1. 包谷种不晒，一冬必得坏。 宁要一斗种，不要一斗金。

1. If corn seeds are not dried, they will definitely rot through the winter. It's better to have a bushel of seeds than a bushel of gold.

2. 所谓物候是指自然界的花草树木、飞禽走兽，按一定的季节时令活动，这种活动与气候变化息息相关。

2. What is referred to as phenology is the seasonal activities of natural plants, trees, birds, and animals, which are closely related to changes in climate.

3. 肥料与农业 肥料建设

3. Fertilizers and Agriculture - Fertilizer Construction

4. 我国东部和西部的物候现象也不同。我国东部沿海地区春季和秋季都比内地来得迟。因为海洋吸收太阳热量多，春季不如陆地升温快，到了秋季，海水的热量散发慢，所以沿海地区的秋季也比内地来得迟。就以山东来说，烟台在沿海，而济南在内陆，每年烟台苹果树开花要比济南晚半个多月，正好花期避开春寒，这是烟台苹果丰收的原因。烟台的秋天也比济南来得迟，苹果有较多的成熟时间，这使烟台苹果更美味可口。

4. The phenological phenomena in the eastern and western parts of our country are also different. The spring and autumn in the eastern coastal areas of our country come later than those in the interior. This is because the ocean absorbs more solar heat, so the temperature rises slower than on land in spring. By autumn, the heat of the sea dissipates slowly, so the autumn in coastal areas also comes later than in the interior. Taking Shandong as an example, Yantai is on the coast, while Jinan is in the interior. The apple trees in Yantai bloom about half a month later than those in Jinan every year, which avoids the spring cold exactly during the blooming period. This is the reason why Yantai apples are abundant. The autumn in Yantai also comes later than in Jinan, giving the apples more time to mature, making Yantai apples even more delicious and tasty.

5. 二十四番花信风不仅反映了花开与时令的自然现象，更重要的是可以利用这种现象来掌握农时、安排农事。

5. The Twenty-Four Periods of Flowering Winds not only reflect the natural phenomenon of flowers blooming with the seasons, but more importantly, this phenomenon can be utilized to master the timing of farming and to arrange agricultural activities.

6. 二十四节气又可以分为四类，表示寒来暑往变化的立春、春分、立夏、夏至、立秋、秋分、立冬、冬至八个节气；象征温度变化的小暑、大暑、处暑、小寒、大寒五个节气；反映降水量的雨水、谷雨、白露、寒露、霜降、小雪、大雪七个节气；反应物候现象或农事活动的惊蛰、清明、小满、芒种四个节气。

6. The 24 solar terms can be divided into four categories: the eight terms representing the changes of cold and hot, such as the Beginning of Spring, the Spring Equinox, the Beginning of Summer, the Summer Solstice, the Beginning of Autumn, the Autumn Equinox, the Beginning of Winter, and the Winter Solstice; the five terms symbolizing temperature changes, including the Minor Heat, the Major Heat, the Minor Cold, the Major Cold; the seven terms reflecting the amount of precipitation, such as the Rain Water, the Grain Rain, the White Dew, the Cold Dew, the Frost's Descent, the Light Snow, and the Heavy Snow; and the four terms reflecting phenomena of insect awakening or agricultural activities, such as the Waking of Insects, the Pure Brightness, the Minor Full Moon, and the Grain in Ear.

7. 竺可桢先生是我国近代气象学、气候学和地理学的奠基人，对地理科学的发展做出了重要贡献，他也是我国“物候学”的创始人，他几十年坚持物候观测，所著《物候学》在农业生产实践方面有重要的指导作用。

7. Mr. Zhu Kezhen is the founder of modern meteorology, climatology, and geography in our country, making significant contributions to the development of geoscience. He is also the founder of "phenology" in China. For decades, he has persevered in phenological observations, and his book "Phenology" plays an important guiding role in agricultural production practice.

8. 对物候现象的了解和掌握是普及常识的过程，同时又是培养学生观察自然、认识自然的好机会。 一九二九莫伸手，三九四九冰上走

8. Understanding and mastering phenological phenomena is a process of popularizing common knowledge, and at the same time, it is a good opportunity to cultivate students' observation of nature and understanding of nature. "Don't reach out in the 29th year, and walk on the ice in the 39th and 49th years."

9. 我国古代以五日为一候，三候为一节气。冬去春来，从小寒到谷雨这八个节气里共有二十四候，每一候都有一种花卉绽蕾开放，人们把花开时吹来的风叫做“花信风”，于是便有了“二十四番花信风”之说法。为了准确形容，人们在二十四候每一候内开花的植物中，挑选一种花期最准确的植物为代表，将其称之为这一候的花信风。

9. In ancient China, every five days was considered a "hou" (a period), and three "hou" made up a "jieqi" (a season). From "Xiaohan" (the Cold Dawn) to "Gu Yu" (Grain Rain), there are eight "jieqi" in winter and spring, with a total of twenty-four "hou". Each "hou" corresponds to the blooming of a particular flower. The wind that blows during the blooming season of the flowers is called the "hua xin feng" (flower-message wind), thus giving rise to the term "the twenty-four periods of flower-message wind." To accurately describe it, people selected a flower with the most accurate blooming period from the plants that bloom during each "hou" and named it as the representative "hua xin feng" of that "hou."

10. 梅子金黄杏子肥，榴花似火桃李坠，蜓立荷角作物旺，欣欣向荣见丰收

10. The loquats are golden, the apricots plump, the durian blossoms red like fire, and the peach and plum fruits drop. Dragonflies stand on the corners of lotus leaves, and the crops are thriving; a prosperous and bountiful harvest is seen everywhere.

11. 物候是大自然最直接的语言，候鸟、昆虫的出没分明是在告诉我们时令的变迁：家燕惊蛰始见，立冬南飞；

11. Phenology is the most direct language of nature, the appearance and disappearance of migratory birds and insects clearly tell us about the changes in the seasons: the swallow appears at the beginning of the Jiezhé (the start of spring), and migrates southward at the beginning of winter.

12. 春雨惊春清谷天，夏满芒至二暑连，秋处露春寒霜降，冬雪雪冬小大寒。

12. The spring rain starts the spring and clears the valleys, summer is full when the芒 (millet) is ripe, and the second heat follows; in autumn, dew and spring frost descend, and in winter, snow falls twice, marking the lesser and greater colds.

13. 春插时，夏插刻，春争日，夏争时 谷雨前后，种瓜点豆

13. Planting in spring, transplanting in summer; compete for the days in spring, compete for the time in summer. Before and after the Grain Rain, plant melons and beans.

14. 分成24个弧段，每150为一个节气。于是便有了如下的二十四节气：

14. Divided into 24 arcs, each segment of 150 represents a solar term. Therefore, the following 24 solar terms are established:

15. 由于海拔高度平均上升100米，气温约降低06℃，因此，一般来说，海拔越高的地区，物候也就越迟。“人间四月芳菲尽，山寺桃花始盛开”，正是对这一物候高低差异的描述。

15. As the average altitude increases by 100 meters, the temperature decreases by approximately 0.6℃, thus, in general, the higher the altitude, the later the phenology. "By the human world's April, the fragrance is all over, while the peach blossoms in the mountain temple just begin to bloom" is a description of this difference in phenology at different altitudes.

16. 冬雪是麦被，春雪是麦鬼。麦盖三场被，枕着馒头睡。

16. Winter snow is like wheat sheets, spring snow is like wheat ghosts. If wheat is covered three times by snow, one can sleep on mantou (a type of Chinese steamed bun).

17. 种子与农业 种子建设

17. Seeds and Agriculture - Seed Construction

18. 各种植物的发芽、展叶、开花、叶黄和叶落等现象；

18. The germination, unfolding of leaves, blooming, yellowing, and falling of leaves of various plants.

19. 候鸟、昆虫以及其他动物的飞来、初鸣、终鸣、离去、冬眠等；

19. The arrival, first call, last call, departure, hibernation, etc., of migratory birds, insects, and other animals.

20. 揪花开，谷出来。 揪花开，麻出来。

20. Pull the flower open, and the grain comes out. Pull the flower open, and the hemp comes out.

21. 一些水文气象现象，如初霜、终霜、结冰、消融、初雪、终雪等。

21. Some hydro-meteorological phenomena, such as the first frost, the last frost, icing, melting, the first snowfall, and the last snowfall.

22. 对物候现象的了解和掌握是普及常识的过程，同时又是培养学生观察自然、认识自然的好机会。

22. Understanding and mastering the phenomena of phenology is a process of popularizing common knowledge, and it is also a good opportunity to cultivate students' ability to observe nature and understand nature.

23. “花木管时令，鸟鸣报农时”。这就是人们所说的物候。

23. "Flora and fauna regulate the seasons, bird songs signal the agricultural times." This is what people refer to as phenology.

24. 白露白迷迷，秋分稻莠齐。寒露楼青稻，霜降一齐倒。

24. The White Dew brings white mist, and the equinox sees rice and weeds grow together. At the Cold Dew, the rice on the building turns green, and with the first frost, they all fall together.

25. 包谷种不晒，一冬必得坏。 宁要一斗种，不要一斗金。蛐鳝着地爬，下雨勿用话。

25. If corn seeds are not dried, they will definitely rot through the winter. It's better to have a bushel of seeds than a bushel of gold. When locusts and toads crawl on the ground, it's no use talking about rain.

26. “江南水乡春风早，北国阡陌花开迟”，充分表达了我国南方和北方的物候现象的不同。南京桃树一般在3月31日开花，北京的桃树要到4月19日才开花，相差19天。

26. "The spring breeze arrives early in the water towns of Jiangnan, while the flowers bloom late on the paths of the north," which fully expresses the different phenological phenomena between the south and north of our country. Peach trees in Nanjing generally bloom on March 31st, while in Beijing, peach trees only start to bloom on April 19th, with a difference of 19 days.

27. 气象活动对我们的影响可谓细致，所以人们又总结到：

27. The impact of meteorological activities on us is so subtle that people have summed up: