在奔向卓越的道路上，三大标志照亮个人成长的鲜明信条。让我们揭开这神秘面纱的一角，探寻那些引领我们前行的力量。

On the path to excellence, three hallmarks illuminate the vivid tenets of personal growth. Let us lift the corner of this mysterious veil and explore the forces that guide us forward.

1. 广义相对论又在广义协变的基础上，通过等效原理，建立了局域惯性长与普遍参照系数之间的关系，得到了所有物理规律的广义协变形式，并建立了广义协变的引力理论，而牛顿引力理论只是它的一级近似。

1. The general theory of relativity, based on the principle of general covariance, establishes a relationship between local inertial length and general reference coefficients through the equivalence principle. It derives the general covariant form of all physical laws and establishes the general covariant theory of gravity, while Newton's theory of gravity is just a first-order approximation of it.

2. 回答：根据中国政府的申博承诺，2010年上海世博会预计参展的国家和国际组织将达到200个，创下世博会的历史之最。

2. Answer: According to the bid commitment of the Chinese government, it is expected that the 2010 Shanghai World Expo will see participation from 200 countries and international organizations, setting a new record in the history of the World Expos.

3. 美国有一位摩西奶奶，76岁开始学习画画，数年后，她成功举办画展，她的画作得到很多人的认可。《时代》杂志也因此把她评为封面人物。

3. There is a grandmother named Moses in the United States who started learning to paint at the age of 76. Several years later, she successfully held an art exhibition, and her paintings were recognized by many people. As a result, "Time" magazine also named her as its cover story.

4. 另一次经历给他的印象也很深刻。在上学几年后，他领到一本欧几里德几何学课本，书中论证得无可置疑的许多公理，使他产生了强烈的好奇心，以至于无法按照课程进度学习，而是一口气就将它学完。

4. Another experience also left a deep impression on him. After several years of school, he received a Euclidean geometry textbook, which contained numerous axioms argued with irrefutable evidence. This sparked a strong curiosity in him, to the extent that he could not follow the curriculum's pace and instead finished the entire book at once.

5. 狭义相对论在狭义相对性原理的基础上统一了牛顿力学和麦克斯韦电动力学两个体系，指出它们都服从狭义相对性原理，都是对洛伦兹变换协变的，牛顿力学只不过是物体在低速运动下很好的近似规律。

5. The Special Theory of Relativity unified the two systems of Newtonian mechanics and Maxwell's electrodynamics on the basis of the Special Relativity Principle, pointing out that both of them are subject to the Special Relativity Principle and are covariant under the Lorentz transformations. Newtonian mechanics is merely a good approximation to the laws of motion for objects in low-speed motion.

6. 回答：世博会的理念是理解、沟通、欢聚、合作。

6. Answer: The concept of the World Expo is understanding, communication, gathering, and cooperation.

7. 回答：世博会起源于中世纪欧洲商人的定期集市。

Answer: The World Expo originated from the regular markets held by medieval European merchants.

8. 一个人不堪人事烦恼，到高僧那里请教解脱之法。高僧把一把盐放进水杯，让那人喝下去。那人喝了几口，不能下腹。高僧又在池塘里放了同样一把盐，再舀一瓢水让那人喝，那人仰脖喝干，一点咸味也没有。

8. A person, overwhelmed by the烦恼 of life's troubles, seeks the way to liberation from a great monk. The monk puts a handful of salt into a cup of water and asks the person to drink it. After drinking a few sips, the person is unable to swallow it. The monk then puts the same handful of salt into a pond, and scoops a ladle of water for the person to drink. The person drinks it all down without any taste of salt.

9. 回答：上海世博会的园区规划用地范围为528平方公里，其中围栏区，也就是收取门票的范围约328平方公里，展馆总建筑面积约为85万平方米。

Answer: The planning area of the Shanghai World Expo site covers 528 square kilometers, of which the enclosed area, which is the area requiring admission tickets, is about 328 square kilometers, and the total floor area of the exhibition pavilions is approximately 850,000 square meters.

10. 回答：《国际展览公约》主要是为了规范世博会的管理而制定的。

Answer: The "International Exposition Convention" is primarily formulated to regulate the management of world expositions.

11. 天道酬勤，命运一定会给予你相应的馈赠。

11. "Hard work pays off, and fate will definitely bestow the corresponding rewards upon you."

12. 如果你有这三个表现，说明你正在变得优秀。

12. If you exhibit these three behaviors, it indicates that you are becoming excellent.

13. 回答：第一届世博会被称为“万国工业产品博览会”（The Great Exhibition of the Works of Industry of All Nations）。因为这是第一次突破了国别界限，邀请其他国家一同参展，把展览从国内扩大到国际，因此被称为“万国博览会”。

Answer: The first World Expo was known as "The Great Exhibition of the Works of Industry of All Nations." This is because it was the first time that national boundaries were broken and other countries were invited to participate, expanding the exhibition from a domestic to an international scale, hence the name "The Great Exhibition of All Nations."

14. 回答：截止2008年2月底，国际展览局有140个成员国。

Answer: As of the end of February 2008, the Bureau of International Expositions has 140 member countries.

15. 回答：世博会的全称是世界博览会，它是由一个国家的政府主办、多个国家或国际组织参加的国际性大型博览会，称得上是世界上最高级别的展览活动。

15. Answer: The full name of the World Expo is the World's Fair. It is an international large-scale exposition hosted by the government of a country and attended by multiple countries or international organizations, and it can be regarded as the highest-level exhibition event in the world.

16. 答：世博会具有深刻而有意义的主题，是一场促进人类文明进步的全球盛会。

16. Answer: The World Expo has a profound and meaningful theme and is a global event that promotes the progress of human civilization.

17. 15世博会百余年的发展大致经历了怎样的过程？

17. How did the development of the 15th World Exposition over the past century and a half roughly go through?

18. 回答：对于主办国而言，通过举办世博会能提高国际地位和影响，并为本国带来不可估量的发展机遇。

Answer: For the host country, hosting the World Expo can enhance its international status and influence, and bring immeasurable development opportunities to the country.

19. 回答：中国2010年上海世博会是中国主办、上海承办的。申办世博会是国家行为，而不是一个城市的行为。

Answer: The 2010 Shanghai World Expo was hosted by China and organized by Shanghai. Applying to host the World Expo is a national act, not an act of a city.

20. 回答：世博会的历史比奥运会的历史要早45年。

Answer: The history of the World Expo predates that of the Olympics by 45 years.

21. 这就从根本上解决了以前物理学只限于惯性系的问题，从逻辑上得到了合理的安排。相对论严格地考察了时间、空间、物质和运动这些物理学的基本概念，给出了科学而系统的时空观和物质观，从而使物理学在逻辑上成为完美的科学体系。

21. This fundamentally solves the problem that physics was previously limited to inertial systems, and it is logically arranged in a reasonable manner. Relativity strictly examines the basic concepts of physics such as time, space, matter, and motion, providing a scientific and systematic view of spacetime and matter, thereby making physics logically a perfect scientific system.

22. 相对性原理已经在力学中被广泛证明，却在电动力学中却无法成立，对于物理学这两个理论体系在逻辑上的不一致，爱因斯坦提出了怀疑。他认为，相对论原理应该普遍成立，因此电磁理论对于各个惯性系应该具有同样的形式，但在这里出现了光速的问题。

22. The principle of relativity has been widely proven in mechanics but cannot be established in electrodynamics. Regarding the logical inconsistency between these two theoretical systems in physics, Einstein raised doubts. He believed that the principle of relativity should be universally applicable, and thus the electromagnetic theory should have the same form for all inertial frames, but the issue of the speed of light arises here.

23. 原来爱因斯坦想清楚了一件事：时间没有绝对的定义，时间与光信号的速度有一种不可分割的联系。他找到了开锁的钥匙，经过五个星期的努力工作，爱因斯坦把狭义相对论呈现在人们面前。

23. Einstein had a clear realization: time does not have an absolute definition, and time is inseparably linked to the speed of light signals. He found the key to unlock the door, and after five weeks of arduous work, Einstein presented the Special Theory of Relativity to the world.

24. 回答：参展国家数量最多的是2000年德国汉诺威世博会。

24. Answer: The fair with the most participating countries was the 2000 Hanover Expo in Germany.

25. 17哪一届世博会首次以主题为核心进行展示？

25. Which World Expo was the first to be showcased with a theme as its core?

26. 回答：上海世博会将于2010年5月1日至10月31日举办。

Answer: The Shanghai World Expo will be held from May 1st to October 31st, 2010.

27. 没有人甘于平庸，愿意在鸡毛蒜皮、琐屑繁冗的生活里，不声不响地过完自己的一生。

27. No one is content with mediocrity and willing to spend their entire life in silence, immersed in the trivial and mundane details of life.

28. 回答：曾经举办过世博会的国家有英国、法国、美国、德国、比利时、加拿大、日本、澳大利亚、西班牙、意大利、韩国、葡萄牙等。

Answer: The countries that have hosted the World Exposition include the United Kingdom, France, the United States, Germany, Belgium, Canada, Japan, Australia, Spain, Italy, South Korea, and Portugal, among others.

29. 任何生命的辉煌，都是一个个踏实的当下连接而成的未来。没有即刻就起的努力，没有持之以恒的“当下”的积累，成功永远像天边的地平线一样遥远。

29. The brilliance of any life is formed by the solid connections of the present moment to the future. Without immediate efforts and without the persistent accumulation of the "present," success will always remain as distant as the horizon in the sky.

30. 回答：1933年美国芝加哥世博会是首次以主题为核心进行展示的世博会，这一创举引领了此后世博会数十年的发展。

Answer: The 1933 World's Fair in Chicago, USA, was the first World's Fair to be centered around a theme, which initiated a trend that influenced the development of World's Fairs for several decades thereafter.

31. 回答：世博会现场的活动主要有正式庆典活动、文艺汇演活动、文化交流活动等。

31. Answer: The activities at the World Expo site mainly include formal ceremonies, cultural and artistic performances, and cultural exchange activities.

32. 在爱因斯坦上学之前，他父亲给了他一个罗盘（指北针），罗盘的指针总要指着南北极，使小爱因斯坦研究和着迷了很久，直到成年，他都还记得这件使他印象深刻的事。

32. Before Einstein went to school, his father gave him a compass (a magnetic needle that points to the North Pole), and the needle of the compass always pointed to the North and South Poles, which fascinated young Einstein and kept him engrossed in research for a long time. Even into adulthood, he still remembered this impressive event.

33. 回答：最早一届世博会是1851年在英国伦敦举办的。

33. Answer: The earliest World Expo was held in 1851 in London, United Kingdom.

34. 光速是不变的量还是可变的量，成为相对性原理是否普遍成立的首要问题。当时的物理学家一般都相信以太，也就是相信存在着绝对参照系，这是受到牛顿的绝对空间概念的影响。19世纪末，马赫在所著的《发展中的力学》中，批判了牛顿的绝对时空观，这给爱因斯坦留下了深刻的印象。

34. Whether the speed of light is a constant or a variable quantity has become the primary question for whether the principle of relativity is universally applicable. At that time, physicists generally believed in the existence of the ether, which means they believed in the existence of an absolute reference frame, influenced by Newton's concept of absolute space. At the end of the 19th century, Mach, in his book "The Development of Mechanics," criticized Newton's absolute view of space and time, which left a deep impression on Einstein.

35. 爱因斯坦喜欢阅读哲学著作，并从哲学中吸收思想营养，他相信世界的统一性和逻辑的一致性。在“奥林匹亚科学院”时期大卫·休谟（David Hume）对因果律的普遍有效性产生的怀疑，对爱因斯坦产生了影响。

35. Einstein enjoyed reading philosophical works and absorbed intellectual nourishment from philosophy, believing in the unity of the world and the consistency of logic. During the "Olympia Academy" period, David Hume's skepticism about the universal validity of the law of causality had an impact on Einstein.

36. 回答：国际展览局的徽标设计象征着未来人类社会的发展、科学技术的创新、精神与物质的进步，以及向更美好世界的迈进。

36. Answer: The emblem design of the Bureau of International Expositions symbolizes the development of the future human society, the innovation of science and technology, the progress of both spirit and material, and the move towards a better world.

37. 回答：根据《国际展览公约》的相关规定，如要申请举办世界博览会，需要完成申办、考察、投票和注册4项程序。

Answer: According to the relevant provisions of the "International Exposition Convention," in order to apply to host a World Exposition, it is necessary to complete four procedures: application, examination, voting, and registration.

38. 从此，村上每天凌晨4点起床，一边跑步一边构思小说的主题和脉络。跑5公里后，就回家坐在电脑前开始写作，不写完至少4000字绝不起身。坚持几年后，他的写作效果突飞猛进，一度斩获日本各项文学大奖，其中《挪威的森林》，获得诺贝尔文学奖。

38. From then on, Murakami would wake up at 4 a.m. every day, running while构思ing the themes and structure of his novels. After running 5 kilometers, he would go home and sit in front of the computer to start writing, not getting up until he had written at least 4,000 words. After several years of persistence, his writing took a quantum leap, and he won numerous literary awards in Japan, including the Nobel Prize in Literature for "Norwegian Wood."

39. 回答：1933年以后的每一届世博会都有一个明确而又极富时代意义的主题。

Answer: Since 1933, each World Expo has had a clear and highly meaningful theme that reflects the spirit of its time.

40. 回答：世博会百余年的发展大致可以分为3个阶段：初期阶段、成熟阶段、发展阶段。

Answer: The development of the World Expo over the past century can be roughly divided into three stages: the initial stage, the mature stage, and the development stage.

41. 1905年5月的一天，爱因斯坦与一个朋友贝索讨论这个已探索了十年的问题，贝索按照马赫主义的观点阐述了自己的看法，两人讨论了很久。突然，爱因斯坦领悟到了什么，回到家经过反复思考，终于想明白了问题。第二天，他又来到贝索家，说：谢谢你，我的问题解决了。

41. On one day in May 1905, Einstein discussed this issue that had been explored for ten years with a friend, Besso. Besso explained his views according to the Machist perspective, and they discussed it for a long time. Suddenly, Einstein had an epiphany, and after much reflection at home, he finally understood the problem. The next day, he came to Besso's house and said, "Thank you, my problem has been solved."

42. 爱因斯坦和牛顿一样并不早慧，他到3岁还不会说话，在整个学习期间也无"神童"的表现，甚至在教师眼里显得平庸迟钝，他主要是对教师的呆板教学方法感到不满，而具有很强的独立自主、勤奋自学的探索能力。

42. Einstein was not a prodigy like Newton either; he was unable to speak until he was 3 years old, and he did not show any signs of a child prodigy throughout his learning period. He even seemed dull and unremarkable to teachers. His main dissatisfaction was with the teachers' rigid teaching methods, and he possessed a strong ability to explore independently and study diligently on his own.

43. 回答：最近一次注册类世博会是在日本爱知县举行的。

Answer: The most recent registered World Exposition was held in Aichi Prefecture, Japan.

44. 人生于世，难免会遇到让你痛苦的人和事。没格局的人，为此纠结苦恼，沉沦苦水而不能自拔。而格局大的人，不会耿耿于怀，还能把别人给自己划下的伤口，变成坚硬的铠甲。

44. In life, one is bound to encounter people and things that bring you pain. Those without perspective are often entangled and troubled by them, sinking into a quagmire of suffering and unable to pull themselves out. However, those with a broader perspective do not hold onto grudges, and they can even turn the wounds others have inflicted upon them into armor of resilience.

45. 回答：世博会和我们平常所说的展览会是不同的。世博会是非贸易性的博览会，其参展主体是国家政府和国际组织。与一般展览会相比，世博会举办规格高、持续时间长、展出规模大、参展国家也多。

Answer: The World Expo is different from the exhibitions we usually refer to. The World Expo is a non-trading exhibition, with the participating entities being national governments and international organizations. Compared to general exhibitions, the World Expo has a higher level of organization, a longer duration, a larger scale of display, and a greater number of participating countries.