must maintain a positive attitude towards learning, as not frequently updating their knowledge will lead to being eliminated from this industry.

74. 在学业上的分析性智力随着年龄的增长而下降的同时，实践性智力则会随着年龄的增长而增长；有些学生在学校里成绩出众，但在现实世界中却表现平平；相反，有些学生在学校里表现平平，在现实世界中却处处得心应手、业绩突出。主要原因在于实践性智力。

74. While analytical intelligence in academic pursuits tends to decline with age, practical intelligence tends to increase with age; some students excel academically but perform averagely in the real world; conversely, some students perform averagely in school but excel and achieve outstanding results in the real world. The main reason lies in practical intelligence.

75. 毛主席说，在战争中学习战争，就是一种实践性智力，光靠书本上的知识是不够的，只有理论联系实践才能成功。

75. Chairman Mao said, to learn war through war is a practical intelligence; knowledge from books alone is not enough; only when theory is connected with practice can success be achieved.

76. 关于智力的定义所谓是仁者见仁智者见智，到目前为止也没有一个标准的答案。1921年，教育心理学杂志的编辑要求14位知名心理学家就什么是智力发表见解。尽管他们的回答不尽相同，但基本上涵盖了两点。

76. The definition of intelligence is said to be "what the benevolent see as benevolent, and what the wise see as wise," and there has not yet been a standard answer. In 1921, the editor of the Journal of Educational Psychology asked 14 prominent psychologists for their opinions on what intelligence is. Although their answers were not entirely the same, they basically covered two points.

77. 新手成为专家需要上述关键元素的交互作用。在中心位置驱动这些元素的是动机，没有动机，这些元素就没有活力。动机驱动元认知技能，而元认知技能反过来又激活学习和思维技能，这又为元认知技能提供反馈，使专业技能和水平得以提高，通过思维技能和学习技能而获得的陈述性知识和程序性知识，也会使个体将来更有效地运用这些技能。所有的这些过程都受到所在环境的影响，并反过来影响环境，最终，人们通过多次循环，发展自己的分析性智力、创造性智力和实践性智力，不断将自已推进到更高的专业水平，从新手成为专家。

77. To become an expert, novices require the interaction of the aforementioned key elements. Motivation is at the center, driving these elements, and without motivation, they lack vitality. Motivation drives metacognitive skills, which in turn activate learning and thinking skills. This provides feedback to the metacognitive skills, enhancing professional expertise and proficiency. The declarative and procedural knowledge acquired through thinking and learning skills will also enable individuals to more effectively apply these skills in the future. All these processes are influenced by the environment in which they occur and, in turn, influence the environment. Ultimately, through multiple cycles, individuals develop their analytical intelligence, creative intelligence, and practical intelligence, continuously advancing their professional level from novices to experts.

78. 英国心理学家斯皮尔曼在1904年最早对智力进行划分，认为人的智力分为普通因素和特殊因素。普通因素简称G因素。人的所有智力活动，如掌握知识、制定计划、完成作业等，都依赖于G因素，即每一项智力活动中都蕴含着这种普通因素。谁的G因素数量高，他就聪明；如果一个人的G因素极少，那他肯定愚笨。另一为特殊因素,简称S因素。他发现有五类特殊因素：

78. The British psychologist Spearman was the first to classify intelligence in 1904, believing that human intelligence is divided into general factors and specific factors. The general factors are abbreviated as G factors. All intellectual activities of humans, such as acquiring knowledge, making plans, completing tasks, etc., depend on the G factor, meaning that this general factor is inherent in each intellectual activity. Whose G factor quantity is high, the smarter he is; if a person has very few G factors, he is definitely foolish. The other is the specific factor, abbreviated as S factor. He found five types of specific factors: