千古风华，赵孟頫与朱元璹携手共创诗篇，千年流转，无人能匹其影響力。

Through the ages, Zhao Mengfu and Zhu Yuanxuan collaborated to create poetry, their influence enduring for a thousand years, unmatched by any.

1. “若问闲情都几许？一川烟草，满城风絮，梅子黄时雨。”抽象的情感却被描绘得真实可感，孤寂缠绵如在眼前。

1. "If asked how much leisure there is, it's as much as a river of grass, the city filled with flying fluff, and rain when the plums are yellow." The abstract emotion is depicted with such authenticity and tangibility that the loneliness and longing seem as if they are right in front of one's eyes.

2. 恒持此志成永志，百战问鼎开太平。

2. Perseverance in this resolve will turn it into a permanent one, and through a hundred battles, we will reach the peak to open up a peaceful era.

3. 宋朝的繁华如烈火烹油，可是，赵匡胤汲取唐朝边疆节度使权力过大而最终亡国的教训，把老弱病残派往边关，这就如一人拿着价值连城的宝石公然在大街上炫耀一样，怎能不引得那一帮心怀叵测的无良小人觊觎。辽人来了，送钱；金人来了，送钱；西夏人来了，送钱。好在宋朝不缺钱。可是，后来人家不要钱了，要地了。于是，北宋亡了，偏安一隅的南宋继续在异族的打压下求生活。所以，宋代，尤其是南宋，多的是爱国诗人。

3. The prosperity of the Song Dynasty was like a raging fire boiling oil, yet, Zhao Kuangyin, drawing lessons from the overreaching power of the regional military governors during the Tang Dynasty that eventually led to its downfall, sent the old, weak, sick, and disabled to the borders. This was as if someone were publicly parading a priceless gemstone in the streets, how could it not attract the envy of those cunning and dishonest individuals? When the Liao people came, they were paid off; when the Jin people came, they were paid off; when the Xixia people came, they were paid off. Fortunately, the Song Dynasty was not short of money. However, later on, they no longer wanted money, but land. Consequently, the Northern Song Dynasty fell, and the Southern Song Dynasty, which had taken refuge in a corner, continued to seek a living under the oppression of foreign ethnic groups. Therefore, in the Song Dynasty, especially in the Southern Song Dynasty, there were many patriotic poets.

4. “片片蝶衣轻，点点猩红小。道是天公不惜花，百种千般巧。朝见树头繁，暮见枝头少。道是天公果惜花，雨洗风吹了。”刘克庄一语成谶。在蒙古军队的席卷下，延续了三百多年的大宋王朝被“雨洗风吹去了”。另一个幅员空前辽阔的王朝——元朝诞生了。

4. "Each butterfly garment light, each dot of crimson small. It is said that the heaven does not spare the flowers, with a thousand and a hundred clever designs. In the morning, I see them flourish on the tree tops, in the evening, fewer on the branches. It is said that the heaven indeed does spare the flowers, washed away by rain and swept away by the wind." Liu Kezhuang's words came true. Under the sweep of the Mongolian army, the great Song Dynasty, which had lasted for over three hundred years, was "washed away by rain and swept away by the wind." Another dynasty with an unprecedented vast territory was born—the Yuan Dynasty.

5. 赵匡胤颇有胆略。在他称帝之初，节度使的势力很盛，骄横难制。有一天，赵匡胤将他们召来，授给他们每 人一把佩剑，一副强弓，一匹骏马，然后他也单身上马，不带卫士，和这些节度使一起驰出皇宫。到了固子门的树林之中，又与他们一起下马饮酒。饮了几杯酒以后，赵匡胤突然对他们说：“这里僻静无人，你们之 中谁想当皇帝的，可以杀了我，然后去登基。”这些节使度都被他的这种气概镇住了，一个个拜伏在地，战栗不止，连称“不敢，不敢”。赵匡胤再三询问，他们吓得只是埋头不语。赵匡胤就训斥他们说：“你们既然要我做天子，就应当各尽臣下的职责，今后不准再骄横不法，目无天子！”节度使们都山呼万岁，表示顺从。

5. Zhao Kuangyin was quite bold. At the beginning of his reign, the power of the military governors was strong and they were proud and difficult to control. One day, Zhao Kuangyin summoned them and gave each of them a sword, a strong bow, and a fine horse. Then he also mounted alone, without guards, and rode out of the palace together with these military governors. When they reached the forest near the Gouzi Gate, they dismounted and began to drink. After several cups of wine, Zhao Kuangyin suddenly said to them, "This place is quiet and deserted. Among you, who wants to be the emperor, can kill me and then ascend the throne." All the military governors were overwhelmed by his demeanor, one by one they fell to their knees, trembling, and repeatedly declared, "We dare not, we dare not." Zhao Kuangyin asked them repeatedly, but they were too scared to speak. Zhao Kuangyin then scolded them, "Since you want me to be the Son of Heaven, you should each fulfill your duties as ministers. From now on, you must not be proud and lawless, and must not look down upon the Son of Heaven!" The military governors all shouted "Long live the Emperor!" in a show of obedience.

6. 华夏大地，干戈四起。英雄如曹孟德也不禁“对酒当歌，人生几何，譬如朝露，去日苦多”，“明明如月，何时可掇。忧从中来，不可断绝”。世事乱象反激起其雄心万丈。“山不厌高，水不厌深，周公吐哺，天下归心”。

6. On the vast land of China, there is war and chaos everywhere. Even the hero Cao Cao cannot help but sing, "Drinking wine and singing, how many years of life, like morning dew, the days gone are bitter," "As bright as the moon, when can it be picked. Sadness comes from within, cannot be cut off." The chaotic phenomena of the world反而 stir up his boundless ambition. "The mountains are never high enough, the rivers are never deep enough, Zhou Gong offers food, the hearts of the people across the land turn towards him."

7. “早岁那知世事艰，中原北望气如山。 楼船夜雪瓜洲渡，铁马秋风大散关。”对于陆游来说，终其一生，都在呼吁北伐中原，收复失地。“僵卧孤村不自哀，尚思为国戍轮台。 夜阑卧听风吹雨，铁马冰河入梦来。”可惜南宋朝廷实力不济，自保尚难，收复失地只能在梦中罢了。“死去原知万事空，但悲不见九洲同。 王师北定中原日，家祭无忘告乃翁。”死不甘心啊，徒唤奈何！

7. "At an early age, who knew the world was so difficult, looking northward from the Central Plains, my spirit is as solid as a mountain. The warship crosses the Guazhou River in the snow at night, the iron horses gallop in the autumn wind at Da Sancun." For Lu You, throughout his life, he was calling for the northern campaign to reconquer the Central Plains and regain the lost territories. "Lying stiffly in a solitary village, I do not mourn myself, still thinking of guarding the wheel tower for my country. At midnight, lying awake listening to the wind and rain, iron horses and ice rivers enter my dreams." Unfortunately, the Southern Song Dynasty was not strong enough to protect itself, let alone recover the lost territories, which could only remain a dream. "I know that when I die, everything is empty, but I am sad that I did not see the unification of all the nine regions. On the day when the king's army conquers the Central Plains, do not forget to tell my father at the family sacrifice." How can I die in peace, just calling out in vain!

8. “漫云女子不英雄，万里乘风独向东！诗思一帆海空阔，梦魂三岛月玲珑。铜驼已陷悲回首，汗马终惭未有功。如许伤心家国恨，那堪客里度春风。”鉴湖女侠确有巾帼不让须眉之豪气。

8. "Never say that women are not heroic, as they ride the wind alone to the east across ten thousand miles! Poetic thoughts sail a lone帆 across the boundless sea, dreams roam over the three islands, the moon clear and exquisite. The bronze camel has fallen, a sorrowful look back, the sweat of my horses, though much, has brought no achievements. Such sorrowful love for home and country, how can one bear to spend the spring breeze as a stranger." The martial maiden of Jianhu truly possesses the heroic spirit that does not let a man's whiskers outshine.

9. 风生于地，起于青苹之末。上层人物的斗争自然影响到下层百姓。曹氏内部之斗方平息，那边司马氏家族赫然崛起，你死我活的厮杀结果是魏晋人物不问政治，清越超脱，谈玄论酒。

9. The wind arises from the earth, starting at the end of the green reed. The struggles of the upper class naturally affect the common people. As the internal strife within the Cao family subsided, the family of Sima suddenly rose to prominence. The fierce fighting resulted in the Wujin characters shunning politics, becoming pure and transcendent, discussing metaphysics and wine.

10. 明太祖虽标榜复古，但他大多数制度是从蒙古学的，廷杖与责打臣下是从蒙古学的，法制是从蒙古学的，违反了“刑不上大夫”的古训。另外，他与蒙古人一样，为了动员全社会，他十分重视户口普查，每个人有固定的义务，每个大臣首先是家臣，然后才是大臣。人民分为军户、匠户、民户，不许随便转换工作，这是从成吉思汗的十户制学的。从前大臣上朝是不用跪对的，明朝则要，因此明朝君主是绝对专制的。

10. Although the Hongwu Emperor claimed to advocate for the restoration of the past, most of his systems were learned from the Mongols. Flogging and beating officials were learned from the Mongols, the legal system was learned from the Mongols, which violated the ancient maxim "no punishment for the noble class." Additionally, like the Mongols, he paid great attention to the census of households to mobilize the entire society. Everyone had fixed obligations; each minister was first a court official, then a minister. The people were divided into military households, craft households, and civilian households, and were not allowed to change their jobs freely, which was learned from Chinggis Khan's ten household system. In the past, ministers did not have to kowtow when they came to court, but in the Ming Dynasty, they did, making the Ming emperor absolutely autocratic.

11. 作为一个群体，唐朝的边塞诗人用他们雄奇的文笔为世人留下了风格特异的壮丽诗篇。“白日依山尽，黄河入海流。欲穷千里目，更上一层楼。”气势磅礴，气象宏大。“北风卷地白草折，胡天八月即飞雪。忽如一夜春风来，千树万树梨花开”。漫天皆白，壮阔奇丽。“万鼓雷殷地，千旗火生风。日轮驻霜戈，月魄悬雕弓”。战争的紧张激烈如在眼前。

11. As a group, the frontier poets of the Tang Dynasty left behind unique and magnificent poems with their majestic pen. "The sun sets behind the mountains, the Yellow River flows into the sea. To see a thousand miles, climb one story higher." The grandeur is overwhelming, and the grandeur is magnificent. "The north wind sweeps the earth, white grass bends; In the eighth month of the nomadic sky, snow falls. Suddenly as if a spring breeze came overnight, trees and trees of pear blossoms bloom." The sky is all white, vast and spectacular. "Ten thousand drums roll like thunder, a thousand flags give rise to the wind. The sun wheel halts on the frosty spear, the moon's spirit hangs on the carved bow." The tension and intensity of war are as if in sight.

12. 英雄气短，儿女情长，如此曼妙可人儿自然令汉武帝也为之摧眉折腰。李夫人（李延年之妹）由此令“六宫粉黛无颜色”。

12. With short heroism and long filial affection, such a charming and lovely woman naturally made Emperor Han Wu of the Han Dynasty bow and kowtow. Lady Li (the younger sister of Li Yanian) thereby made the women of the six palaces lose their colors.

13. “大江东去，浪淘尽，千古风流人物。故垒西边，人道是三国周郎赤壁。乱石穿空，惊涛骇浪，卷起千堆雪。江山如画，一时多少豪杰。”勃勃英姿，豪迈气概，虽被贬黄州仍丝毫未减。

13. "The great river flows eastward, the waves wash away, leaving behind the great figures of the past. By the old fortress to the west, people say it is the Red Cliffs of the Three Kingdoms, Zhou Yang. Rocky cliffs pierce the sky, terrifying waves, rolling up thousands of piles of snow. The river and mountains are like a painting, at one time, how many heroes there were." The vigorous and heroic demeanor remains undiminished, even after being demoted to Huangzhou.

14. 赵匡胤还重视农业生产，注意兴修水利，减轻徭役，促进了社会经济的发展。赵匡胤是一位有作为的帝王，但是，他偏重“安内守外”，重文轻武，导致北宋日后“内重外轻”、“积贫积弱”的局面。他把大量田地赐给交出兵权的将领，又加剧了土地的兼并，使阶级矛盾日趋尖锐。

14. Zhao Kuangyin also attached importance to agricultural production, paid attention to the construction of water conservancy projects, reduced the burden of corvée labor, and promoted the economic development of society. Zhao Kuangyin was an accomplished emperor, but he had a bias towards "stabilizing the interior and defending the exterior," emphasizing literature over martial arts, which led to the situation of "internal emphasis and external neglect," and "accumulated poverty and weakness" in the Northern Song Dynasty later on. He granted a large number of lands to generals who gave up their military powers, further exacerbating the land consolidation, which made class contradictions increasingly acute.

15. “柔情似水，佳期如梦，忍顾鹊桥归路。两情若是长久时，又岂在朝朝暮暮。”爱之真谛，道人所未道。

15. "Tender as water, beautiful as a dream, reluctantly looking back at the path of the magpie bridge. If the two hearts are to last, why should it matter only to meet and part day after day?" The essence of love, expressed by the one who speaks the unsaid.

16. 中国历史上正统王朝（大一统王朝）中，真正平民出身的皇帝只有两个：刘邦和朱元璋。

16. In the history of China, there have only been two emperors who truly came from the common people in the orthodox dynasties (dynasties of great unification): Liu Bang and Zhu Yuanzhang.

17. 大汉王朝在平静中逐渐强大，雄才大略的汉武帝刘彻才在汾河上感慨“兰有秀兮菊有芳，怀佳人兮不能忘”，李延年就为之送上《佳人歌》：北方有佳人，绝世而独立。 一笑倾人城，再笑倾人国。宁不知倾城与倾国？佳人再难得！

17. The Great Han Dynasty grew strong gradually amidst tranquility, and the able and ambitious Emperor Wu of Han, Liu Che, felt nostalgic on the Fen River, lamenting, "The orchid is beautiful, the chrysanthemum fragrant, and I can't forget the fair lady." Li Yanian then composed a song for him, "The Song of the Fair Lady": There is a fair lady in the north, unique and standing alone. A smile can charm the city, and another can charm the nation. Does she not know that a smile can charm the city and the nation? Such a fair lady is rare indeed!

18. “水是眼波横，山是眉峰聚。欲问行人去那边，眉眼盈盈处。才始送春归，又送君归去。若到江南赶上春，千万和春住。”送别却无凄切，难舍却又欢快。

18. "Water flows with the eyes' waves, mountains gather like eyebrows. If you ask where the traveler is going, it's to the land where eyebrows and eyes are full. Just as spring is leaving, you are leaving too. If you can catch up with spring in the South of the Yangtze, be sure to live with spring forever." The parting is not filled with sadness, it's hard to let go yet joyous.

19. 而在政治方面，朱元璋能将其治军的理念落实到治国方面，选拔贤能，由文臣拟定治国方略，再由朱元璋以强力推广之，形成了以军事强人为支撑的文人治国的领导班子，一改元朝以来军人治国把国家搞得一团糟的状况。

19. In terms of politics, Zhu Yuanzhang was able to apply his principles of military governance to the administration of the state. He selected capable individuals, with civilian officials drafting state strategies, which were then forcefully implemented by Zhu Yuanzhang. This created a leadership team for the state that was based on the support of military strongmen but governed by scholars, thereby fundamentally changing the chaotic situation of military rule that had persisted since the Yuan Dynasty.

20. 正是出于他有了这个想法，才会率领百官西访洛阳，就是想听听群臣的意见，史书记载：

20. It was precisely because he had this idea that he led the officials to visit Luoyang in the west, just wanting to hear the opinions of the ministers, as recorded in the historical books:

21. “三年羁旅客，今日又南冠。无限山河泪，谁言天地宽！已知泉路近，欲别故乡难。毅魄归来日，灵旗空际看。”（夏完淳《别云间》）

21. "Three years as a wanderer, today I wear the helmet of the south again. Rivers and mountains, endless, my tears flow. Who says the world is vast! I know the path to the spring is near, but it is hard to leave my hometown. The brave soul returns one day, and the spiritual flag flies in the sky." (Xia Wanchun, "Farewell to Yunjian)

22. 青年白居易曾经因为自己的名字而被人嘲笑：“长安居，不容易。”言外之意，白白的居住更不容易了。不知是否一千多年前的长安也如今日城市的房价疯长？不过，很快，嘲笑之声消失，代之以敬佩之情。“离离原上草，一岁一枯荣。野火烧不尽，春风吹又生。”如清风拂面，还带着泥土的芳香。在他的积极实践和推动下，“新乐府”也成为一场影响深远的诗歌运动。

22. The young Bai Juyi was once mocked for his name: "Living in Chang'an is not easy." The implication is that it's even more difficult to live without a name. I wonder if a thousand years ago, the price of houses in Chang'an has also been soaring like today's? However, the mocking voice quickly faded away, replaced by admiration. "The grass grows on the hills, withering and thriving each year. It can't be burned by wild fires, and it will grow again with the spring breeze." It's as refreshing as a breeze blowing on the face, carrying the fragrance of the earth. Under his active practice and promotion, "New Lyric Poems" also became a profound poetry movement.

23. 开宝九年，宋太祖赵匡胤来到洛阳，回到自己的出生地，赵匡胤十分欢喜，甚至做出一个惊人的决定，便是迁都洛阳。其实这并非他一时兴起，而是赵匡胤认为，如今的都城开封，位于黄河南岸的平原上，是无险可守的四战之地。

23. In the ninth year of the Kaibao era, Emperor Taizu Zhao Kuangyin of the Song Dynasty arrived in Luoyang, returning to his place of birth. Zhao Kuangyin was overjoyed, even making a stunning decision to move the capital to Luoyang. In fact, this was not a spontaneous decision on his part. Rather, Zhao Kuangyin believed that the current capital Kaifeng, located on the plain on the southern bank of the Yellow River, was a place of no natural defenses and surrounded by four sides of danger.

24. “坑灰未冷山东乱，刘项原来不读书”。焚灭诗书的秦始皇的万世梦刚刚开始，就在杀声震天中戛然而止。“力拔山兮气盖世”的项羽挥舞着巨大的戟闯入咸阳，不久即发出“骓不逝兮可奈何！虞兮虞兮奈若何”的悲叹。曾经的战友刘邦却已经意气风发，激扬文字：“大风起兮云飞扬，威加海内兮归故乡。安得猛士兮守四方！”

24. "The ashes of the pit are still warm, and chaos reigns in Shandong; Liu and Xiang were never scholars in the first place." The eternal dream of the Qin Shi Huang, who burned the poems and books, was just beginning when it was abruptly halted amidst the roar of battle. Xiang Yu, with his mighty halberd, charged into Xianyang, and soon issued the melancholic lament, "My strength can move the mountains, but what can I do with the spirited horse that will not gallop? Yu, Yu, what can I do with you?" Meanwhile, his former comrade Liu Bang was already full of vigor and passion, exclaiming in his writings, "The great wind rises, the clouds sweep by, my might reaches across the seas, and I return to my hometown. Where can I find valiant men to guard the four quarters?"

25. 虽然，相比于与前朝，清朝的政治并非毫无可取之处，甚至在某种意义上也算得中规中矩。但是，与之同时代的西方诸国却正处于启蒙时代，工业革命更使之国力突飞猛进。而作为东方文明代表的中国，却仍然沿袭着自己的老路在踽踽独行，其挨打的命运已然注定。

25. Although the politics of the Qing Dynasty was not without its merits compared to the previous dynasties, and even in some sense it could be considered moderate, the Western countries of the same era were in the Enlightenment era, and the Industrial Revolution further propelled their rapid rise in national strength. Yet, as the representative of Eastern civilization, China still persisted in its old path, wandering alone, and its fate of being defeated had already been predetermined.

26. 公元1927年，阴历5月初三，再过两天就是端午节，伟大的爱国诗人屈原投身汨罗江的祭日，时隔2205年，又一位著名诗人、文学家、美学家、史学家、哲学家、古文字学家、考古学家，被誉为“中国近三百年来学术的结束人，最近八十年来学术的开创者”王国维先生纵身投向颐和园昆明湖，为自己《蝶恋花》里“最是人间留不住”做了一个悲壮的注脚。

26. In the year 1927, on the third day of the fifth lunar month, two days before the Dragon Boat Festival, a grand patriotic poet, Qu Yuan, drowned himself in the Miluo River. Two thousand two hundred and five years later, another famous poet, litterateur, aesthete, historian, philosopher, ancient text scholar, and archaeologist, Mr. Wang Guowei, who was hailed as "the end of academic pursuits in China in the past three centuries and the pioneer of academic endeavors in the last eighty years," plunged himself into the Kunming Lake of the Summer Palace, adding a tragic footnote to the line "The most unforgettable on earth" from his poem "Butterfly Lovers".

27. ▲宋太祖，名赵匡胤(公元927—976年)，后周殿前检点，在“陈桥兵变” 中被拥立为帝， 宋朝的开国皇帝。在位17年，病死，后人又怀疑为其弟赵匡义所害，终年50岁，葬干永昌陵(今河南省巩县西南堤东保)。

27.▲ Song Taizu, named Zhao Kuangyin (AD 927-976), was the Rear Prime Minister of the Later Zhou Dynasty. He was acclaimed as the emperor during the "Chenqiao Uprising" and became the founding emperor of the Song Dynasty. He reigned for 17 years, died of illness, and some later suspected that he was poisoned by his brother Zhao Kuangyi. He was 50 years old at the time of his death and was buried in the Ganyong Mausoleum (now in the southwest of Ding County, Henan Province).

28. 中国古代的很多帝王同时兼具文学家的特质，比如南唐后主李煜，“做个才人真绝代，可怜薄命做君王。”比如隋炀帝杨广，诗才俊逸，苍凉隽秀。比如宋徽宗，诗词说话皆是一绝。但北宋开国皇帝赵匡胤和大明开国皇帝朱元璋，都是典型的赳赳武夫，平时读书很少，也没有文学气质，尤其是朱元璋，在做皇帝之前，斗大的字不识几个，大半生都在南征北战。然后他们却合作写了一首气势磅礴的诗，千百年来，无人敢与之对垒。

28. Many ancient Chinese emperors possessed the traits of literary figures, such as Emperor Li Yu of Southern Tang, who wrote, "To be a literary genius is truly a generation, but it's a pity to have such a short life as a king." For instance, Emperor Yang Guang of the Sui Dynasty, whose poetic talent was outstanding and elegant. And Emperor Huizong of Song, whose poetry and oratory were both exceptional. However, Emperor Zhao Kuangyin, the founding emperor of the Northern Song Dynasty, and Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, were both typical martial warriors. They read very little in their daily lives and lacked a literary temperament, especially Zhu Yuanzhang, who knew very few characters before becoming an emperor, having spent most of his life fighting in the south and north. Nevertheless, they collaborated to write a poem of grandeur and might, which has remained unmatched for thousands of years.

29. “渡水复渡水，看花还看花。春风江上路，不觉到君家。”（高启《寻胡隐者》）

29. "Crossing water again to cross water, looking at flowers and still looking at flowers. With the spring breeze on the river road, I didn't realize I had arrived at your home." (Gao Qi, "In Search of Hu the Hermit")

30. “千锤万凿出深山，烈火焚烧若等闲。 粉身碎骨浑不怕，要留清白在人间。”于谦的《石灰吟》可以看作文人们在明朝的遭遇了。但同时也可看出，文人的骨气是不会轻易折断的，文人的精神更不会泯灭的。所以，纵然长歌当哭，诗的魂魄仍在，诗的精髓犹存。

30. "Through a thousand hammer blows from the deep mountain, fierce flames burn as if it were nothing.粉碎身躯不怕，只要在人间留下清白。" Yu Qian's "Ode to Lime" can be seen as a reflection of the plight of scholars during the Ming Dynasty. However, it also shows that the backbone of scholars is not easily broken, and their spirit will never be extinguished. Therefore, even if there is a long song to cry, the soul of poetry remains, and the essence of poetry still exists.

31. 赵匡胤虽是一员武将，却很喜爱读书，常手不释卷。他跟从周世宗平江淮(今淮河流域)时，有人向周世宗告密说，他用几辆车运载自己的私物，其中都是财宝。世宗派人去检查；车中却只有几千卷书籍。世宗问他： “你是武将，要书有什么用！”赵匡胤回答说：“我没有好的计谋贡献给陛下，只能多读些书以增加自己的见识。

31. Zhao Kuangyin, although a military general, had a great love for reading and often held books in his hands. When he followed Emperor Zhou Shizong to pacify the regions of Jianghuai (today's Huaihe River basin), someone reported to Emperor Zhou Shizong that Zhao was transporting his personal belongings with several carts, which were filled with treasures. Emperor Zhou sent people to inspect; however, the carts contained only several thousand scrolls of books. Emperor Zhou asked him, "As a military general, what use do you have for books?" Zhao Kuangyin replied, "I have no good strategies to offer to Your Majesty, so I can only read more books to broaden my knowledge."

32. 但众所周知，不管是赵匡胤还是朱元璋，最后都没有迁都成功。他们作为宋朝和明朝的开国皇帝，看待事情总比其他人长远，他们之所以考虑迁都，必定是看到了当时都城的弊端。既然他们都认为，迁都更利于国家发展，为何最后却都没有实现呢？

32. But as is well known, both Zhao Kuangyin and Zhu Yuanzhang did not succeed in relocating the capital in the end. As the founding emperors of the Song and Ming dynasties, they always had a longer-term perspective on things than others. It must be that they saw the disadvantages of the capital at the time when they considered relocating it. Since both of them believed that relocating the capital would be more beneficial for the development of the country, why did neither of them manage to achieve it in the end?

33. “阅尽天涯离别苦，不道归来，零落花如许。花底相看无一语，绿窗春与天俱暮。待把相思灯下诉，一缕新欢，旧恨千千缕。最是人间留不住，朱颜辞镜花辞树。”

33. "Having endured the bitterness of separation from afar, I didn't realize upon my return how the flowers had withered so. Below the flowers, we looked at each other with no words, the spring green window and the sky growing dusk together. I wait to pour out my longing under the lamp, a thread of new joy, a thousand threads of old resentment. Most things in the world are fleeting, the red cheeks part from the mirror, the flowers part from the trees."

34. 因此，为了保卫都城，宋朝就必须囤积大量的军队。如此一来，在没有战争的时候，国家就会出现多余的兵 ，也就增加了财政负担，不利于宋朝发展。反之，洛阳坐拥山水之险，易守难攻，便能很好解决这个问题。

34. Therefore, in order to defend the capital city, the Song Dynasty had to stockpile a large number of troops. As a result, without any war, the country would have an excess of soldiers, which would increase the financial burden and be unfavorable for the development of the Song Dynasty. On the contrary, Luoyang, with its advantage of being surrounded by mountains and rivers, is easy to defend and difficult to attack, which can effectively solve this problem.

35. “东南形胜，三吴都会，钱塘自古繁华。烟柳画桥，风帘翠幕，参差十万人家……有三秋桂子，十里荷花。”北宋杭州的秀丽多姿、富庶繁华在柳永的笔下娓娓道来。据说金国皇帝完颜亮读罢，“遂起投鞭渡江、立马吴山之志”。繁华盛极竟惹得人垂涎，可见“江山如此多娇，引无数英雄竞折腰”了。

35. "Southeast of the city, a land of beauty and three Jiu states, Qiantang has always been prosperous. Misty willow trees and painted bridges, wind-swept green curtains, rows of ten thousand households... There are osmanthus blossoms in autumn, and lotus flowers for ten miles." The beautiful and prosperous landscape of Hangzhou in the Northern Song Dynasty was described vividly by Liu Yong. It is said that after the Emperor of the Jin Dynasty, Wan Yanliang, finished reading it, he was inspired to "cross the river with a whip in hand and immediately establish a base on Wu Mountain." The prosperity reached its peak, even causing envy, which is why it is said, "The land is so beautiful, attracting countless heroes to bow down in admiration."

36. 赵匡胤在陈桥兵变后回师进入汴京皇宫时，见宫妃抱着一个婴儿，就问是谁的儿子。回答说是周世宗子。当时，范质、赵普、潘美都在一旁，赵匡胤问他们怎么处理。赵普等回答说：“应该除去，以免后患。”赵匡胤说：“我接人之位，再要杀人之子，我不忍心。”就把这婴儿送给潘美抚养，以后也没再问起过，潘美也一直没有向太祖提起这婴儿。这婴儿成人后，取名惟吉，官至刺史。

36. After the Chenqiao Uprising, Zhao Kuangyin returned to the capital of Bianjing and entered the palace. He saw a palace consort holding a baby and asked who the child was. The reply was that it was the son of Emperor Zhou. At that time, Fan Zhi, Zhao Pu, and Pan Mei were standing by. Zhao Kuangyin asked them how to handle the situation. Zhao Pu and the others replied, "It should be eliminated to prevent future trouble." Zhao Kuangyin said, "Since I have taken the throne, I cannot bear to kill the son of another." He then gave the baby to Pan Mei to raise. He never mentioned the baby again, and Pan Mei never brought it up to the Great Emperor. The child grew up and was named Weiji, eventually serving as a刺史 (commander of a military district).

37. 我们可能从这首诗里学不到写诗的技巧，也感受不到惊艳的美学，但可以学到为民请命的担当和舍我其谁的自信，汲取不惧风雨，勇往前行的力量！

37. We may not learn the技巧 of poetry writing or feel the stunning aesthetics from this poem, but we can learn the responsibility of advocating for the people and the confidence of not considering oneself as anyone else. We can draw the strength to fearlessly face storms and bravely move forward!

38. “枯藤老树昏鸦，小桥流水人家。古道西风瘦马。 夕阳西下， 断肠人在天涯。” 马致远的《天净沙》被誉为秋思之祖，其萧瑟凄清，惆怅寂寥之情令人潸然泪下。

38. "Withered vines, old trees, and crows in the dusk; a small bridge, flowing water, and a house. On the ancient path, a thin horse in the westerly wind. The sunset is sinking in the west, and the heartbroken one is far, far away." Ma Zhiyuan's "Tian Jing Sha" is hailed as the ancestor of autumnal thoughts, its desolate and melancholic emotion moving people to tears.

39. “黄河水绕汉边墙，河上秋风雁几行。客子过濠追野马，将军弢箭射天狼。黄尘古渡迷飞挽，白日横空冷战常，闻道朔方多勇略，只今谁是郭汾阳。”（李梦阳《秋望》）

39. "The Yellow River winds around the Han border wall, with the autumn wind carrying several flocks of geese over the river. The traveler chases wild horses across the moat, while the general nocks an arrow to shoot at the celestial wolf. Amidst the ancient ford, the yellow dust bewilders the flying carriage, and the sun hangs across the sky, bringing a constant chill. I've heard that the northern regions are full of bravery and strategy, but who among us is now like Guo Fengyang?" (Li Mengyang, "Autumn Gazing")

40. “九州生气恃风雷， 万马齐喑究可哀。 我劝天公重抖擞， 不拘一格降人才。”龚自珍的呐喊，足以天动地揺，振聋发聩。

40. "The nine regions of the country rely on wind and thunder to revitalize, yet when all horses are silent, it is truly a cause for sorrow. I advise the celestial ruler to shake off complacency and not restrict the ways to attract talent." Gong Zizhen's呐喊 is enough to shake the heavens and the earth, to awaken the deaf, and to stir the senses.

41. “红楼归晚，看足柳昏花暝。应自栖香正稳，便忘了、天涯芳信。愁损翠黛双蛾，日日画阑独凭。”史达祖的孤独也是很多人的孤独。

41. "The Red Tower returns late at night, watching the willows and flowers grow dim. One should have settled in the fragrant abode, forgetting about the distant fragrant letter. The sorrow has damaged the twin green eyebrows, day by day leaning alone against the painted railing." Shi Dazhu's loneliness is also the loneliness of many.

42. 他们都是自己那个时代特别强大的人，拥有着太阳一样的能量和本事，所以自己一旦出现，就可以驱逐黑暗，就能够鼎定乾坤，就可以用大一统的和平之光照亮天下万民。

42. They were all particularly powerful individuals of their own era, possessing the energy and prowess of the sun. Therefore, once they appeared, they could drive away darkness, could stabilize the world, and could illuminate all the people of the world with the peaceful light of unity and harmony.

43. 首先我们来看看赵匡胤这边。在赵匡胤眼中，开封有很多优点，比如这里是被黄河保护的地方，适合挖渠通向各个地方，有利于保持中央与地方的距离，交通极为便利。另外城高池深，城内建筑规整，道路宽阔，极有皇都气派。最后，后梁、后晋、后汉、后周等政权，曾经都与开封有着密不可分的联系。

43. Firstly, let's take a look at Zhao Kuangyin's perspective. In Zhao Kuangyin's eyes, Kaifeng has many advantages, such as being protected by the Yellow River, which is suitable for digging canals to lead to various places,有利于 maintaining a distance between the central government and local regions, and transportation is extremely convenient. In addition, the city walls are high and the moats deep, the buildings within the city are well-organized, the roads are wide, and it exudes a strong atmosphere of an imperial capital. Lastly, the regimes of the Later Liang, Later Jin, Later Han, and Later Zhou, among others, all had an inextricable connection with Kaifeng.

44. “春归何处？寂寞无行路。若有人知春去处，唤取归来同住。”惜春之痴情令人感动。

44. "Where does spring return? There is only solitude without a path. If anyone knows where spring has gone, call it back to live with us together." The devoted longing for spring is touching.

45. 大家之所以会反对，理由有很多种，比如有的人认为，洛阳经历战乱，很多城市处于破旧的状态，经济严重落后，交通也十分不便，实在不适合作为一国之都城。

45. There are many reasons why people oppose it, such as the fact that some believe that Luoyang has experienced war and chaos, with many cities in a dilapidated state,严重的经济落后, and transportation being very inconvenient, making it really unsuitable as the capital of a country.

46. 赵匡胤器量宽宏，不以杀戮服人。有一次，他设宴招待群臣。其中有一个翰林学士，名叫王著，原是后周的臣子，这时喝醉了酒，思念故主，当众喧哗起来。群臣大惊，都为他捏一把汗。太祖却毫不怪罪，命人将他扶出去休息。王著不肯出去，掩在屏风后面大声痛哭，好容易才被左右搀扶出去。第二天，有人上奏说王著当众大哭，思念周世宗，应当严惩。太祖说：“他喝醉了。在世宗时，我和他同朝为臣，熟悉他的脾气。他一个书生，哭哭故主，也不会出什么大问题，让他去吧。”

46. Zhao Kuangyin had a magnanimous character and did not use violence to subdue others. Once, he hosted a banquet for his ministers. Among them was a Hanlin scholar named Wang Zhe, who was originally a minister of the Later Zhou Dynasty. At this time, he was drunk and missed his former ruler, and he started making a loud noise in public. The ministers were greatly惊, and everyone was worried about him. However, Taizu was not at all angry and ordered someone to help him leave and rest. Wang Zhe refused to leave and hid behind a screen, crying loudly, and it was not easy to get him out. The next day, someone submitted a memorial stating that Wang Zhe cried loudly in public, missing Emperor Zhou Shizong, and should be severely punished. Taizu said, "He was drunk. During the reign of Emperor Shizong, I was a minister in the same court as him, and I was familiar with his temperament. He is a scholar and crying for his former ruler will not cause any major problem, let him go."

47. 洪武二十七年（1394年），朱元璋杀江夏侯周德兴，以及杀颖国公傅友德，与他同时被杀的还有蓝玉的副将，在捕鱼儿海战役中立功的定远侯王弼，是开国六公爵最后一位仅存者（？有问题，请核实）。蓝玉死后不久，定远侯王弼就对傅友德说：“帝晚岁峻诛杀，我辈几无噍类矣”，朱元璋知悉后，赐死王弼。至此，明朝的开国功臣几乎被杀尽，开国六公爵除了邓愈外，可以说无一善终。这时朱元璋说：“自今胡党蓝党概赦不问。”朱元璋晚年嗜杀，大臣们祇要观察皇帝当日临朝的穿戴，即悉皇帝心情好不好，“太祖视朝，若举带当胸，则是日诛夷盖寡，若按而下之，则倾朝无人色矣。”[1]

47. In the 27th year of the Hongwu era (1394), Zhu Yuanzhang killed Zhou Dexing, the Marquis of Jiangxia, and Fu Youde, the Marquis of Yingguo. Among those killed at the same time were Lan Yu's deputy, the Marquis of Dingyuan Wang Bi, who had distinguished himself in the Battle of Buyu'erhai, and he was the last surviving of the six marquises who contributed to the founding of the dynasty (There is a problem here, please verify). Not long after Lan Yu's death, Marquis Wang Bi said to Fu Youde, "The emperor has been harsh in his late years, and we are almost all extinct." Upon learning this, Zhu Yuanzhang ordered Wang Bi to commit suicide. From then on, almost all of the founding officials of the Ming Dynasty were killed, and except for Deng Yu, none of the six marquises had a good end. At this time, Zhu Yuanzhang said, "From now on, the Hu party and the Lan Yu party are all forgiven and not to be questioned." Zhu Yuanzhang was fond of killing in his later years. The ministers only had to observe the emperor's attire when he appeared at court to know his mood, "When the Great太祖 attends court, if he raises his belt to his chest, it means that day there will be few executions, but if he lowers it, then the entire court will lose its color." [1]

48. “斜髻娇娥夜卧迟。梨花风静鸟栖枝。难将心事和人说。说与青天明月知。”（唐寅《美人对月》）

48. "The graceful maiden lies late, with slanted hair, in the night. The pear blossoms are still, birds roost on the branches. It's hard to share my heartache with another, for only the clear sky and the bright moon know." (Tang Yin, "Beauty Admiring the Moon")

49. 而除了赵匡胤之外，还有一位开国皇帝，曾经想过要迁都，那就是朱元璋。

49. Besides Zhao Kuangyin, there was another founding emperor who had once thought about moving the capital, that was Zhu Yuanzhang.

50. “一曲新词酒一杯，去年天气旧亭台。夕阳西下几时回。无可奈何花落去，似曾相识燕归来，小园香径独徘徊。”晏殊的《浣溪沙》可以看成是对当时优雅闲适生活的叙述。

50. "A new song, a cup of wine, the old pavilion of last year's weather. When will the setting sun return? In vain, the flowers fall, the swallows return as if I've seen them before, alone wandering in the fragrant path of the small garden." Yan Shuhui's "Washing Sand" can be seen as a description of the elegant and leisurely life of that time.

51. 如果站在文学的立场，这首诗充其量只是一首打油诗，让它蕴藏的气象，气魄，气势，却有雷霆万钧之力，汪洋恣肆之态，手握风雷之威，是英雄的自信，豪杰的自强，强人的蓬勃与葳蕤。

51. From a literary perspective, this poem is at most a mere doggerel. Yet, it contains an aura, grandeur, and气势 that possess the force of thunder and lightning, the unrestricted demeanor of the boundless ocean, and the awe-inspiring power of grasping the thunder and the storm. It embodies the confidence of a hero, the self-reliance of a hero, and the vigorous and lush vitality of a strong person.

52. “人皆嫌命窘，谁不见钱亲？水晶环入面糊盆，才沾粘便滚。文章糊了盛钱囤，门庭改做迷魂阵，清廉贬入睡馄饨，葫芦提倒稳。”张可久的《醉太平·叹世》入木三分地刻画出一个病态社会的腐败风气。繁荣一时的元朝很快地走到历史的尽头。真乃“其兴也勃焉，其亡也忽焉”！

52. "Everyone complains about their fate being confined, who doesn't see money as their closest friend? A crystal ring dropped into a sticky pot, and it rolls away as soon as it touches. Articles are glued to form money heaps, the gate is transformed into a maze, integrity is belittled into sleep dumplings, and the gourd is upturned, yet it's stable." Zhang Kebao's "Drunk on Peacefulness - Lamenting the World" vividly depicts the corrupt atmosphere of a sick society. The prosperous Yuan Dynasty quickly reached the end of history. Truly, "its rise was vigorous, and its fall was sudden!"

53. 不过，谋事在人成事在天，天下尚未统一，却祸起萧墙。“煮豆燃豆萁，豆在釜中泣。本是同根生，相煎何太急！”同为建安七子的两个儿子却不能和平共处，若曹操地下有知，恐也不会安心吧。

53. However, the planning is in the hands of man, but the outcome is in the hands of heaven. The world has not yet been unified, and yet disaster has arisen from within the walls. "Boil the beans with the bean chaff, the beans cry in the pot. They are from the same root, why be so urgent in boiling each other?" The two sons of the two sons of the Seven Sages of the Jian'an era could not coexist peacefully. If Cao Cao were to know about this from the grave, he might not be at ease either.

54. “孤村落日残霞，轻烟老树寒鸦，一点飞鸿影下。青山绿水， 白草红叶黄花。”

54. "In a solitary village, the setting sun casts a remaining glow, thin smoke rises from ancient trees, and a solitary crow perches. Below, a lone wild goose leaves a fleeting shadow. Green hills and clear waters, white grass, red leaves, and yellow flowers."

55. 为了让盛唐华章结尾不至于太突然，被称为“小李杜”的李商隐、杜牧共同演绎了一段华美的乐章。“远上寒山石径斜，白云生处有人家。停车坐爱枫林晚，霜叶红于二月花。”秋意阑珊，夕阳西下，火红的枫叶竟呈现出一片生机勃勃的景象。“鸟去鸟来山色里，人歌人哭水声中。深秋帘幕千家雨，落日楼台一笛风。”历史变迁，人世沧桑，悲欢离合，一声叹息。

55. To prevent the conclusion of the magnificent chapter of the Great Tang Dynasty from being too abrupt, Li Shangyin and Du Mu, collectively known as the "Young Li and Du," jointly performed a beautiful musical piece. "Far up on the cold mountain, the path winds steeply; there are homes where the white clouds gather. Stopping to appreciate the beauty of the maple forest at dusk, the frost-covered leaves are redder than the flowers in February." As the autumn wanes, the sun sets in the west, and the fiery maple leaves present a scene full of vitality. "Birds come and go in the mountain colors, people sing and weep in the sound of the water. In the late autumn, there are rain curtains over a thousand households, and a笛 breeze blows over the sun-setting towers." With the changes of history, the vicissitudes of life, joys and sorrows, and separations and unions, there is a sigh.

56. 还有一次，赵匡胤乘驾出宫。经过大溪桥时，突然飞来一支冷箭，射中黄龙旗。禁卫军都大惊失色，太祖却拍着胸膛说：“谢谢他教我箭法。”不准禁卫去搜捕射箭者。以后果然也就没事了。

56. Another time, Zhao Kuangyin rode out of the palace. As he passed by the Da Xi Bridge, a cold arrow suddenly flew and hit the Huanglong flag. The guards were all terrified, but the Great Emperor pounded his chest and said, "Thank him for teaching me archery skills." He forbade the guards from searching for the archer. Indeed, nothing happened thereafter.

57. 滚滚长江东逝水，浪花淘尽英雄。是非成败转头空。青山依旧在，几度夕阳红。白发渔樵江渚上，惯看秋月春风。一壶浊酒喜相逢。古今多少事，都付笑谈中。（杨慎《临江仙》）

57. The mighty Yangtze River flows eastward, washing away heroes with its waves. Right and wrong, success and failure turn to emptiness. The green mountains remain the same, witnessing several red sunsets. White-haired fisherman and woodcutters on the riverbank are accustomed to watching the autumn moon and the spring breeze. With a cup of turbid wine, I am glad to meet. Through the ages, countless things are all left to laughter and talk. (Yang Shen, "Liangjiang Xian")

58. “歌起处，斜日半江红。柔绿篙添梅子雨，淡黄衫耐藕丝风。家在五湖东。”（王世贞《忆江南》）

58. "Where the song begins, the slanting sun paints half the river red. The tender green bamboo adds to the rain of plums, and the light yellow robe endures the lotus silk wind. Home is in the east of the Five Lakes." (Wang Shizhen, "Memories of the South of the Yangtze")

59. 徐炫感觉自己的国家受到侮辱，非常生气，回怼道：您这么大的口气，不妨也写一首看看。

59. Xu Xuan felt that his country was insulted and was very angry, retorting: "You have such a big attitude, why not also write a poem and see?"

60. 欢娱嫌短，繁华有尽。盛世年华转瞬成过眼云烟。“天不仁兮降乱离，地不仁兮使我逢此时。干戈日寻兮道路危，民卒流亡兮共哀悲” 。蔡文姬在《胡笳十八拍》里道出了多少离乱人的悲苦！

60. Joy and entertainment seem too short, and prosperity has its end. The prime of a great era turns into a fleeting mist in an instant. "Heaven is unkind and sends chaos and separation, the earth is unkind and makes me meet this time. Arms and weapons are sought every day, and the roads are dangerous; the people are flowing away and weeping together." Cai Wenji expressed the sorrow of many separated people in her "Eighteen Beats of the Huqin."

61. “孤鸿号外野，翔鸟鸣北林。徘徊何所见，忧思独伤心”，“习习笼中鸟，举翮触四隅。落落穷巷士，抱影守空庐”。独特的行为方式为后人留下了一段绚丽的“魏晋风度”。

61. "Alone in the wild, a solitary wild goose soars, birds sing in the northern forest. Wandering with what can be seen, sorrow and contemplation alone hurt the heart," "A fluttering bird in a cage, lifting its wings, it touches all four corners. A lonely man in a narrow alley, embracing his shadow, guarding an empty house." The unique way of behavior has left behind a splendid "Wei and Jin style" for later generations.

62. “一剑横空星斗寒，甫随平北复征蛮。他年觅得封侯印，愿学幽人住此山。”（戚继光《题武夷》）

62. "A sword cuts through the sky, the stars shiver, just followed by campaigns to pacify the north and the south. In the future, if I find the seal of a marquis, I wish to learn from the reclusive people and live on this mountain." (Qi Jiguang, "Title of Wuyi")

63. 陈桥驿在陈桥和封邱(均在今河南省开封市东北处)之间。赵匡胤兵变时，陈桥守门官闭门防守，不放赵匡胤军通过。赵匡胤只得转道封邱，封邱守门官马上开门放行。赵匡胤即帝位后，反而晋升了陈桥守门官的官职，称赞他忠于职守，并斥责封邱守门官临危失职，将他斩首。

63. The Chenqiao Pass is located between Chenqiao and Fengqi (both in the northeast of Kaifeng City, Henan Province today). During the military mutiny led by Zhao Kuangyin, the gatekeeper at Chenqiao Pass closed the gates for defense and did not allow Zhao Kuangyin's troops to pass through. Zhao Kuangyin had to take a detour to Fengqi, where the gatekeeper immediately opened the gates to let them pass. After Zhao Kuangyin ascended the throne, he反而 promoted the gatekeeper of Chenqiao Pass, praising him for his loyalty to his duty, and blamed the gatekeeper of Fengqi for failing to perform his duties in a crisis, executing him by beheading.

64. 在唐代诗歌熠熠生辉的灿烂星空中，李白、杜甫的横空出世让整个天宇为之一亮。唐诗也步入了其盛世年华。

64. In the resplendent galaxy of Tang Dynasty poetry, the emergence of Li Bai and Du Fu illuminated the entire cosmos, shining brightly. Tang poetry also entered its heyday.

65. 赵匡胤用人不问资历。他一方面命令臣下要注意选拔有才能而缺少资历的人担当重任；另一方面，他自己也随时留心内外百官，见谁有什么长处和才能，他都暗暗地记在本子上。每当官位出缺，他就翻阅本子，选用适当的人去担任。这又使臣下都致力于提高自己。

65. Zhao Kuangyin did not discriminate against people based on their seniority. On one hand, he ordered his subordinates to pay attention to selecting individuals with talent but lacking seniority to take on important responsibilities; on the other hand, he himself was always attentive to the abilities and strengths of all officials inside and outside the court. Whenever a position was vacant, he would go through his notebook, selecting the appropriate person to fill the role. This also motivated his subordinates to strive for self-improvement.

66. “文章憎命达，魑魅喜人过。”杜甫之诗，既是对李白生平的感慨，也是自己坎坷经历的写照。对于诗中圣手和诗坛谪仙的二人来说，写诗并非他们的主要理想。与中国普遍的知识分子一样，修身齐家治国平天下才是他们的主要追求。“致君尧舜上，再使风俗淳。”“会当凌绝顶，一览众山小。”沉郁顿挫、忧国忧民的杜甫如此。“如逢渭川猎，犹可帝王师。”“仰天大笑出门去，我辈岂是蓬蒿人。”俊秀飘逸，想象瑰奇的李白也是如此。只是，命运不济，杜甫终身都在颠沛流离。“布衾多年冷似铁，娇儿恶卧踏里裂。 床头屋漏无干处，雨脚如麻未断绝。”纵然如此，“安得广厦千万间，大庇天下寒士俱欢颜，风雨不动安如山！ 呜呼，何时眼前突兀见此屋，吾庐独破受冻死亦足！”其境可哀，其情可敬。而李白虽能得获天恩，其咄咄逼人的才气和狂放不羁的个性却让他招致谤议。让杨国忠磨墨，高力士脱靴虽传为佳话，更犯了官场大忌。最后不得不痛吟：“欲渡黄河冰塞川，将登太行雪满山，闲来垂钓碧溪上，忽复乘舟梦日边。行路难，行路难，多歧路，今安在？”

66. "Literature resents a life that flourishes, the demons delight in a person's misfortune." Du Fu's poetry, on the one hand, is a reflection on Li Bai's life, and on the other hand, a depiction of his own troubled experiences. For the two masters of poetry and the immortals of the poetic realm, poetry was not their main ideal. Like most common Chinese intellectuals, their main pursuit was to cultivate themselves, manage their families, govern the state, and bring peace to the world. "To raise the emperor to the level of Yao and Shun, and to make the customs pure again." "I will certainly scale the summit and look down upon all the mountains." The melancholic and thoughtful Du Fu was like this. "If I were to encounter the hunting on the Wei River, I could still be a teacher to the emperor." "Laughing to the heavens, I go out of the door, are we not people of the bramble?" The handsome and elegant, imaginative and fantastic Li Bai was also like this. However, fate was not kind to him, and Du Fu spent his whole life in turmoil and displacement. "The bed sheet has been cold for many years, like iron, and the little daughter's bad lying has torn the inside. The bed is leaking at the head of the house, there is no dry place, and the rain is falling like hemp and has not stopped yet." Even so, "How can I get a thousand houses to provide shelter for the poor scholars of the world, so that they can all be joyful, and be as stable as a mountain in the face of wind and rain! Alas, when will I see such a house in front of my eyes, and even if my own house collapses and I freeze to death, it is enough!" The situation is pitiful, and the feelings are admirable. While Li Bai could receive the grace of heaven, his overwhelming talent and rebellious personality brought him much slander. It was even taboo for him to make Yang Guozhong grind ink and Gao Lishi take off his shoes, which was even more taboo in the officialdom. Finally, he had to sigh with pain: "It's hard to cross the Yellow River, where the ice blocks the riverbed, and it's hard to climb the Taihang Mountains, where the snow is piled high. In my leisure time, I fish by the clear stream, and suddenly dream of sailing a boat to the sun's edge. The road is hard, the road is hard, there are many paths, but where is it now?"

67. 然而，赵匡胤却认为，开封有个致命的缺点，便是没有防御的地势，也就是易攻难守。特别是没有保护的幽云十六州，则是更加危险，所以他认为迁都是很有必要的。可是当他提出来的时候，却遭到群臣的反对。

67. However, Zhao Kuangyin believed that Kaifeng had a致命 flaw, which was the lack of defensive terrain, meaning it was easy to attack and difficult to defend. Especially the Youyun sixteen states, which were unprotected, posed even greater danger, so he thought it was necessary to move the capital. But when he proposed it, it was opposed by the ministers.

68. 不过，幸好他们的政治才华没有被充分利用，否则，也许中国的官场上多了两个平庸官吏，诗坛上却少了两颗璀璨夺目的巨星。

68. However, fortunately, their political talent was not fully utilized; otherwise, perhaps there would have been two mediocre officials added to China's officialdom, while the poetry scene would have been missing two dazzling stars.