1. 种子与农业 种子建设

1. Seeds and Agriculture - Seed Development

2. 托叶离生，小叶呈倒卵形、椭圆形，先端钝圆或微凹，基部呈宽楔形，上面近无毛，下面散生白色的柔毛。

2. The leaflets are separate from the petiole, with the leaflets having an inversely ovate or elliptical shape, the tip being obtuse or slightly concave, and the base being broadly cuneate. The upper surface is nearly hairless, while the lower surface is scattered with white soft hairs.

3. 荚果呈线状长圆形，种子呈肾形，颜色为栗褐色，开花期为2-6月份，结果期为3-7月份。

3. The pods are linear and elongated, the seeds are kidney-shaped, the color is chestnut brown, the flowering period is from February to June, and the fruiting period is from March to July.

4. 生性喜欢温暖、湿润的气候，一般长在海拔为400-3000米间的山坡、溪边及潮湿处。

4. By nature, they prefer warm and humid climates and are generally found growing on slopes, stream banks, and damp areas between altitudes of 400 to 3,000 meters.

5. 紫云英蜂蜜 紫云英是我国主要蜜源植物之一，花期每群蜂可采蜜20～30kg，最高达50kg。紫云英蜂蜜是以蜜蜂从紫云英鲜花上采集花蜜并酿制而成的优质蜂蜜为原料，采用真空低温浓缩而成，保持了蜂蜜的营养和活性成分。100%纯天然，甘甜、营养丰富。主要特点：

5. Red Clover Honey - Red clover is one of China's main nectar plants. During the flowering period, each hive can collect 20 to 30 kg of honey, with the highest reaching 50 kg. Red clover honey is made from high-quality honey produced by bees collecting nectar from red clover flowers and then fermented, which is made through vacuum low-temperature concentration, preserving the nutrition and active ingredients of the honey. It is 100% pure natural, sweet, and rich in nutrients. Main characteristics:

6. 紫云英蜜又名红花草蜜或草子蜜，是我国南方春季主要蜜种。具有大自然清新宜人的草香味，甜而不腻，鲜洁清甜，色泽为浅琥珀色。本品除有一般蜂蜜的清热解毒的补中、润澡、之功效，还能祛风明目、消肿利尿，对风痰咳嗽、喉痛、火眼痔疮等有一定的辅助疗效。是虚火旺盛人士之保健佳品。

6. Red Clover Honey, also known as Hong Cao Hua Honey or Cao Zi Honey, is a major type of honey in the spring in southern China. It has a refreshing and pleasant grassy fragrance, sweet but not cloying, fresh and clean, with a color of light amber. This product, in addition to having the general health benefits of honey such as clearing heat, detoxifying, nourishing the middle, and moisturizing the body, also has the effects of dispelling wind, clearing the eyes, reducing swelling, and promoting diuresis. It has certain auxiliary therapeutic effects on conditions such as wind-phlegm cough, throat pain, fire eyes, and hemorrhoids. It is a health care product suitable for people with excessive interior heat.

7. 揪花开，谷出来。 揪花开，麻出来。

7. Open the flower, the grain comes out. Open the flower, the hemp comes out.

8. 采用紫云英喂猪的方法一般有以下两种：鲜喂：以1斤精饲料配合6～7斤鲜紫云英为好。青贮喂：青贮的优点是贮存时间长，贮存量大，成本低，且养分的损失也较少，口感也佳。紫云英的青贮料猪很爱吃，一般可掺用50%左右应当注意的是，牛、羊、马等反刍动物虽然可以紫云英作饲料，但不宜吃得过多，以免引起腹胀病。 药名：紫云英子别名：蒺藜子、草蒺藜英文名：Seed of Chinese Milkvetch拉丁植物动物矿物名：Astragalus sinicus L归经：肝经中药化学成分：种子含刀豆氨酸(canavalmine)，热精胺(thermospermine)，精胺(spermine)，亚精胺(spermidine)，N4-甲基热精胺(N4-methylthermospermine)，壳质酶(chintinase)，β-谷甾醇(β-sitosteol)。还含有微量元素硒(Se)008μg/g，锌(Zn)121μg/g，铜(Cu)524μg/g，铁(Fe)320μg/g，钼(Mo)046μg/g，钴(Co)042μg/g，铅(Pb)34μg/g，镉(Cd)011μg/g等。功效：祛风明目考证：出自《江西草药手册》科属分类：豆科主治：目赤肿痛生态环境：生于溪边或森林中潮湿处、山坡、山径旁。海拔400-3000m均可生长。各家论述：苏医《中草药手册》 ：活血明目。治眼部疾患。采收和储藏：春、夏季果实成熟时，割下全草，打下种子，晒干。功效分类：活血药生药材鉴定：种子呈长方状肾形，两侧明显压扁，长达35mm；腹面中央内陷较深，一侧成沟状；表面黄绿色或棕绿色，质坚硬。气微弱，嚼之微有豆腥气，味淡。性味：辛；凉药材基源：为豆科植物紫云英的种子。用法用量：内服：煎汤，6-9g；或研末。

8. The method of using Astragalus sinicus to feed pigs generally includes the following two methods: Fresh feeding: It is better to mix 1 jin of concentrated feed with 6 to 7 jin of fresh Astragalus sinicus. Silage feeding: The advantages of silage are that it has a long storage time, large storage capacity, low cost, less loss of nutrients, and good taste. Pigs like to eat silage made from Astragalus sinicus, and it can generally be mixed with about 50%. It should be noted that although ruminant animals such as cows, sheep, and horses can be fed with Astragalus sinicus, they should not eat too much to avoid causing bloating disease. Pharmacology name: Seed of Chinese Milkvetch Other names: Thistle seed, Herba Thistle English name: Seed of Chinese Milkvetch Latin plant and animal mineral name: Astragalus sinicus L Channel: Liver meridian Chinese medicine chemical constituents: The seeds contain canavalmine, thermospermine, spermine, spermidine, N4-methylthermospermine, chitinase, β-sitosterol. It also contains trace elements selenium (Se) 0.08μg/g, zinc (Zn) 121μg/g, copper (Cu) 524μg/g, iron (Fe) 320μg/g, molybdenum (Mo) 0.046μg/g, cobalt (Co) 0.042μg/g, lead (Pb) 34μg/g, cadmium (Cd) 0.011μg/g, etc. Properties:祛风明目 Origin: From "Jiangxi Herbal Manual" Family and genus classification: Leguminosae Indications: Red and swollen eyes Ecological environment: Grows in damp places beside streams or forests, on hillsides, and along mountain paths. It can grow at an altitude of 400-3000 meters. Various discussions: Su Medical "Herbal Manual": Promotes blood circulation and improves vision. Treat eye diseases. Harvesting and storage: In spring and summer when the fruits are ripe, cut the whole grass, beat down the seeds, and dry them. Classification of efficacy: Blood-activating medicine Identification of crude drugs: The seeds are long and kidney-shaped, with obvious flattening on both sides, up to 35mm long; the central depression on the ventral surface is deep, one side forming a groove; the surface is yellow-green or brown-green, with hard texture. The smell is weak, with a slight bean smell when chewed, and a light taste. Properties and flavors: Acrid; Cool Medicinal material source: The seeds of Astragalus sinicus, a plant of the Leguminosae family. Usage and dosage: Internal administration: decocted in a decoction, 6-9g; or grind into powder.

9. 紫云英不仅可用作绿肥、牲畜饲料，人还可食用。人们常在春天的时候到田野上摘一些紫云英嫩尖与猪肉一起来炒菜。他们先把紫云英与蒜清洗干净，然后切段，锅中倒入油，下入蒜末煸香。再放入紫云英大火快炒，最后加盐、料酒、少许白糖调味出锅。

9. Astragalus can not only be used as green manure and livestock feed, but it can also be eaten by humans. People often pick some tender tips of astragalus from the fields in spring to cook with pork. They first clean the astragalus and garlic, then cut them into sections. Next, they pour oil into the pot and stir-fry the minced garlic until fragrant. Then they add the astragalus and stir-fry it over high heat. Finally, they season it with salt, cooking wine, and a little sugar before removing it from the stove.

10. 总状花序，开花后呈伞形，花梗较短，总花梗腋生，苞片呈三角状卵形。花萼呈钟状，萼齿呈披针形，花冠呈紫红色、橙**，旗瓣呈倒卵形，瓣片呈长圆形。

10. Inflorescence in corymb, becoming umbellate after flowering, with short pedicels, racemes axillary, bracts triangular-ovate. Calyx is bell-shaped, with lanceolate teeth, corolla is purple-red, orange, with standard petal ovate, and petals lanceolate.

11. 紫云英除作为绿肥作物之外，也可作为饲草料青饲或调制干草，适口性好，各类家畜均喜食，而且营养价值高，可作为家畜的优质青绿饲料和蛋白质补充饲料，喂猪效果更好。年可刈割2～3次，一般每公顷鲜草产量22500～37500kg，最高可达60000kg。紫云英也可绿肥牧草兼用，利用上部2/3作饲料喂猪，下部1/3及根部作绿肥，连作3年可增加土壤有机质16%，远较冬闲地高。

11. Astragalus not only serves as a green manure crop but can also be used as forage for livestock, either fresh or as dried hay. It has a good palatability and is favored by various domestic animals. Moreover, it is rich in nutrients and can be used as high-quality green feed and protein supplement for livestock, with better feeding effects on pigs. It can be harvested 2 to 3 times a year, with an average fresh grass yield of 22,500 to 37,500 kg per hectare, which can reach up to 60,000 kg. Astragalus can also be used as both green manure and forage. The upper two-thirds can be used as feed for pigs, while the lower one-third and the roots can be used as green manure. Continuous cropping for three years can increase the soil organic matter by 16%, which is significantly higher than that of winter fallow land.

12. 包谷种不晒，一冬必得坏。 宁要一斗种，不要一斗金。

12. Corn seeds not sun-dried will surely go bad in the winter. It's better to have a bushel of seeds than a bushel of gold.

13. 紫云英别名为翘摇、红花草、草子等。它通常是一大遍生长的，开紫色小花朵。在南方农村非常常见，常在潮湿的溪水边、山岥上见到

13. The clover, also known as Qiaoyao, Hongcaohua, Caizi, etc., usually grows in thick patches and produces purple small flowers. It is very common in southern rural areas, often found along wet streams and on hills.

14. 紫云英就是红花草，它们没有区别，只是各地的叫法有所差异。

14. Astragalus sinicus is known as red clover. There is no distinction between them; it's just that the names vary in different regions.

15. 紫云英呈匍匐状，多分枝，株高为10-30厘米左右，叶片为奇数羽状复叶（具有7-13片小叶），叶柄短于叶轴。

15. Astragalus sinicus grows in a prostrate form, with many branches, and its height is about 10-30 centimeters. The leaves are odd-pinnate compound leaves (consisting of 7-13 small leaves), with petioles shorter than the rachis.

16. 紫云英是一种属于蔷薇目、豆科、蝶形花亚科、山羊豆族、黄耆属、紫云英种的二年生草本植物，别称翘摇、红花草、草子，主要分布于我国长江流域的各省区。

16. Astragalus sinicus is a biennial herb belonging to the order Rosales, family Fabaceae, subfamily Papilionoideae, tribe Ononidinae, genus Astragalus, and species sinicus. It is also known as Qiaoyao, Hongcaohua, and Caozi. It is mainly distributed in the provinces and regions along the Yangtze River in China.

17. 肥料与农业 肥料建设

17. Fertilizer and Agriculture: Fertilizer Construction

18. 紫云英和红花草没有区别，二者同为一种植物，只是叫法不一样。紫云英是二年生草本植物，别称翘摇、红花草，主要分布于我国长江流域各省区，其植株多分枝，株高10-30厘米左右，叶片为奇数羽状复叶，叶柄短于叶轴，托叶离生，小叶呈倒卵形，先端钝圆，基部呈宽楔形，上部无毛，下部具有白色柔毛。

18. There is no difference between astragalus and red clover; both are the same plant but have different names. Astragalus is a biennial herbaceous plant, also known as qiaoyao and red clover, mainly distributed in the provinces and regions along the Yangtze River in China. The plant has many branches, with a height of about 10-30 centimeters. The leaves are odd-pinnate compound leaves, the petiole is shorter than the rachis, the stipules are free, the small leaves are oblong, with an obtuse rounded apex, a broad cuneate base, hairless on the upper part, and white soft hairs on the lower part.

19. 总的说来，紫云英蜜主要功效是调节消化系统，润肠通肺，有良好的排毒作用。贮存方法：置于阴凉通风干燥处，如有结晶析出，纯属正常物理性状―葡萄糖结晶，绝不影响品质和服用效果。服用方法：温开水冲服，或拌到牛奶、豆浆中。不宜开水冲服，以免破坏天然营养成份和花香味。

19. In general, the main efficacy of astragalus honey is to regulate the digestive system, moisten the intestines and lungs, and it has a good detoxifying effect. Storage method: Place it in a cool, ventilated and dry place. If crystals precipitate, it is purely a normal physical property - glucose crystals, which will not affect the quality and effectiveness of consumption. Administration method: Take it with warm water, or mix it with milk or soy milk. It is not recommended to take it with boiling water to avoid destroying the natural nutrients and floral aroma.

20. 老少皆宜。紫云英蜜，其性甘平，有益于消化系统病变及食品店欲不佳者，能减轻胃部灼热感，消除恶心反胃，缓解胃肠黏膜炎症病变的剌激症状，帮助食物消化与促进溃疡的愈合，宜空腹服用。

20. Suitable for both the young and the old. The honey of purple clover is sweet and mild, beneficial for those with digestive system disorders and poor appetite, capable of alleviating stomach burning sensation, eliminating nausea and vomiting, mitigating the irritation symptoms of gastrointestinal mucosal inflammation, aiding in food digestion, and promoting the healing of ulcers. It is recommended to take it on an empty stomach.

21. 可作为蜜源植物、绿肥、牧草进行栽培，现在全国各地均有种植。

21. It can be cultivated as a nectar plant, green manure, and pasture. Currently, it is planted in all parts of the country.

22. 对土壤的要求不严格，但生长在湿润、疏松、肥沃的壤质土上面会更佳，适宜生长的土壤PH值为55-75。

22. The soil requirements are not strict, but growing on moist, loose, and fertile loamy soil is more ideal. The pH value of the soil suitable for growth is between 5.5 and 7.5.