1. 清明忙种麦，谷雨种大田;立夏鹅毛住，小满鸟来全;

1. Busy sowing wheat during Qingming, planting large fields during Guyu; when Lixia arrives, geese' feathers settle, and when Xiaoman, all the birds come.

2. 地是宝，牛是宝，粪是宝，没有三宝农民活不了。

2. The land is a treasure, the cow is a treasure, the manure is a treasure; without the three treasures, farmers cannot survive.

3. 跟着好人学好人，跟着师妈子下假神(师妈子即 巫婆)。

3. Follow good people to become good, follow the "auntie" to summon false spirits (where "auntie" refers to a witch).

4. 立春阳气转，雨水沿河边;惊蛰乌鸦叫，春分地皮干;

4. The beginning of spring brings the turning of yang energy, while the rain follows the river banks; the Wutou crows call during the Wutou period, and the ground dries up at the Spring Equinox.

5. 收蜂先收王，灭虫先灭“娘”。苗要好，除虫早。

5. First collect the queen bee, first exterminate the "mother" insect. To ensure good seedlings, start pest control early.

6. 芒种开了铲，夏至不拿棉;小暑不算热，大暑三伏天;

6. The Solstice marks the end of the hoeing, the Summer Solstice is not the time to use cotton; the beginning of the Great Heat is not yet very hot, but the extreme heat of the Dog Days is around the corner.

7. 寒露不算冷，霜降变了天;立冬交十月，小雪河封上;

7. The Cold Dew is not cold, but the Autumnal Equinox brings a change in the weather; the Winter Solstice marks the beginning of the tenth month, and the Small Snow causes the river to freeze over.

8. 二月吼雷墓屹堆 三月吼雷麦屹堆

8. In February, the thunderous tomb stands tall; in March, the thunderous wheat heap stands tall.

9. 锄头上有水，越锄越美；働头上有粪，越锄越嫩；锄头上有粮，越锄越强。

9. The hoe is adorned with water, the more it is used, the more beautiful it becomes; the hoe is topped with manure, the more it is used, the more tender it grows; the hoe is laden with grain, the more it is used, the stronger it grows.

10. 冬锄春苗好，春锄杂草少，不锄收成少。头道浅，二道深，三道把土壅到根。

10. It's good to cultivate in winter and plant seedlings in spring, less weeding in spring, and less yield if not cultivated. The first plowing is shallow, the second is deep, and the third piles the soil around the roots.

11. 晒棉种，很重要：发芽势，明显好;发芽率，能提高。

11. Sun-drying cotton seeds is very important: it improves germination vigor significantly; it can also enhance the germination rate.

12. 寒露育青秋，霜降一齐倒;立冬下麦子，小雪农家闲;

12. Cold Dew nourishes the early autumn, and when the Frost Descends, all is over; when the Winter Solstice comes, wheat is sown; and with the Slight Snow, the countryside is at rest.

13. 大雪罱河泥，立冬河封严;小寒办年货，大寒过新年。(江苏)

13. In heavy snow, the Jiahe River is blocked with mud; on the Winter Solstice, the river is frozen solid; during the Slight Cold, people start to buy New Year's supplies; and on the Great Cold, they celebrate the New Year. (Jiangsu)

14. 七成收 八成丢

14. 70% received, 80% lost.

15. 年年防灾，时时防虫。种前防虫，种后治虫。(湖南)

15. Yearly disaster prevention, constant pest control. Prevent pests before planting, treat pests after planting. (Hunan)

16. “估计春耕前已不可能完成土改任务的地方，即应将土改工作推迟至夏季以后进行。” 春耕历史 来历 中国古代以农业立国，农业讲究时令气节，春耕、夏耘、秋收、冬藏，一概以时令为转移。时令的更换，一般民众只能凭借物候的变化来判定，有天文知识的巫师则能借助观测天象来确定。上 古观象，通常在天刚昏黑时进行(称为“昏见”)，被观测的星被称为“大火”，西方天文学名词为天蝎座a。古代“大火”星昏见时恰好在春分时节，火正在这一天观察到大火星位于南方正中的位置，于是向民众发布春分已经到来，可以春耕播种了。楚人的先民大约曾任古代的火王，这是神融得名的由来和火正的第一项职责。 春耕 由来 上古的农业大抵实行刀耕火种，一年的农事始于烧荒，人民为劳作而紧张，因憧憬而激动，把烧荒看作是丰收的前奏，要举行欢快而隆重的仪式。《礼记·郊特牲》说：“季春出火，为焚也。”说的就是古代出火烧荒仪式。由谁把妥善保存了一冬的火种引到野外，点燃烧荒的第一把火呢当然是那位责无旁贷的火正。到了秋季，大火昏见之后，还要举行“纳火”的仪式，把火种收藏起来。 然而，古代的火正主要还不是从事农业的实际官员，而是从事祭祀的宗教大巫。古人对天象的有规律运行感到不可思议，总是觉到有一只“上帝之手”在操纵著自然和人事活动，大火的运行也不例外。况且自然界有风雨雷电，人世间有丰歉祸福，为了祈求上天赐予人世以永远的福祉，于是有祭天的仪式。祭天时要杀牲，贡于柴堆之上，将柴点燃，让牲肉的焦香伴随着清烟飘上云天，天帝闻到人间烟火和肉的馨香，就会大发慈悲，赐给人世以和平安乐。火正的任务，就是布置、点燃和守护祭天的柴堆，完成燎祭的仪式。 春耕习俗 立春过后，春耕即将开始，在中国一些地区一直传承著试犁的习俗，但由于各地环境和自然条件的不同，寓意春耕生产传统习俗的方式和时间也有所不同。 第一段 桂北地区的开春试犁，城镇活动比乡村开展得还要热烈和隆重。农村因天气严寒试犁生产耕耘，多是拿牛轭走进牛栏，把牛轭往牛颈上一放，表示耕牛拉着牛轭耕田犁地之状，预示著开春了，新的一年开始播种五谷了，应该作好备耕，抢上季节耕耘播种，千万不要错过耕种的时机。城镇活动：相传在过去为渲染春耕生产气氛，敦促人们作好春耕准备工作，城里的官府县衙在立春前一天，就派衙役到县城的城皇庙旁边的荒地上搭一个茅草官厂，衙役擂鼓鸣锣，吹吹打打，抬着县官和纸扎的春牛、犁，由衙门沿迎春路行至官厂，沿路的民众，家家鸣放鞭炮，并将米、黄豆抛向耕牛，表示新的一年五谷丰登。春牛抬到官厂后，要焚香祀奠皇天厚土，仪礼三伏三拜，县官领头，众乡绅跟随在后依礼参拜，而后念祭奠天地神祈祷告词，而后县官亲自扶犁，跟随春牛之后，演试用牛犁田，以示开始春耕。围观民众吆喝声响彻云霄。县官试犁后，衙役将纸扎的春牛抬起游街，提示人们新年开始，五谷待种，百业待兴，大家应该送懒，迎接大闹春耕生产开头日的到来，游完街巷后，回到县衙门前打春后，然后把纸扎的春牛烧掉。 草坝场上闹春耕 第二段 在瑶山，各家的主事人要扛锄头到田地里挖几锄，或到秧田和菜园里掏几锄，表示春耕动土外，还要上山砍几根竹子插在田里，表示插田，下地里埋上几颗种子，表示播种丰收。 还有的地方把二月初一作为开春节。清早起来，家家户户把锅盖猛敲一阵，表示送懒，迎接大闹春耕生产开头日的到来。这天早晨吃过早饭，男人把家里的农具普遍检查一遍，看哪些要维修，哪些要更换，一一作出决定。是日便自己动手或请人开始整理农具。妇女们这天早饭后，就用头天浸好的糯米，用磨子磨好，并用立冬腌制好的干菜和腊肉剁碎粘和成香喷喷的馅心，包在糯米粑中间，做成阳春粑，用柚子叶垫好，放在锅里蒸熟后，全家人围坐在一起，痛痛快快地饱吃一顿“阳春粑”。在吃“阳春粑”时，家里的主事人把新年要种的生产计画、品种安排告诉大家，要大家发奋把阳春搞好，夺取新一年的好收成。 在山西的浑源、朔县、山阴等县及河北、内蒙古部分地区。民间流行有击鼓迎春的习俗。 春耕前，民众手持羊皮圆扇形手鼓，且敲且唱，祈求消灾免病，秋后丰收。 云南省红河哈尼族在春耕生产时节，农民表演队走村串寨，表演反映当地少数民族劳动生活的原生态歌舞，为春耕开犁唱响报春曲。 春耕谚语 秋耕深，春耕浅。 春耕如翻饼，秋耕如掘井。 春耕深一寸，可顶一遍粪。春耕不肯忙，秋后脸饿黄。 春耕 耕好耙好，光长庄稼不长草。 庄稼不认爹和娘，精耕细作多打粮。 因地制宜，合理密植。 想要苞米结，除非叶搭叶。 合理密植真正好，光长禾苗不长草。 密植好，密植强，合理密植多打粮。 谷宜稀，麦宜稠，高梁地里卧下牛。 行船防滩，作田防旱。 春旱不算早，秋田旱一半。 春荒不要懒，防荒多生产。 春天多锄一遍，秋天多打一面。 锄头底下减旱情，锄头口上出黄金。 灌水有三看：看天，看地，看庄稼。 春来多捉一个蛾，秋后多收谷一箩。 春天栽树要早，夏天灭虫要了。 开春杀一虫，强于秋后杀百虫。 耕地过冬，虫死土松。 春耕诗词 古今中外有很多描绘春耕劳作的诗词。例如：姚鼐的《山行》则是一幅繁忙热闹的春耕图：“布谷飞飞劝早耕，春锄扑扑趁初晴。千层石树通行路，一路水田放水声。”韦应物在《观田家诗》中曰：“微雨众卉新，一雷惊蛰始，田家几日闲？耕种从此始。”王维在《宿郑州》中云：“田父草际归，村童雨中牧。”春雷阵阵，细雨濛濛，草木新生，村童雨牧，农人播下种子，也播下了一年的希望。 注意事项 在播种育秧的大忙季节，应该注意以下事项： 要把好种子消毒关。具体方法是：①药剂处理前进行晒种、选种工作，以增强种子发芽势，提高种子发芽率。②用25%咪鲜胺浸种消毒：先将种子用清水预浸12小时，滤干后浸入3000－4000倍的咪鲜胺溶液中，即一支1毫升25%咪鲜胺兑水6-8斤,可浸稻种6斤左右，浸种24小时后取出稻种，不必清洗即可直接播种或催芽。 要把好催芽播种关。对已搞好浸种消毒处理的种子不催芽或采用保温催芽到破胸露白，抓住暖头冷尾的有利天气及时播种。经过包衣处理的种子，可不必作任何处理直接进行播种。 要把好秧田管理关。整理秧田时不能施用尿素，宜施用适量优质壮秧剂或少量复合肥，播种后要盖严薄膜保温。齐苗后若天气晴热时要注意及时揭膜通风，防止膜内高温灼苗，当遇低温时要及时重新盖好薄膜保温。 皇帝春耕 皇帝春耕，听来新鲜，但这是古时的一项国家典礼，称作“亲耕”，以表示天子劭农劝稼、祈求年丰之意。 春耕图 清代皇帝亲耕，选在二月或三月的一个吉利的亥日举行。自雍正以来，皇帝亲耕前，先要到西苑(今 )丰泽园前的演耕地里练习一番，以免亲耕时生疏。正式亲耕之日，一清早儿，皇帝就著礼服，乘舆前往城南的先农坛。在行过祭享先农等礼仪后，皇帝来到观耕台前的籍田里，面南站立，户部尚书跪进耒，顺天府尹跪进鞭，皇帝右手秉耒，左手执鞭，前面耄老二人牵牛，旁有农夫二人扶犁，后面顺天府丞拜著青箱，户部侍郎负责播种，在礼部、太常寺、銮仪卫的六位堂官导引护驾下，在一片鼓乐赞歌声中，往返三个来回，便完成了“三推三返”的亲耕礼。皇帝亲耕，不过是个礼仪，但也有皇帝当真耕田的事。据《养吉斋丛录》:康熙四十一年，康熙帝在京南博野视察春耕情况，曾亲持犁器，一气儿耕了一亩地。当时共有万人观看此景，大学士李光地特为文勒石，以志其事。 气候条件 “到了惊蛰节，锄头不停歇。”到了惊蛰，中国大部地区进入春耕大忙季节。真是季节不等人，

16. "In places where it is estimated that the land reform task cannot be completed before the spring plowing, the land reform work should be postponed until after the summer." History of Spring Plowing: Ancient China was founded on agriculture, which emphasizes the importance of seasonal timing. Spring plowing, summer weeding, autumn harvest, and winter storage are all subject to the changes of the seasons. The change of the seasons is generally determined by the common people based on the changes of phenomena, while those with astronomical knowledge can determine it by observing celestial phenomena. Ancient observations were usually carried out when it was just getting dark (known as "dusk observation"), and the stars observed were called "Great Star," with the western astronomical term being Antares A. The ancient "Great Star" appeared at the equinox, and the fire was observed at this time to be in the southern central position, so the announcement was made that the equinox had arrived, and spring plowing and sowing could begin. The ancestors of the Chu people were said to have once served as ancient fire kings, which is the origin of the name Shenyin and the first responsibility of the fire king. Spring Plowing: Origin: Ancient agriculture generally practiced slash-and-burn farming, and the year's agricultural work began with burning the fields. People were anxious to work, excited by the anticipation, and regarded burning the fields as the prelude to a bountiful harvest, and grand and solemn ceremonies were held. The Records of Rites says: "In the last month of spring, the fire is lit, for burning." This refers to the ancient ritual of lighting the fire to burn the fields. It was naturally the fire king, who had the responsibility to lead the way, who would take the preserved fire from the winter and light the first fire for burning the fields. After autumn, when the Great Star appeared at dusk, a ritual called "taking in the fire" was also held to store the fire seeds. However, ancient fire kings were mainly not actual agricultural officials, but great religious wizards who were responsible for sacrifices. Ancient people found the regular movement of celestial phenomena inexplicable, and always felt that there was a "hand of the gods" manipulating nature and human activities, and the movement of the Great Star was no exception. Moreover, nature has winds, rains, thunder, and lightning, and human society has abundance and scarcity, blessings and disasters. To pray for eternal blessings from heaven, rituals were performed to sacrifice to the heavens. When sacrificing to the heavens, animals were killed and offered to the heap of firewood, the firewood was lit, and the aroma of the roasted meat rose with the smoke into the clouds. When the emperor of heaven smelled the smoke of human activity and the fragrance of the meat, he would show compassion and bestow peace and comfort upon the world. The task of the fire king was to arrange, light, and guard the heap of firewood for the sacrifice to the heavens and complete the ritual of burning. Customs of Spring Plowing: After the Beginning of Spring, as spring plowing is about to begin, some regions of China have passed down the custom of trying the plow, but due to different environmental and natural conditions in various places, the methods and times for symbolizing the traditional customs of spring plowing also vary. In the first section: In the northern part of Guangxi, the custom of trying the plow at the beginning of spring is more lively and solemn than in the countryside. In the countryside, due to the severe cold weather, the plowing production is often carried out by taking the bull yoke into the牛栏, placing it on the neck of the bull, symbolizing the bull dragging the yoke to plow the fields, and heralding the beginning of spring, the start of a new year of sowing grains. It is necessary to be prepared for the preparation work, seize the season for plowing and sowing, and never miss the opportunity for sowing. In the city, the government in the past arranged for the ceremony to encourage people to make preparations for spring plowing by building a thatched official factory on the barren land next to the City God Temple in the city on the day before the Beginning of Spring. The officials beat drums and gongs, made a lot of noise, and carried the county magistrate and the paper-mache bull and plow from the county government along the welcoming spring road to the official factory. Along the road, the people in each family set off firecrackers and threw rice and soybeans towards the oxen, symbolizing the abundance of grains in the new year. After the paper-mache bull was brought to the official factory, incense was burned and offered to the heaven and earth, and the ceremony was held three times with three bows, led by the county magistrate, followed by the local magnates, who knelt down to pay their respects according to the ritual. After that, the county magistrate personally held the plow and followed the paper-mache bull to perform the trial plowing, symbolizing the beginning of spring plowing. The sounds of the crowd watching were deafening. After the county magistrate tried the plow, the officials lifted the paper-mache bull and paraded it through the streets to remind people that the new year had begun, the grains were waiting to be sown, and all trades were waiting to be revitalized. Everyone should send laziness and welcome the coming of the busy day of spring plowing and production. After the parade was over, the paper-mache bull was burned at the county government gate. Spring plowing in Caoba Field: In the Yao Mountains, the heads of each household need to dig a few shovels in the fields, or dig a few shovels in the seedling and vegetable fields, symbolizing the beginning of spring plowing and land preparation. In addition, they also need to chop a few bamboo sticks and insert them into the fields to symbolize field preparation, and bury several seeds in the ground to symbolize sowing for a bountiful harvest. Some places consider the first day of the second lunar month as the beginning of spring. Early in the morning, every household beats the lid of the pot loudly to symbolize sending laziness and welcoming the busy day of spring plowing and production. In the morning after eating breakfast, the men inspect the farm tools in the house to see which ones need repair or replacement and make decisions one by one. That day, they start to sort out the tools themselves or hire others to do so. After breakfast, the women use glutinous rice soaked the day before, grind it with a mill, and mix it with dry vegetables and preserved pork marinated in winter, chop it up and stick it into the middle of the glutinous rice dumpling to make a fragrant filling, and wrap it with a pomelo leaf, place it in the pot to steam, and the whole family sits together and enjoys a hearty meal of "Spring dumplings." While eating "Spring dumplings," the head of the family tells everyone the production plan and variety arrangement for the new year's planting, urging everyone to work hard to make a good start on the Spring and ensure a good harvest in the new year. In Hunyuan, Shuoxian, and Shanyin counties in Shanxi and some areas in Hebei and Inner Mongolia, there is a custom of beating drums to welcome spring. Before spring plowing, the people hold round fan-shaped sheepskin hand drums, beat them while singing, pray for the elimination of disasters and diseases, and wish for a bountiful harvest in autumn. The farmers' performing teams in Honghe Hani Autonomous Prefecture in Yunnan Province perform original ecological songs and dances reflecting the labor and life of the local ethnic minorities during the spring plowing production season, singing the spring song to herald the beginning of spring plowing. Agricultural Proverbs: Deep autumn plowing, shallow spring plowing. Spring plowing like flipping a cake, autumn plowing like digging a well. Deep spring plowing by an inch is as good as a load of manure. If you don't hurry up with spring plowing, you'll be hungry in autumn. Good plowing and harrowing, only crops grow, not weeds. Crops do not recognize parents and mothers, and intensive management will produce more grain. Adapt to local conditions and plant densely. To have corn, you must have leaves overlapping. Densely planted, strong, and densely planted, produce more grain. Millet should be sparse, wheat should be dense, and there should be oxen in sorghum fields. Boats should be aware of shallow waters, and fields should be aware of drought. Spring drought is not early, half of the fields are dry in autumn. Do not be lazy in spring, and prevent drought and increase production. Do more weeding in spring, and get more harvests in autumn. Under the hoe, reduce drought conditions, and under the hoe, gold will be produced. Irrigation should be observed three times: look at the sky, look at the ground, and look at the crops. Catch one caterpillar in spring, and get a basket of grain in autumn. Plant trees early in spring, and control pests in summer. Killing one insect in spring is better than killing a hundred insects in autumn. Plowing the land in winter will kill insects and loosen the soil. Poetry about Spring Plowing: There are many poems from ancient times and all over the world depicting the hard work of spring plowing. For example: Yao Nai's "Mountain Walking" depicts a bustling and lively spring plowing scene: "The cuckoo flies and urges early plowing, the spring hoeing扑扑 makes full use of the initial clear weather. Thousand-layer stone trees pass through the road, and a water field is releasing water sounds." Wei Yingwu said in "Viewing the Peasant's House Poem": "Fine rain makes all flowers new, a thunderclap awakens the overwintered insects. How many days can the peasant family be idle? Farming begins from here." Wang Wei said in "Accommodation in Zhengzhou": "The farmer returns from the grassy field, the village children herd in the rain." Spring thunder rolled, fine rain was misty, grass and trees were reborn, the village children herded in the rain, and farmers sowed seeds, planting hope for the whole year. Precautions: During the busy season of sowing and seedling raising, the following precautions should be taken: It is important to ensure seed disinfection. The specific method is: 1. Before the drug treatment, the seeds should be sun-dried and selected to enhance the germination potential and improve the germination rate. 2. Use 25% imazalil for seed disinfection: First, pre-soak the seeds in water for 12 hours, dry them, and soak them in a solution of 3000-4000 times imazalil, that is, one milliliter of 25% imazalil mixed with 6-8 jin of water, which can soak about 6 jin of rice seeds. After soaking the seeds for 24 hours, remove the rice seeds, and they can be directly sown or sprouted without washing. It is important to ensure seedling raising and sowing. For seeds that have been properly soaked and disinfected, it is not necessary to sprout them or use保温to sprout them to the point of breaking through the husk, and it is necessary to sow them in a timely manner taking advantage of the favorable weather conditions at the end of the warm and cold periods. Seedlings that have been treated with seed coating can be sown directly without any additional treatment. It is important to ensure the management of seedling fields. When preparing the seedling fields, do not use urea, and it is advisable to use a moderate amount of high-quality seedling vigor agent or a small amount of compound fertilizer. After sowing, cover the film tightly to keep the seedlings warm. If the weather is sunny and hot after the seedlings emerge, be sure to uncover the film in time for ventilation to prevent the high temperature inside the film from scorching the seedlings. When the temperature is low, cover the film again in a timely manner to keep the seedlings warm. Imperial Spring Plowing: The emperor's spring plowing may sound novel, but this was an ancient national ceremony known as "personal farming," indicating the son of heaven's encouragement of agriculture and the wish for a bountiful harvest. Spring Plowing Diagram: The Qing Dynasty emperors personally farmed, choosing an auspicious day of the pig in February or March. Since the reign of Yongzheng, before the emperor personally farmed, he would first practice in the demonstration field in front of the Fengze Garden in the West Garden (now ) to avoid being unfamiliar with the farming. On the formal day of personal farming, early in the morning, the emperor dressed in court robes and traveled by carriage to the Xian Nong Tan in the city south of the capital. After performing the rituals of sacrificing to the Xian Nong, the emperor came to the fields in front of the Guancheng Tai, stood facing south, the Minister of Rites knelt down to present the plow, the Marquis of the Supreme City presented the whip, the emperor held the plow in his right hand and the whip in his left hand, with two elderly men leading the oxen in front, two farmers holding the plow, the Marquis of the Supreme City presenting the blue box, the Minister of Revenue responsible for sowing, guided and guarded by six officials of the Ministry of Ceremonial, and the music and praise resounded, he walked back and forth three times, completing the "three pushes and three returns" of the personal farming ritual. The emperor's personal farming was just a ritual, but there were also real cases of the emperor personally plowing. According to the "Records of the Cultivation Study Hall": In the forty-first year of the Kangxi era, Emperor Kangxi inspected the spring plowing situation in Boya, south of Beijing, and personally held the plow to plow an acre of land. At that time, a total of ten thousand people watched this scene, and Premier Li Guangdi wrote a special article and had it carved on stone to commemorate the event. Climate Conditions: "When the frost comes, the hoe does not stop." When the frost comes, most of China enters the busy season of spring plowing. It's really a season that waits for no one.

17. 胡芦头，胡芦头，先装瓦屋后装楼，末了还能装人口(胡芦头指吸鸦片的工具)。

17. Hu Lu Tou, Hu Lu Tou, first install the earthenware house, then install the building, and finally, you can install the "mouth" (Hu Lu Tou refers to the tool for smoking opium).

18. 清明麦吐穗，谷雨浸种忙;立夏鹅毛住，小满打麦子;

18. The Qingming Festival sees wheat in ear, busy sowing seeds with the Grain Rain; the Start of Summer brings geese with downy feathers, and the Grain in the Ear festival is when wheat is harvested.

19. 一籽入土 万粒归仓

19. Sow a single seed, reap ten thousand grains in the granary.

20. 庄稼要紧，开苗要稳，锄不伤根，耥土要匀。庄稼一日不收，管理一日不休。

20. It is crucial to handle crops with care, ensure stable seedling growth, not to damage the roots while weeding, and to level the soil evenly. The management of crops should not cease a single day without harvest.

21. 一年铺沙三年力 三年铺沙地有力

21. One year of sand, three years of strength; three years of sand, the land has strength.

22. 立秋忙打靛，处暑动刀镰;白露忙收割，秋分无生田;

22. As the beginning of autumn arrives, the busy season for indigo dyeing begins, and the mid-summer is the time to wield sickles; when the White Dew comes, it's time for harvesting, and with the Autumn Equinox, there is no more growing land.

23. 一滴血 一滴汗 收不到家里粮食心不安

23. A drop of blood, a drop of sweat, can't bring peace to the heart without the grain from home.

24. 一冻一消 冬浇正好

24. Freeze and melt, winter watering is just right.

25. 芒种万物播，夏至做黄梅;小暑耘收忙，大暑是伏天;

25. At芒种, all things are sown; at夏至, the yellow plum blossoms; at小暑, the busy weeding and harvesting begin; and at大暑, it is the time of the dog days.

26. 地头地边没有草，庄稼少受虫虫咬。虫害除光，谷米满仓。

26. Without grass around the fields and borders, the crops are less prone to insect bites. When the pests are eliminated, the granaries are filled with grain.

27. 清明忙种粟，谷雨种大田;立夏鹅毛住，小满雀来全;

27. Busy planting millet during Qingming, cultivate large fields during Guyu; when Lixia arrives, geese' feathers settle, and when Xiaoman, sparrows come in full.

28. 刻值千金。大部分地区惊蛰节气平均气温一般为12℃至14℃，较雨水节气升高3℃以上，是全年气温回升最快的节气。日照时数也有比较明显的增加。但是因为冷暖空气交替，天气不稳定，气温波动甚大。华南东南部长江河谷地区，多数年份惊势期间气温稳定在12℃以上，有利于水稻和玉米播种，其余地区则常有连续3 天以上日平均气温在12℃ 以下的低温天气出现，不可盲目早播。惊蛰虽然气温升高迅速，但是雨量增多却有限。 春耕 华南中部和西北部惊蛰期间降雨总量仅10毫米左右，继常年冬干之后，春旱常常开始露头。这时小麦孕穗、油菜开花都处于需水较多的时期，对水分要求敏感，春旱往往成为影响小春产量的重要因素。植树造林也应该考虑这个气候特点，栽后要勤于浇灌，努力提高树苗成活率。春雷惊百虫，温暖的气候条件利于多种病虫害的发生和蔓延，田间杂草也相继萌发，应及时搞好病虫害防治和中耕除草。“桃花开，猪瘟来”，家禽家畜的防疫也要引起重视了。 春耕禁忌 磷矿粉、骨粉等难溶性磷肥不能与草木灰、石灰氨、石灰等碱性肥料混用。否则会中和土壤内的有机酸类物质，使难溶性磷肥更难溶解，作物无法吸收利用。 钙镁磷肥等碱性肥料不能与铵态氨肥混施。因为碱性肥料与铵态氨肥如硫酸铵、碳铵、氯化铵等混施，会导致和增加氨的挥发损失，降低肥效。 人畜粪尿等农家肥不能与钙镁磷肥、草木灰、石灰等碱性肥料混施。因为人畜粪尿中的主要成分是氮，如果与强碱性肥料混用，则会中和而失效。 化肥不能与根瘤菌肥等细菌肥料混施。因为化肥有较强的腐蚀性、挥发性和吸水性，如果与细菌肥料混合施用，会杀伤或抑制活菌体，使肥料失效。 氨水不能与人粪尿、草木灰、钾肥、磷酸铵、氯化钾、尿素、碳铵等混施。碳铵不能与草木灰、人粪尿、钾肥混施。硫酸铵不能与草木灰、碳铵混施。硝酸铵不能与草木灰、氨水等混施。以上所举肥料如果混合施用，都会引起酸碱中和反应，降低肥效。 过磷酸钙不能与草木灰、石灰氮、石灰等碱性肥料混用。因过磷酸钙含有游离酸，呈酸性反应，而上述碱性肥料含钙质较多，如果二者混合施用，会引起酸碱反应，降低肥效，又会使钙固定磷素，导致“两败俱伤”。

28. Priceless. In most areas, the average temperature during the Jiezhong (Awakening of Insects) period is generally 12℃ to 14℃, which is 3℃ higher than that during the Shuili (Rains) period and is the fastest rise in temperature throughout the year. The hours of sunshine also show a significant increase. However, due to the alternation of cold and warm air, the weather is unstable, and the temperature fluctuates greatly. In the long river valleys of South China and Southeast China, the temperature during the Jiezhong period is usually stable at above 12℃ in most years, which is beneficial for the sowing of rice and corn. In other areas, there are often low-temperature weather conditions with an average daily temperature below 12℃ for more than 3 consecutive days, so it is not advisable to plant early blindly. Although the temperature rises rapidly during the Jiezhong period, the increase in rainfall is limited. Spring plowing: During the Jiezhong period in the central and northwestern parts of South China, the total rainfall is only about 10 millimeters, following the usual winter dryness, spring drought often starts to appear. At this time, wheat is in the booting stage and rapeseed is in full bloom, both of which are in a period of high water demand. The sensitivity to water makes spring drought often an important factor affecting the yield of the early spring crops. Afforestation should also take this climatic characteristic into consideration, and it is necessary to water frequently after planting to strive to improve the survival rate of seedlings. The spring thunderstartles all insects; the warm climate conditions are conducive to the occurrence and spread of various pests and diseases, and field weeds also begin to sprout. It is necessary to carry out pest control and tillage weeding in a timely manner. "When the peach blossoms, swine fever comes," so the prevention of poultry and livestock diseases should also be taken seriously. Taboos of spring plowing: Phosphate rock powder, bone powder, and other insoluble phosphate fertilizers cannot be mixed with alkaline fertilizers such as lime ash, lime ammonia, and lime. Otherwise, it will neutralize the organic acid substances in the soil, making the insoluble phosphate fertilizers even more difficult to dissolve, and the crops cannot absorb and utilize them. Alkaline fertilizers such as calcium magnesium phosphate cannot be mixed with ammonium-based fertilizers. Because when alkaline fertilizers are mixed with ammonium-based fertilizers such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium carbonate, and ammonium chloride, it will cause and increase the volatilization loss of ammonia, reducing the efficacy of the fertilizer. F农家 fertilizers such as human and animal excrement cannot be mixed with alkaline fertilizers such as calcium magnesium phosphate, lime ash, and lime. Because the main component of human and animal excrement is nitrogen, if mixed with strong alkaline fertilizers, it will be neutralized and become ineffective. Chemical fertilizers cannot be mixed with bacterial fertilizers such as rhizobia. Because chemical fertilizers have strong corrosiveness, volatility, and hygroscopicity. If mixed with bacterial fertilizers, it will kill or inhibit viable bacteria, making the fertilizer ineffective. Ammonia water cannot be mixed with human and animal excrement, lime ash, potassium fertilizers, ammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, urea, ammonium carbonate, etc. Ammonium carbonate cannot be mixed with lime ash, human and animal excrement, or potassium fertilizers. Ammonium sulfate cannot be mixed with lime ash or ammonium carbonate. Ammonium nitrate cannot be mixed with lime ash or ammonia water. If the fertilizers mentioned above are mixed, they will cause an acid-base neutralization reaction, reducing the efficacy of the fertilizer. Calcium superphosphate cannot be mixed with alkaline fertilizers such as lime ash, lime nitrogen, and lime. Because calcium superphosphate contains free acid and has an acidic reaction, while the aforementioned alkaline fertilizers contain more calcium. If mixed, they will cause an acid-base reaction, reducing the efficacy of the fertilizer and causing the fixation of phosphorus, leading to "both being defeated".

29. 芒种大家乐，夏至不着棉;小暑不算热，大暑在伏天;

29. Enjoy the Dragon Boat Festival, don't wear cotton on the Summer Solstice; it's not hot yet during the Minor Heat, but the Great Heat comes during the Dog Days.

30. 一年学个买卖人 一辈子也学不成个庄稼人

30. It takes a year to learn the trades of a businessman, but a lifetime to become a farmer.

31. 人不勤，地不灵。小桥流水人家 古代人物 民间人物 人物 壁画 中国文化 人物画像 中国风 中华艺术绘画

31. If people are not diligent, the land will not be fertile. Small bridge, flowing water, and a home; ancient figures, folk characters, characters, murals, Chinese culture, character portraits, Chinese style, Chinese art painting.

32. 大雪交冬月，冬至不行船;小寒忙买办，大寒要过年。(黄河流域)

32. Snowfall mixes with winter, no boat sailing on the winter solstice; busy shopping on the Cold Dew, preparing for the New Year on the Great Cold. (Huanghe River Basin)

33. 立春阳气转，雨水落无断;惊蛰雷打声打声，春分雨水干;

33. The beginning of spring brings the shift of Yang energy, the rain continues unceasingly; The Waking of Insects is marked by the sound of thunder, and the Spring Equinox sees the rain diminish.

34. 田里一天走三次不算多，亲戚三年走一次不为疏。

34. Walking three times a day in the fields is not much, and visiting relatives once every three years is not considered distant.

35. 二月下雪小麦吃苦 早锄两遍可以弥补

35. Snow in February brings hardship for wheat, but early weeding twice can make up for it.

36. 立秋收早秋，处暑雨似金;白露白迷迷，秋分秋秀齐;

36. The beginning of autumn reaps an early autumn harvest, the heat of the summer is like gold; The White Dew brings a white mist, the equinox showcases autumn's beauty side by side.

37. 春天不努力，冬天要受饥；夏天不拔草，冬天吃不饱。草是百谷病，不除苗送命。

37. If you don't work hard in spring, you'll starve in winter; if you don't pull the weeds in summer, you won't be full in winter. Weeds are the diseases of all crops, and if you don't remove them, the seedlings will die.

38. 大雪地封严，冬至不行船;小寒三九天，大寒就过年。(辽宁)

38. With heavy snow sealing the ground, there's no sailing on the winter solstice; in the Cold Dawn of the third nine-day period, it's time to celebrate the New Year on the Great Cold Day. (Liaoning)

39. 一月二月挨着做 耙地碾地搭茬子

39. January and February are done one after another, plowing and threshing the land in between.

40. 满地茬秆除个净，来年少生虫和病。螟虫除光，谷米满仓。

40. Clear all the stubble from the ground, and in the coming year, there will be fewer pests and diseases. Eliminate the caterpillars completely, and the granary will be full of rice.

41. 春雨惊春清谷天，夏满芒夏暑相连;秋处露秋寒霜降;冬雪雪冬小大寒。

41. The spring rain startles the spring, clearing the fields and skies; summer is full with the ear of wheat, hot and closely connected; autumn brings dew and autumnal frost descends; winter snows snow in winter, with great and lesser colds.

42. 一个驴粪蛋 半碗小米饭

42. A piece of donkey dung, a half bowl of millet rice.