1. 山无衣，地无皮，人要饿肚皮，山上乱开荒，山下地皮光。

1. The mountains have no clothing, the earth has no skin, people are hungry for their bellies, the mountains are cleared in chaos, and the land beneath is barren.

2. 厚盖谷子薄盖麻，不薄不厚把麦压。种田要抢先，收割要抢天。

2. The thickly covered millet and thinly covered hemp, neither too thin nor too thick for wheat pressing. Farming needs to be proactive, and harvesting needs to seize the day.

3. 人是铁，饭是钢，地里缺肥庄稼荒。人缺食，面皮黄;地缺肥，少打粮。土地无肥不长，牲口无料不壮。千担肥下地，万担粮归仓。

3. A person is iron, rice is steel; if the soil lacks fertilizer, crops will wither. If a person lacks food, their complexion becomes yellow; if the land lacks fertilizer, there will be less grain harvested. Land without fertilizer will not grow, and livestock without feed will not thrive. A thousand loads of fertilizer on the land, ten thousand loads of grain in the granary.

4. 宁种黑土一窝，不种白土一坡。庄稼百样巧，土是无价宝。好树结好桃，好地长好苗。人薄土，土薄人。

4. It's better to plant black soil in a clump than white soil over a slope. There are countless ways to cultivate crops, but soil is the most precious treasure. Good trees bear good peaches, and good land grows good seedlings. A thin soil has thin people, and a thin person has thin soil.

5. 犁得深,耙得细，一亩地当两亩地。犁得深，耙得烂，一年收成当年半。犁地不细，白叫老牛费力气。

5. Plow deeply, harrow finely, and one acre can be equivalent to two. Plow deeply and harrow thoroughly, and half the harvest can be reaped in the same year. If the plowing is not done finely, the old ox is just wasting its strength.

6. 麦浇黄芽谷浇老，大豆最怕霜降早。谷子生得乖，无水不怀胎。

6. Barley needs yellow sprouts, rice requires old seeds, soybeans dread frost too soon. Millet grows cunningly, without water it can't bear.

7. 三月有粪挑，谷子压弯腰;三月无粪挑,收谷不用刀。马无夜草不肥，苗无粪水不长。

7. In March, there's manure to carry, the grains bend with the weight; without manure to carry in March, harvesting rice won't need a sword. A horse without evening feed won't fatten, and seedlings without manure water won't grow.

8. 黄土压上沙，好似孩儿见了妈，黑土掺黄土，增产一石五。

8. When loess is pressed with sand, it seems like a child seeing its mother; when black soil is mixed with loess, the yield increases by one and a half stones.

9. 肥料与农业 肥料建设

9. Fertilizer and Agriculture: Fertilizer Construction

10. 深耕密植得珠宝，浅耕密植得稻草。稀植多草，密植多稻。

10. Deeply cultivated and densely planted lands yield jewelry, while shallowly cultivated and densely planted lands yield straw. Sparse planting yields more grass, while dense planting yields more rice.

11. 泥干百日为粪，粪干百日成泥。要得田头有，粪筐不离手。

11. The mud dries into manure after a hundred days, and the manure dries into mud after another hundred days. To ensure there is manure at the field's edge, the manure basket should never be out of hand.

12. 若要庄稼好，施肥要足还要巧。苗黄灌粪水，苗黑撒草灰。

12. To ensure good crops, fertilization should be sufficient and skillful. For seedlings with yellow leaves, apply manure water; for seedlings with dark leaves, sprinkle with grass ash.

13. 好钢用在刀刃上，好肥用在攻穗上。麦追黄芽谷追节，玉米追的七个叶。冷田热底，增产无比。

13. The best steel is used on the blade, and the best fertilizer is applied to the ear. For wheat, follow the yellow sprout; for rice, follow the node; for corn, follow the seven leaves. In cold fields and hot soil, the increase in yield is immense.

14. 三月田中水，贵如篓里油;田埂要扎紧，不让一滴流。开渠打坝，旱涝不怕。

14. In March, water in the rice fields is as precious as oil in a pot; the ridges must be tightly secured to prevent a single drop from leaking. Channel digging and dam building, neither drought nor flood to fear.

15. 鱼儿离水活不了，庄稼缺水长不好。春风不吹地不开，田里无水秧难栽。

15. Fish cannot survive out of water, and crops cannot grow well without water. Without the spring breeze, the land cannot bloom, and if there's no water in the fields, it's difficult to plant the rice seedlings.

16. 密植是个宝，千万要用好;合理就增产，盲目就糟糕

16. Dense planting is a treasure,千万 to make good use of it; reasonable yields, blind is terrible.

17. 三耕六耙九锄田，一季收成抵一年。三道犁头三道耙，穗子长成狼尾巴。今年不翻冬，明年粮仓空。

17. Three plows, six harrows, and nine hoeings for the field, one harvest can last for a year. Three plows and three harrows, the ears of grain grow as long as a wolf's tail. Not turning over the winter this year, the granary will be empty next year.

18. 茬口换好，米面吃饱;茬口不换，丰年变歉。种地不倒茬，十年九抓瞎。

18. Change the crops and eat your fill of rice and flour; if you don't change the crops, a bountiful year can turn into a lean one. If you don't rotate your crops, you'll be at a loss nine times out of ten.

19. 片选不如穗选好，穗选种子质量高。引种未试验，空地一大片。

19. Seed selection from leaves is not as good as from spikes; seed selected from spikes has higher quality. The introduced seeds have not been tested; there is a large patch of unused land.

20. 年里施肥施根线，抵过年外施三遍。庄稼要好，底肥要饱。

20 years of fertilizing with root lines, equals three rounds of fertilizing outside the year. To ensure good crops, the base fertilizer needs to be abundant.

21. 水满田，谷满仓，田内无水仓无粮。有收无收在于水，多收少收在于肥。有水无肥一半谷，有肥无水望天哭。囤水如囤粮，水足粮满仓。

21. Water fills the fields, grain fills the granaries; without water in the fields or grain in the granaries. Whether there is a harvest or not depends on the water, and the amount of harvest depends on the fertility. With water but no fertility, half the grain is lost; with fertility but no water, one can only weep to the heavens. Storing water is like storing grain; with sufficient water, the granary is full.

22. 包谷种不晒，一冬必得坏。 宁要一斗种，不要一斗金。

22. If the corn seeds are not dried, they will definitely spoil throughout the winter. It's better to have a bushel of seeds than a bushel of gold.

23. 一滴水一粒粮，水土流失打空场。土蓄水，水养林，林保土，土肥农。山上开一线，平地冲一片。

23. A drop of water, a grain of rice, soil erosion leaves the field barren. Soil stores water, water nourishes the forest, the forest protects the soil, and fertile soil benefits the farmers. Clearing a line on the mountain causes erosion over a vast plain.

24. 谚语是民族的智慧、经验的结晶,也是民族语言词汇材料中的重要组成部分世界各民族都有自己的谚语它从产生到发展都与民族的种种特性紧密相联谚语反映了民族的历史事迹、自然风貌、文化传统、心理状态、乡土习俗、宗教信仰等方方面面认识谚语的民族性对了解、研究民族的历史、社会、文学、心理、民俗、语言都有实际意义 底肥三年壮。

24. Proverbs are the crystallization of a nation's wisdom and experience, and they are also an important part of the lexical material of the national language. All nations have their own proverbs, and they are closely linked with the various characteristics of the nation. Proverbs reflect the nation's history, natural landscape, cultural traditions, mental state, local customs, religious beliefs, and many other aspects. Understanding the national characteristics of proverbs has practical significance for understanding and studying the history, society, literature, psychology, folk customs, and language of a nation. "A good foundation takes three years to strengthen."

25. 一滴水，一粒粮，贮水保水如保粮。人靠血养，苗靠水活。

25. A drop of water, a grain of rice, conserving water is as important as conserving grain. Humans rely on blood for nourishment, and seedlings depend on water to thrive.

26. 正月有粪挑，麦子压弯腰;正月无粪挑，麦子如牛毛。田里缺肥料，扁担两头翘。

26. In the first month, there's manure to carry, wheat bends over; without manure in the first month, wheat is as fine as cow's hair. Lack of fertilizer in the fields, the ends of the bamboo pole sway.

27. 灯里无油灯不亮，田里缺肥苗不长。肥是农家宝，种地离不了。

27. Without oil, the lamp won't shine, and without fertilizer, the crops won't grow. Fertilizer is the treasure of farmers, and it is indispensable for farming.

28. 田不冬耕不肥，地不冬耕不收。冬耕深一寸，春天省堆粪。

28. If the fields are not plowed in winter, they won't be fertile; if the land is not plowed in winter, there will be no harvest. Deeply plow one inch in winter, and save heaps of manure in spring.

29. 早中耕，地发暖;多中耕，地不板;深中耕，抗涝旱。早耕有三好：烂泥、杀虫又死草。

29. Early tillage warms the soil; more tillage prevents soil compaction; deep tillage helps resist waterlogging and drought. Early plowing has three benefits: it decomposes mud, kills insects, and kills weeds.

30. 春天干得强，秋后有余粮，春天多刨点，秋后多收点。

30. Work hard in spring, and you'll have surplus grain in autumn; do more digging in spring, and you'll reap more in autumn.

31. 种地选好种，一垄抵两垄o种子经过筛，幼苗长得乖。

31. Choose the right seeds for farming, one ridge is as good as two. The seeds are sifted, and the seedlings grow well.

32. 头水浅，二水满，三水四水往上赶。冬水透，青苗厚。

32. The first water is shallow, the second water is full, and the third and fourth waters are rushing upwards. In winter, the water seeps through, and the young shoots are thick.

33. 冷粪果木热粪菜，生粪上地连根坏。没粪不种豆，粪大萝卜粗。

33. Cold dung on wood, hot dung on vegetables; fresh dung on the ground can rot roots. Without dung, don't plant beans; with more dung, the radishes are thicker.

34. 稻子出在犁头上，勤耕深耕长得壮。薄地怕深耕。

34. The rice seedlings sprout from the plowshare, thriving with diligent and deep plowing. Shallow soil fears deep plowing.

35. 常垫牛栏掏鸡窝，腿勤手快积肥多粪坑加个盖，肥效全都在。

35. Often cleaning the cowshed and digging the chicken coop, with hardworking legs and quick hands, you'll accumulate a lot of manure. Adding a lid to the dung pit, all the fertilizer's effectiveness will be preserved.

36. 种子田，好经验，忙一时，甜一年。种子多几宗，不收这宗收那宗。种子换一换，增产一大半。，

36. Seed fields, good experiences, busy for a moment, sweet for a year. The more types of seeds you have, the less you harvest from this one and more from that one. Swap your seeds, and increase your yield by half.

37. 深耕密植不上粪，枉费力气瞎胡混。量体裁衣，看禾施肥。

37. Not using fertilizer for dense planting is a waste of effort and foolishness. Tailor your clothing, and fertilize according to the rice crop.

38. 种子贮藏要分家，单贮单放不混杂。保秧如保命，留种如留金。

38. Seed storage should be separated; store and place them individually to avoid mixture. Treating seedlings as life, and keeping seeds as gold.

39. 油是精神盐是劲，粮食增产要靠粪。要得庄稼好，须在粪上找。

39. Oil is the spirit, salt is the vigor, and the increase in grain production depends on manure. To have good crops, one must look to the manure.

40. 揪花开，谷出来。 揪花开，麻出来。

40. Pull the flower open, the grain comes out. Pull the flower open, the hemp comes out.

41. 春天肥堆如山大，秋后粮堆大如山草子种三年，坏田变好田。

41. In spring, the manure piles are as large as mountains, and by autumn, the grain piles are as big as the seeds after three years of planting, transforming barren fields into fertile ones.

42. 奶多孩儿胖，人多力量强;春积千担肥，秋收万斤粮。扫帚响，粪堆长;粪堆长，庄稼旺。

42. More milk means fatter children, more people mean stronger strength; in spring, accumulate a thousand loads of manure, and in autumn, harvest ten thousand catties of grain. When the broom is loud, the dung heap grows long; the dung heap grows long, the crops thrive.

43. 种子与农业 种子建设

43. Seed and Agriculture - Seed Construction

44. 一要质，二要量，田间选种不上当。一选二晒三浸种，出苗整齐少病虫。十成收粮，九成靠秧。

44. Quality first, quantity second, don't be deceived in field seed selection. One select, two dry, three soak the seeds, seedlings emerge neatly with fewer pests and diseases. Ten percent of the grain yield comes from the seeds, and ninety percent depends on the seedlings.

45. 种田不用问，除了工夫就是粪。-猪肥膘壮，粪足苗旺。

45. Farming doesn't require asking, it's just about effort and manure. - Pigs get fat and pork is firm when there's enough manure, and seedlings thrive with ample manure.

46. 要想地不冲，多挖鱼鳞坑;坑成满天星，防旱又防冲。保土、保水、保丰收。

46. To prevent soil erosion, dig more fish scale pits; once the pits are like stars in the sky, they can prevent both drought and erosion. This helps to conserve soil, water, and ensure a good harvest.

47. 山地变梯田，荒山变果园。生土变熟土，一亩顶两亩。旱田改水田，一年顶三年。沙土掺黑土，一亩顶两亩。

47. Mountains transformed into terraced fields, barren hills turned into orchards. Unrefined soil turned into fertile soil, one mu equals two mu. Arid fields converted into paddy fields, one year equals three years. Sand soil mixed with black soil, one mu equals two mu.

48. 要得红苕好，底肥追肥要上饱。施肥一大片，不如一条线。

48. To grow good sweet potatoes, ensure ample bottom and top dressing fertilization. Spreading fertilizer over a large area is not as effective as applying it in a line.