1. 列国周齐秦汉楚，赢，都变做了土。张养浩《山坡羊·骊山怀古》

1. The states of Zhou, Qi, Qin, Han, and Chu have all turned to dust. Zhang Yanghao's "She Mountain Sheep · Lishan怀旧"

2. 终是圣明天子事，景阳宫井又何人。郑畋《马嵬坡》

2. It is the affair of the wise and benevolent ruler; who else but Jingyang Palace Well? - From Zheng Tien's poem "Mawei Slope"

3. 安得广厦千万间，大庇天下寒士俱欢颜，风雨不动安如山。杜甫《茅屋为秋风所破歌》

3. If I had ten thousand spacious houses, they would shelter all the destitute scholars in the world, and their faces would all be filled with joy. They would stand firm against wind and rain, as stable as a mountain. (From Du Fu's poem "The Thatched Cottage Destroyed by Autumn Wind")

4. 北极怀明主，南溟作逐臣。宋之问《途中寒食题黄梅临江驿寄崔融》

4. In the Arctic, he pines for the wise ruler, in the southern depths he is exiled. A line from "On the Journey during the Cold Food Festival, Writing to Cui Rong at Huangmei Linjiang Station" by Song Zhiwen.

5. 死去元知万事空，但悲不见九州同。王师北定中原日，家祭无忘告乃翁。陆游《示儿》

5. To know that all things are empty in death, but to grieve that one does not see the unity of the nine states. On the day when the imperial army conquers the Central Plains, do not forget to offer a sacrifice at home and tell your father. Lu You, "To My Son"

6. 一年三百六十日，多是横戈马上行。戚继光《马上作》

6. In a year of three hundred and sixty days, most of the time is spent riding on horseback, wielding a halberd. Qi Jiguang, "Written on Horseback."

7. 归老宁无五亩田，读书本意在元元。陆游《读书》

7. "If I were to retire, I would still desire five mu of land, for the essence of reading is to enlighten the common people." - Lu You, "On Reading"

8. 且凭天子怒，复倚将军雄。高適《塞下曲》

8. And relying on the emperor's wrath, and again depending on the general's bravery. From "Poems from the Frontier" by Gao Shu.

9. 三万里河东人海，五千仍岳上摩天。遗民泪尽胡尘里，南望王师又一年。陆游《秋夜将晓出篱门迎凉有感》

9. East of the river, thirty thousand miles, people are like the sea; on the five-thousand-foot mountains, the sky touches the heavens. The surviving people's tears have dried up in the dust of the enemy, and they look southward to the king's troops, another year passes. Lu You, "Sensations upon Stepping Out of the Wicker Gate to Welcome the Coolness of the Dawn in the Autumn Night"

10. 行人莫问当年事，故国东来渭水流。许浑《咸阳城东楼》

10. Do not ask about the past when walking by, the Wei River flows eastward from the ancient land. A line from Xu Hun's poem "On the Eastern Tower of Xianyang City."

11. 他乡生白发，旧国见青山。司空曙《贼平后送人北归》

11. In a foreign land, the hair turns white; in the old country, green mountains are seen. (From Si Kongsu's poem "Sending Someone North After the Rebellion Was Quelled")

12. 人情展转闲中看，客路崎岖倦后知。辛弃疾《鹧鸪天·送欧阳国瑞入吴中》

12. The intricacies of human relationships are best observed in leisure, and the ruggedness of the guest's journey is known only after exhaustion. — Xin Qiji, "Zhe Gu Tian · Sending Ouyang Guorui to Wu Zhong"

13. 故国三千里，深宫二十年。张祜《宫词·故国三千里》

13. The motherland is three thousand miles away, deep within the palace for twenty years. (Zhang Hu, "Palace Poem · The Motherland is Three Thousand Miles Away")

14. 此地曾经翠辇过，浮云流水竟如何。香销南国美人尽，怨入东风芳草多。刘沧《经炀帝行宫》

14. Here once glided the green carriage, how now the floating clouds and flowing water? The fragrance of the beauty in the southern lands has all been extinguished, complaints have entered the east wind amidst the abundant fragrant grass. Liu Chang's "Passing by the Palace of Emperor Yang"

15. 长剑倚天谁问，夷甫诸人堪笑，西北有神州。辛弃疾《水调歌头·送杨民瞻》

15. Who dares ask the Long Sword leaning against the sky? The people of Yi Fu are laughable. In the northwest lies the Shenzhou (Divine Land). Xin Qiji, "Shui Diao Ge Dou · Farewell to Yang Minzhan"

16. 关山万里作雄行。秋瑾《鹧鸪天·祖国沉沦感不禁》

16. A thousand miles of mountain passes form a heroic journey. - Qu Jin, "Zhe Gu Tian - Feelings of Sadness for Our Motherland's Downfall"

17. 金瓯已缺总须补，为国牺牲敢惜身！嗟险阻，叹飘零。秋瑾《鹧鸪天·祖国沉沦感不禁》

17. The golden bowl is broken, but it must be mended; I dare sacrifice myself for the country! Alas for the dangers and difficulties, and for the wandering and lost. Qiu Jin, "Zhe Gu Tian · Feeling of Despair at the Sinking of the Motherland"

18. 诗界千年靡靡风，兵魂销尽国魂空。梁启超《读陆放翁集》

18. For a thousand years, the poetic world has been engulfed in a waning breeze, the spirit of soldiers has been completely eroded, and the national spirit is empty. - Liang Qichao, "Reading Lu Fangweng's Collection"

19. 州桥南北是天街，父老年年等驾回。忍泪失声问使者：‘几时真有六军来’范成大《州桥》

19. The State Bridge stretches north to south, and the old couple waits every year for the return of the son. With tears in their eyes, they cannot speak, asking the messenger, "When will the real six armies come?" - Fan Chengda, "State Bridge"

20. 山围故国绕清江，髻鬓对起。周邦彦《西河·大石金陵》

20. The mountains encircle the ancient country, winding around the clear river, the hairpins rise against each other. Zhou Bangyan's "Xihé · Dàshí Jīn líng" (The West River · Great Stone of Jinling).

21. 一腔热血勤珍重，洒去犹能化碧涛。秋瑾《对酒》

21. With a heart full of passion, I cherish it deeply; even as it is shed, it can transform into a jade wave. -- Qu Jin, "To the Wine"

22. 手持三尺定山河，四海为家共饮和。洪秀全《吟剑诗》

22. Holding a three-foot staff, I can define the mountains and rivers, making the four seas my home, drinking in harmony. Hong Xiuquan's "Sword Song"

23. 予若洞庭叶，随波送逐臣。李白《送郄昂谪巴中》

23. If you give me the leaves of Dongting, I will send them floating to follow the exiled official. (Li Bai's poem "Sending Qi Ang to His Exile in Bazhong")

24. 但使龙城飞将在，不教胡马度阴山王昌龄《出塞》

24. If the hero of Longcheng flies, he will not let the Huns cross the Yinshan mountain. -- Wang Changling, "Expedition to the Frontier"

25. 俯视洛阳川，茫茫走胡兵。流血涂野草，豺狼尽冠缨。李白《古风》

25. Overlooking the Luoyang River, the endless Hu soldiers march. Blood stains the wild grass, and the wolves are all adorned with sashes. Li Bai's "Ancient Style."

26. 故国且回首，此意莫匆匆。杨炎正《水调歌头·把酒对斜日》

26. Henceforth, looking back to the motherland, let this sentiment not be hurried. (This is a line from Yang Yan's "Shui Diao Ge Dou · Ba Jiu Dui Xie Ri")

27. 今日楼台鼎鼐，明年带砺山河。刘过《西江月·堂上谋臣尊俎》

27. Today, the palace is grand and magnificent; next year, I will traverse the mountains and rivers. Liu Guo, "Xijiang Yue · The Esteemed Minister's Tableware on the Throne"

28. 位卑未敢忘忧国。陆游《病起书怀》

28. Even in a low position, I have not forgotten to worry about my country. From Lu You's poem "Reflecting on My Illness."

29. 无限伤心夕照中，故国凄凉，剩粉余红。夏完淳《一剪梅·咏柳》

29. In the endless sadness of the setting sun, the old country is desolate, and only the remnants of powder and red remain. Xia Wanchun, "One Clipping of Plum Blossom · In Praise of Willows"

30. 即从巴峡穿巫峡，便下襄阳向洛阳。杜甫《闻官军收河南河北》

30. Through Ba Gorge and through Wu Gorge, we proceed to Xiangyang and then to Luoyang. From Du Fu's poem "Hearing the News of the Imperial Army's Capture of Henan and Hebei."

31. 人生自古谁无死，留取丹心照汗青。文天祥《过零丁洋》

31. Since ancient times, who can escape death? Let a steadfast heart illuminate the annals of history. — Wen Tianxiang, "Crossing the Lingdingyang River"

32. 我自横刀向天笑，去留肝胆两昆仑！谭嗣同《狱中题壁》

32. I laugh in the face of heaven with a sword in hand, my liver and gall in both hands are as firm as the Kunlun Mountains! — Tan Sitong, "Inscribed on the Wall of the Prison"

33. 燕语如伤旧国春，宫花一落已成尘。李益《隋宫燕》

33. The燕's chatter wounds the spring of the old country, the palace flowers fall and turn to dust. From Li Yi's poem "The Swallows of the Sui Palace."

34. 僵卧孤村不自哀，尚思为国戍轮台。陆游《十一月四日风雨大作》

34. Lying stiff in an isolated village, I do not grieve myself; still I think of guarding the Luntai Pass for my country. (From Lu You's poem "On the Fourth of the Eleventh Month, when the Rain and Wind Are Great.")

35. 云白山青万余里，愁看直北是长安。杜甫《小寒食舟中作》

35. The Yunbai Mountain is green and vast over ten thousand miles, and I sorrowfully gaze towards the straight north, it is Chang'an. (From Du Fu's poem "Writing on a Boat During the Small Cold Food Festival")

36. 生当作人杰，死亦为鬼雄。至今思项羽，不肯过江东。李清照《夏日绝句》

36. To be a hero while alive, to be a hero even after death. Even to this day, I still think of Xiang Yu, who would not cross the Yangtze River to the east. (This is from Li Qingzhao's poem "Summer Farewell Ode.")

37. 苟利国家生死以，岂因祸福避趋之！林则徐《赴戍登程口占示家人》

37. "If it is for the benefit of the state, I would face life and death, how could I avoid or seek fortune and misfortune!" — Lin Zexu, "A Poem to Be Recited on the Way to the Frontier"

38. 使臣将王命，岂不如贼焉。元结《贼退示官吏》

38. The ambassador carries the king's command; is it not as if he were a thief? Yuan Jie's "Notice to Official Bureaucrats After the Retreat of the Bandits"

39. 捐躯赴国难，视死忽如归。曹植《白马篇》

39. To sacrifice oneself for the country's plight, death is treated as if returning home. From Cao Zhi's poem "The White Horse Chapter."

40. 医得眼前疮，剜却心头肉聂夷中《咏田家》

40. "Healing the wound before his eyes, he carved out the flesh in his heart." - Nie Yichong, "Song Tianjia" (Singing about the Peasant)

41. 一自胡尘入汉关，十年伊洛路漫漫。陈与义《咏牡丹》

41. Since the dusty Hu entered the Han Pass, ten years have passed, and the route of Yi and Luo is long and winding. — From Chen Youyi's poem "Praise of Peony."

42. 剑外忽传收蓟北，初闻涕泪满衣裳。杜甫《闻官军收河南河北》

42. Suddenly news came from outside the Sword that the northern region of Jí was conquered, at first hearing it tears filled my robe. Du Fu's "Hearing the Military Forces Recaptured Henan and Hebei."

43. 可怜无定河边骨，犹是春闺梦里人。陈陶《陇西行》

43. The bones scattered by the ever-changing river are pitiful, yet they remain the beloved in the dreams of a springtime chamber. From "The March to Longxi" by Chen Tao.

44. 愿得此身长报国，。何须生入玉门关。戴叔伦《塞上曲二首》

44. May this body always serve the country, why should I have to enter the Jade Gate Pass in life? — From Dai Shulun's "Two Songs on the Frontier."

45. 一去隔绝国，思归但长嗟。李白《千里思》

45. Left behind in a distant land, I sigh longingly for home. (Li Bai, "Thoughts of a Thousand Miles")

46. 北国风光，千里冰封，万里雪飘。毛泽东《沁园春·雪》

46. The scenery of the northern land, a thousand miles of ice-covered land, ten thousand miles of snowflakes drifting. - Mao Zedong, "The Snow of Spring in the Marshes"

47. 天与三台座，人当万里城。张九龄《奉和圣制送尚书燕国公赴朔方》

47. The heavens and the Three Stars throne, a person should rule over a thousand miles of city. Zhang Jiuling's "Following the Imperial Edict to Send the Minister of Works, Yan Guogong, to the Shuofang Region."