1. 清明前后怕晚霜，天晴无风要提防。麦怕清明霜，谷怕老来雨。

1. Before and after Qingming, fear the late frost; on clear and windless days, be vigilant. Wheat fears the frost of Qingming, while rice fears the rain in old age.

2. 远在春秋时期，人们便学会了用圭表测量日影的方法，定出春分、夏至、秋分、冬至四个节气。到了秦汉时期，又确立为二十四个节气，其中便包含了清明节。

2. As early as the Spring and Autumn period, people learned to use the gnomon to measure the shadow of the sun and determined the four solar terms: the Spring Equinox, Summer Solstice, Autumn Equinox, and Winter Solstice. By the Qin and Han dynasties, these were expanded to twenty-four solar terms, which included the Qingming Festival.

3. 《周逸书·周月》云：“春三月中气，惊蛰，春分，清明。”朱右曾校释引孔颖达曰：“清明，谓物生清静明洁。”从气候看，清明正值春意盎然，万物竞发，是春耕春播的大好季节。故古人曾用“和风吹绿柳，细雨润花红”的诗句，盛赞清明前后的美丽景象。

3. The text from "Zhou Yi Shu · Zhou Yue" states: "The three middle periods of the third month of spring: Jingzhe (the Awakening of Insects), Chunsong (the Spring Equinox), and Qingming." Zhu Youceng's annotations quote Kong Yingda as saying: "Qingming refers to the state where things are born in purity, clarity, and cleanliness." From a climatic perspective, Qingming is when spring is in full bloom, all things are flourishing, and it is the best season for spring plowing and sowing. Therefore, ancient people once used the poetic lines "Soft breezes turn the willow green, fine rain moistens the red flowers" to highly praise the beautiful scenery around Qingming.

4. 清明-农谚：就是清明时节关于农业生产的谚语，是农民生产经验的概括和形象的反映，对于农业生产有一定的指导作用。

4. Qingming - Rural Proverb: Refers to the proverbs about agricultural production during the Qingming Festival. These are the summarized experiences and vivid reflections of the farmers, and they have certain guiding effects on agricultural production.

5. 清明前后雨纷纷，麦子一定好收成。清明湿了乌鸦毛，今年麦子水里捞。

5. Rain falls in abundance before and after the Qingming Festival, ensuring a good harvest for wheat. If the Qingming Festival is wet, the wheat this year will be harvested from the water.

6. 清明断雪不断雪，谷雨断霜不断霜。风小无云天晴朗，明天早晨要出霜。

6. The Qingming Festival ends snow, but the snow does not stop; the Grain Rain Festival ends frost, but the frost does not stop. When the wind is light and there are no clouds, the sky is clear, and there will be frost in the early morning tomorrow.

7. 由于二十四节气比较客观地反映了一年四季气温、降雨、物候等方面的变化，所以古代劳动人民用它安排农事活动。《淮南子·天文训》云:“春分后十五日，斗指 乙，则清明风至。”按《岁时百问》的说法：“万物生长此时，皆清洁而明净。故谓之清明。”清明一到，气温升高，雨量增多，正是春耕春种的大好时节。故有 “清明前后，点瓜种豆”、“植树造林，莫过清明”的农谚。可见这个节气与农业生产有着密切的关系。

7. Since the 24 solar terms objectively reflect the changes in temperature, rainfall, and phenology throughout the four seasons, ancient laboring people used them to arrange agricultural activities. As recorded in "Huan Niu Zi: Tian Wen Xun," "Fifteen days after the Spring Equinox, the Big Dipper points to Yi, and the Qingming wind arrives." According to "A Hundred Questions on the Time of Year," "At this time, all things grow, clean and bright. Hence, it is called Qingming." Once Qingming arrives, the temperature rises, rainfall increases, and it is the best season for spring plowing and sowing. Therefore, there are agricultural proverbs such as "Plant melons and beans around Qingming" and "There is no better time for planting trees than Qingming." It is evident that this solar term is closely related to agricultural production.

8. 其实清明日期，并不固定在哪一天，一般为公历四月

8. In fact, the Qingming Festival does not fall on a fixed date, but it is generally in April of the Gregorian calendar.

9. 五或六日。宋人吴自牧《梦梁录·卷二·清明节》条说：“清明，京师人从冬至后数起，至一百五日，便是 此日。”跟其他中国传统节日用月亮历法的农历不同，其实清明节是一个太阳历法的公历日期，固定在公历的每年4月4日至4月6日之间。有些同学问清明节是农 历几月几日这个说法是不对的，清明节的农历日期每年都是不同的，他是太阳运行到特定位置上的公历日期。比方说今年清明节是2011年4月5日，跟农历没有 关系。

9. Five or six days. In the "Record of Dreaming in the Liang Court" (Volume 2: Qingming Festival) by the Song Dynasty's Wu Zimiao, it is said: "Qingming Festival, the people of the capital count from the Winter Solstice, up to one hundred and five days, which is the day." Unlike other traditional Chinese festivals that use the lunar calendar based on the moon's cycles, Qingming Festival is actually a solar calendar date, fixed between April 4th and April 6th of the Gregorian calendar each year. Some students ask if the saying "Qingming Festival is the 5th or 6th day of the lunar calendar" is correct. This is not accurate. The date of Qingming Festival in the lunar calendar is different every year; it is the Gregorian date when the sun reaches a specific position. For example, this year's Qingming Festival was on April 5, 2011, which has no relation to the lunar calendar.

10. 清明是我国的农历二十四节气之一，至今已有两千多年的历史，我们看看下面的关于清明节气民间谚语，感受古人的智慧吧！

10. Qingming is one of the 24 solar terms in the Chinese lunar calendar, with a history of over two thousand years. Let's take a look at the following folk sayings about the Qingming solar term to appreciate the wisdom of the ancients!

11. 清明谷雨，寒死老鼠;小满立夏，寒死老郎爸。

11. Qingming and Guyu, the cold kills the mice; Xiaoman and Lixia, the cold kills the old man's father.

12. 清明有雨麦苗肥，谷雨有雨好种棉。清明有雨春苗壮，小满有雨麦头齐。

12. If it rains during Qingming, wheat seedlings thrive; if it rains during Guyu, it's a good time to plant cotton. If it rains during Qingming, spring seedlings are robust; if it rains during Xiaoman, the wheat heads are in perfect alignment.

13. 过了“寒食”，还冷十日。“寒食”莫欢喜，还有十天半月冷天气。

13. After the "Cold Food Festival," it will still be cold for another ten days. Don't be too happy about the "Cold Food Festival," as there will still be a cold spell of ten or more days.