1. 《清史稿·李鸿章传》评价说：“中兴名臣，与兵事相终始，其勋业往往为武功所掩。鸿章既平大难，独主国事数十年，内政外交，常以一身当其冲，国家倚为重轻，名满全球，中外震仰，近世所未有也。生平以天下为己任，忍辱负重，庶不愧社稷之臣；惟才气自喜，好以利禄驱众，志节之士多不乐为用，缓急莫恃，卒致败误。疑谤之起，抑岂无因哉？”

1. The "Qing History Script: Biography of Li Hongzhang" evaluates him as follows: "A famous minister of the中兴 era, his entire life was intertwined with military affairs, and his meritorious service was often overshadowed by military achievements. After Li Hongzhang successfully resolved the great difficulty, he independently handled national affairs for decades, often bearing the brunt of internal and foreign affairs alone. The nation relied heavily on him, his reputation was known worldwide, and he was revered both domestically and internationally, a phenomenon unseen in recent times. Throughout his life, he regarded the welfare of the country as his own responsibility, endured dishonor and carried heavy burdens, and was not ashamed to be a minister of the state. However, he was too proud of his talents, and liked to use wealth and status to rally people, which caused many men of principle to be unwilling to serve under him. In times of emergency, he had no reliable support, and ultimately led to failure and mistakes. Could the rise of suspicion and vilification not have been for no reason?"

2. Ps:洋务运动失败的原因:1，西方列强不真心支持 2，顽固派的阻挠 3，洋务派缺乏健全的领导核心 4，立新而不破旧，没有彻底变革封建制度(这也是最根本的原因)

2. PS: The reasons for the failure of the Self-Strengthening Movement: 1. The Western powers did not sincerely support it; 2. Obstruction from the顽固派 (obstinant faction); 3. Lack of a sound leadership core among the Self-Strengthening Party; 4. Failing to fundamentally reform the feudal system by establishing new things without overthrowing the old (which is also the most fundamental reason).

3. 这是指洋务运动，作为一场在封建制度没落时期的地主阶级的自救运动，洋务运动想在不改变封建制度的前提下通过积极引进西方先进科学技术来维护清朝统治，从本质上来说是必定会失败的。

3. This refers to the Self-Strengthening Movement, which was a self-rescue movement of the landlord class during the decline of the feudal system. The Self-Strengthening Movement aimed to maintain the rule of the Qing Dynasty by actively introducing advanced Western science and technology without changing the feudal system, which, in essence, was bound to fail.

4. 谣诼之来本非意料所备，息谤莫若自涤，流言止于智者，尽其在我，何惧人言。

4. The rumors that come are not within the expectations, and the best way to stop defamation is to cleanse oneself. Rumors stop with the wise, and as much as lies within my power, why should I fear people's talk?

5. 梁启超《李鸿章传》对其评价是：“吾敬李鸿章之才，吾惜李鸿章之识，吾悲李鸿章之遇。”“吾欲以两言论之，曰：不学无术、不敢破格，是其所短也；不避劳苦、不畏谤言，是其所长也。”

5. Liang Qichao's evaluation of Li Hongzhang in "The Life of Li Hongzhang" is: "I admire Li Hongzhang's talent, I regret Li Hongzhang's insight, I mourn Li Hongzhang's fate." "I wish to comment on it with two statements: Not being educated and lacking skills, and not daring to break conventions, are his shortcomings; not avoiding hardship, and not fearing slanders, are his strengths."

6. 夫人惟气之盛者，能舍人之所不能舍，而为人之所不能为。

6. Only those with a strong spirit can let go of what others cannot, and do what others cannot do.

7. 出水芙蓉，光华夺目。曾几何时无复当初颜色？苍松翠柏，视似平常，而百年不谢也。

7.出水芙蓉， radiant and dazzling. How long has it been since it has lost its original color? The ancient pine and cypress trees, though looking ordinary, have not withered for a century.

8. 人生遭遇本有一定，但当尽其在我，以待事会之来。

8. Life naturally has its own set of encounters, but one should do their best to prepare for them, waiting for the arrival of events.

9. 得失常事，不足虑，总以发奋读书为主。

9. Unexpected losses are not something to worry about; the main focus should always be on studying hard.

10. 从前历佐诸帅，茫无指归，至此如识指南针，获益匪浅。

10. In the past, the various military leaders of Lizi were at a loss and had no direction. But now, it's as if they have discovered the compass, and have gained a great deal from it.

11. 实心实力，廉政为本，精核为用，先自立于不败之地，始终不移，庶几可大可久。

11. Filled with solid strength, integrity is at the core, meticulousness is the method, first establish oneself in a position of invincibility, remain steadfast, and perhaps achieve great things that last long.

12. “裱糊匠”是来自李鸿章在甲午中日战争后的反省语：“我办一辈子的事，练兵也，海军也，都是纸糊的老虎……不过勉强涂饰，虚有其表。” 从中不难看出其无奈之心，所谓“裱糊匠”就是指李鸿章企图为维护清朝统治、抵制外侮也尽一份力，但在半殖民地半封建的旧中国，结果只能是失败，所以他的所作所为也只不过是勉强减缓一下清朝灭亡的速度，终究还是得灭亡。。

12. "Paperhanger" is a term of reflection from Li Hongzhang after the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895: "All my life, I have been engaged in matters such as training troops and building the navy, all of which are just paper tigers... Just勉强涂饰, 虚有其表." From this, it is not difficult to see his sense of helplessness. The so-called "paperhanger" refers to Li Hongzhang's attempt to contribute to maintaining the Qing Dynasty's rule and resisting foreign aggression, but in the semi-colonial and semi-feudal old China, the result could only be failure. Therefore, his actions could only temporarily alleviate the speed of the Qing Dynasty's downfall, and in the end, it still had to perish.

13. 凡论事，只论是非，不能顾毁誉利害。

13. In discussing matters, one should solely consider right and wrong, and not be concerned with reputation or the benefits and harms.

14. 体气多病，得名人文集，静心读之，亦足以养病。

14. Having a body prone to illness, one is known for his collection of essays. Reading it with a calm mind is also sufficient to nurture one's illness.

15. 法待人而后行，事因时为变通，若徒墨守旧章，拘牵浮议，则为之而必不成，成之而必不久。

15. Treat people with fairness before acting, adapt to circumstances with flexibility. If one merely adheres to outdated rules and is confined by superficial opinions, then the endeavor is bound to fail, and even if it succeeds, it will not endure for long.

16. 庙堂内外议论，人心皆难画一，无真能主持之权，即断无通力合作之日。

16. Within and outside the temple, there is much discussion, and the hearts of people are hard to unify. Without the real power to preside, there can be no day of concerted effort.

17. 近代史学家唐德刚（安徽合肥人，李鸿章同乡）认为其“内悦昏君，外御列强”，是自有近代外交以来，中国出了“两个半”外交家的其中一个，（另外周恩来是一个，顾维钧是半个。）

17. Modern historian Tang De gang (from Hefei, Anhui, a fellow hometown with Li Hongzhang) believes that his "pleasing the incompetent ruler internally and resisting the Western powers externally" is one of the "two and a half" great diplomats China has produced since the advent of modern diplomacy (the other is Zhou Enlai, and Gu Weijun is half a diplomat).

18. 李鸿章对自己作出以下的总结：“我办了一辈子的事，练兵也，海军也，都是纸糊的老虎，何尝能实在放手办理，不过勉强涂饰，虚有其表，不揭破，犹可敷衍一时。如一间破屋，由裱糊匠东补西贴，居然成一间净室，虽明知为纸片糊裱，然究竟决不定里面是何等材料。即有小小风雨，打成几个窟窿，随时补葺，亦可支吾对付。乃必欲爽手扯破，又未预备何种修葺材料，何种改造方式，自然真相破露，不可收拾，但裱糊匠又何术能负其责？”

18. Li Hongzhang summed up his own experiences as follows: "Throughout my life, I have been involved in various endeavors, including military training and the navy, all of which were like paper tigers. How could I ever truly take them to heart and handle them with full force? I could only patch things up, giving them a superficial appearance. As long as I didn't expose the truth, I could still muddle through for a while. It's like a dilapidated house, patched up here and there by a paperhanger, and suddenly it becomes a clean room. Although I know it's made of paper, I can't be sure of what material is inside. Even if there are small storms that create some holes, they can be patched up as needed to cope. But if someone were to tear it apart without preparing any repair materials or any plans for reconstruction, the truth would inevitably be exposed and become unmanageable. But what can the paperhanger do to take responsibility for that?"

19. 办天下大事，贵实心，尤贵虚心。非真知灼见不能办事，亦不能论事，贵耳贱目，最足误事。

19. To handle great affairs of the world, it is crucial to have a sincere heart, and even more so, a humble heart. Without true knowledge and insightful understanding, one cannot handle affairs, nor can one discuss them. Paying more attention to hearsay than to one's own eyes can lead to the most detrimental outcomes.

20. 人才随风气为转移，须自上而率之，此议实为探源。

20. Talents follow the prevailing风气 and must be led from the top, this proposal is indeed to trace the origin.

21. 办事久则阅历透，必多沈著痛快之处，非文人空谈所及。

21. The longer one handles official matters, the more profound one's experiences will be, filled with moments of profound calmness and satisfaction, which cannot be achieved through mere literary chatter.

22. 孙中山上书李鸿章时，这样说李鸿章：“我中堂佐治以来，无利不兴，无弊不革，艰难险阻，尤所不辞。如筹海军、铁路之难，尚毅然而成立，况于农桑之大政，为民生命脉之所关，且无行之难，又有行之人，岂尚有不为者乎？”

22. When Sun Yat-sen wrote to Li Hongzhang, he said to Li Hongzhang: "Since I have assisted in governance, I have undertaken nothing that has not been prosperous and nothing that has not been reformed. I have not shied away from difficulties and dangers. When it comes to the challenges of establishing a navy and railways, we have persevered and succeeded. What more can be said of the great policies of agriculture and silk, which are the lifelines of the people? There is no difficulty in enacting these policies, and there are people who are willing to implement them. Can there still be anyone who would not act?"

23. 然病者，身也，而心志则不能病也。当病之时，宜息养其身，而不可灰颓其志气。立心坚确，阴阳亦退而听命也。

23. Although the body is ill, the mind and will cannot be. During times of illness, one should rest and nurture their body, but should not allow their spirit to be defeated. By maintaining a firm and steadfast mind, the balance of yin and yang will also retreat and obey.

24. 大丈夫生世，惟血气养性不可磨灭，否则入魔道矣。

24. In a man's life on earth, the cultivation of character through one's vital energy is unerasable; otherwise, one may fall into the path of demons.

25. 受尽天下百官气，养就胸中一段春。?>

25. Having endured the grievances of all officials under heaven, I have nurtured a spring in my heart.