1. 如果教育是各种自然倾向和能力的正常增长，那么注意成长过程中每天的特殊形式是确保成人生活成就的唯一途径。人类的成长是各种能力逐渐成长的结果。童年的真正意义是成长和发展。（杜伟：明天的学校，学校和社会middot;人民教育出版社1994年版《明日学校》，第223页)

1. If education is the normal growth of various natural tendencies and abilities, then paying attention to the special forms of growth every day during the process of growth is the only way to ensure the achievements of adulthood. Human growth is the result of the gradual growth of various abilities. The true meaning of childhood is growth and development. (Du Wei: Tomorrow's School, School and Society · People's Education Press, 1994 Edition "Tomorrow's School", page 223)

2. 身体最强健的人不容易受饮食或劳动的影响，最茁壮的草木也不容易受风日的影响。

2. The fittest individuals are not easily affected by diet or labor, and the most robust plants are also not easily affected by wind and sun.

3. 儿童的培养不同于成年人。我们不能给他们成年的东西。我们应该适应他们的生理和心理特征，实现儿童化。儿童的重要性是符合儿童的特点hellip;hellip;儿童不是成年人的缩影，而是有其独特的生理和心理特征。幼儿期是身体和智力发展的一个极其重要的时期。我们必须掌握其特点和科学的成长和发展规律，才能教育和提高幼儿园。（陈鹤琴：《幼儿教育科学实验》、《陈鹤琴全集》第二卷、2008年江苏教育出版社第503卷～504页）

3. The nurturing of children is different from that of adults. We cannot give them adult things. We should adapt to their physical and psychological characteristics and achieve a child-like approach. The importance of children lies in their characteristics... Children are not mini-adults, but have unique physical and psychological features. Childhood is an extremely important period for physical and intellectual development. We must understand their characteristics and the scientific laws of growth and development in order to educate and improve kindergarten. (Chen Heqin: "Scientific Experiment in Early Childhood Education," "Complete Works of Chen Heqin," Volume II, Jiangsu Educational Publishing House, 2008, Volume 503-504)

4. 儿童是哲学家hellip;hellip;他们是真理的爱好者，有很多问题，一个接一个，就像连珠炮一样。有极其珍贵的东西在闪耀，有无数神秘的萌芽。然而，这些被瘫痪、平庸、愚蠢的成年人践踏和压抑，即教师。（小元国芳：《道德教学创新理论》、《小元国芳教育选择》下卷，人民教育出版社1993年版，第179页）

4. Children are philosophers... They are lovers of truth, with numerous questions, one after another, coming out like a hail of bullets. There are extremely precious things shining, and countless mysterious buds. However, these are trampled upon and suppressed by paralyzed, ordinary, and foolish adults, namely, teachers. (Xiaoyuan Guofang: "Innovative Theory of Moral Education," "Xiaoyuan Guofang's Educational Choices," Volume 2, People's Education Press, 1993, page 179)

5. 一切都取决于hellip;hellip;下一代能做什么？hellip;hellip;教育决定了人类未来的生存。教育的衰落意味着人类的衰落hellip;hellip;塑造孩子就是塑造未来。(雅斯贝尔斯:1992年版社会科学文献出版社《现代人》第56页)

5. Everything depends on what the next generation can do...;...Education determines the survival of human future. The decline of education means the decline of humanity...;...Shaping children is shaping the future. (Jaspers: In the 1992 edition of "Contemporary People" published by the Social Science Literature Press, page 56)

6. 任何一个东西都有一种特有的功能，某个工作或许只有它能做，或者它做得比其他更好。

6. Any object has a unique function; perhaps there is a task that only it can perform, or it can do it better than any other.

7. 顽固和迟钝足以使人衰落和死亡。童年的情况是未来的命运。我们的新人物谈论爱情、小家庭、自力更生和快乐，但很少有人为孩子提出家庭教育、学校教育和社会改革的问题。（鲁迅：《上海儿童》引自《鲁迅教育思想与实践》，2001年版人民教育出版社第395页）

7. Stubbornness and dullness are enough to bring about decline and death. The conditions of childhood are the destiny of the future. Our new characters talk about love, the nuclear family, self-reliance, and happiness, but few raise issues of home education, school education, and social reform for children. (Lu Xun: "Shanghai Children" cited from "Lu Xun's Educational Thoughts and Practices," 2001 edition, People's Education Press, page 395)

8. 征服自己需要更大的勇气，其胜利也是所有胜利中最光荣的胜利。

8. It takes greater courage to conquer oneself, and its victory is the most glorious victory among all victories.

9. 先入为主，早年接受的观点总是根深蒂固，不易改变。因此，我们应该特别注意，为了培养美德，孩子们应该首先听到最美丽、最高贵的故事。（柏拉图：1986年商务印书馆版《理想国家》，第73页）

9. Preconceived notions are deeply rooted in early years and are not easily changed. Therefore, we should pay special attention to the fact that in order to cultivate virtue, children should first hear the most beautiful and noble stories. (Plato: "The Republic", 1986 edition published by the Commercial Press, page 73)

10. 《理想国》是古希腊著名哲学家柏拉图（Plato 公元前427-公元前347年）重要的对话体著作之一。一般认为属于柏拉图的中期对话，本书分为十卷。在柏拉图的著作中，不仅篇幅最长，而且内容十分丰富，涉及其哲学的各个方面，尤其对他的**哲学，认识论等有详细的讨论。

10. "The Republic" is one of the important dialogic works of the renowned ancient Greek philosopher Plato (Plato, 427 BC - 347 BC). It is generally considered to belong to Plato's middle period dialogues, and the book is divided into ten volumes. In Plato's works, it is not only the longest in terms of length but also contains a wealth of content, covering various aspects of his philosophy, particularly with detailed discussions of his**philosophy** and**epistemology**.

11. 当美的灵魂与美的外表和谐地融为一体，人们就会看到，这是世上最完善的美。

11. When the soul of beauty is harmoniously integrated with the outward appearance of beauty, people will see that this is the most perfect beauty in the world.

12. 介绍：苏格拉底（希腊语：Σωκρτη英语：Socrates）（公元前469年～公元前399年），古希腊著名的思想家、哲学家、教育家、公民陪审员。

12. Introduction: Socrates (Greek: Σωκρτης, English: Socrates) (469 BC – 399 BC), a renowned Greek thinker, philosopher, educator, and citizen juror.

13. 我真敬佩你，因为你并不曾宁愿得到金银的宝库而不要智慧的宝库；显然，你以为金子和银子都不能使人较为好一些，而有智慧的人的思想却能使人富有美德。

13. I truly admire you, for you have never preferred the treasure of gold and silver over the treasure of wisdom; it is evident that you believe gold and silver cannot make a person better, while the thoughts of a wise person can enrich one with virtues.

14. 出自：〔古希腊〕苏格拉底：《苏格拉底回忆录》

14. Source: [Ancient Greece] Socrates: "Memoirs of Socrates"

15. 智慧有五个特征：通晓一切；知道最困难的东西；最明确地讲述原因；为自身而求取，而不为结果而求取；在诸科学中占据主导地位。

15. Wisdom has five characteristics: understanding everything; knowing the most difficult things; explaining causes most clearly; seeking for itself rather than for the result; and holding a leading position among all sciences.

16. 智慧一定具有更神圣的品质，这是永不会丧失它的效能的；可是，由于它的方向不同，于是或为有用与有益，或为无用与有害。

16. Wisdom must necessarily possess a more sacred quality, which will never lose its efficacy; yet, due to its different direction, it may be either useful and beneficial or useless and harmful.

17. 凡勇敢、克制、公正，比诸真德皆惟依智慧而立。

17. Bravery, self-control, and justice, all true virtues, are solely established upon wisdom.

18. 许多胜利都会为胜利者带来杀身之祸，过去如此，将来也一定如此。

18. Many victories will bring about death for the victors, as has been the case in the past and will surely be the case in the future.

19. 当事物状况最佳时，最不易被其他事物改变或影响。例如，强壮的身体不易受饮食或劳累的影响而发生改变；健康的植物也不易受阳光、风、雨等的影响而发生改变。人的心灵不也是一样的吗？最勇敢、最智慧的心灵是最不容易受到外界的干扰和影响而改变的。

19. When things are in their best state, they are least easily changed or influenced by other things. For example, a strong body is not easily altered by diet or fatigue; a healthy plant is also not easily affected by sunlight, wind, rain, etc. Isn't the human mind the same? The most brave and wise minds are the least susceptible to interference and influence from the outside world.

20. 有些常识的人都会记得，眼睛的困惑有两种，也来自两种起因，不是因为走出光明，就是因为走进光明所致，不论是人体的眼睛或是心灵的眼睛，都是如此。记得这些事的人，当他们看到别人迷茫、虚弱的眼神，他们不会任意嘲笑，而会先询问这个人的灵魂是否刚从更明亮的生命走出来，因为不适应黑暗而无法看清周遭；或是他刚从黑暗走入光明，因为过多的光芒而目眩。他会认为其中一个人的情况与心境是快乐的，並对另一个人产生怜悯。或是，他可能会有心情嘲笑从幽冥走进光明的灵魂，但这总比嘲笑从光明世界回到黑暗洞穴的人更有道理。

20. Anyone with common sense would remember that there are two kinds of confusion in the eyes, which arise from two different causes: either from stepping out of brightness or from stepping into brightness. This applies to both the eyes of the human body and the eyes of the soul. Those who remember these things will not mock others carelessly when they see them bewildered and weak-eyed, but will first inquire whether the soul of the person has just emerged from a brighter life and is unable to see the surroundings due to the unaccustomed darkness; or whether they have just stepped from darkness into light and are dazzled by the excessive brightness. They might consider one person's condition and state of mind to be joyful and feel compassion for the other. Or, they might feel like mocking the soul that has stepped from the realm of the dead into light, but this is still more reasonable than mocking a person who returns from the light world to the dark cave.

21. 如果我们从童年开始，我们不会浪费一天，每天学习，每天努力工作；如果我们聪明地划掉文学和艺术中不相关、多余和无用的东西，我们会自信地说，在我们到达亚历山大之前，我们将成为比世界统治者更伟大、更光荣的主人。我们不会抱怨生命的短暂和文学和艺术的缓慢发展。（弥尔顿：1989年人民教育出版社版的《维护与学习》、《中世纪教育文化选择》和《590》mdash;591页）

21. If we began from childhood, we would not waste a single day, learning every day, working hard every day; if we wisely discard the irrelevant, redundant, and useless things in literature and art, we would confidently say that before we reach Alexander, we will have become greater and more glorious masters than the world's rulers. We would not complain about the brevity of life and the slow development of literature and art. (Milton: "Defense and Learning," "Selections from Medieval Educational Culture," and "590" - 591 pages in the 1989 edition published by People's Education Press)

22. 除非男女受着一样的教育，否则就不能使妇人有同男人一样的责任。

22. Unless men and women receive the same education, it is not possible to give women the same responsibilities as men.

23. 财富与贫穷，一个是奢华和懒惰之母，另一个是卑劣与恶毒之母，而两者都是不知满足的源头。

23. Wealth and poverty, one is the mother of luxury and laziness, and the other is the mother of meanness and malevolence, both of which are the sources of ungratified desires.

24. 教育是约束和指导青少年，培养他们正当的理智。每个人最初所受教育的方向容易决定以后行为的性质，感召的力量是不小的。

24. Education is the constraint and guidance of adolescents, cultivating their proper reason. The direction of the initial education that each person receives is easy to determine the nature of their future behavior, and the power of influence is significant.

25. 一个人的价值，是要看他有权利时候的所作所为

25. A person's value lies in what they do when they have the right to do so.

26. 人的教育在他出生的时候就开始了，在能够说话和听别人说话以前，他已经就受到教育了。经验是先于教育的；在他认识他的乳母的时候，他已经获得了很多的经验。（卢梭：《爱弥儿》，商务印书馆1978年版，第48页）

26. Human education begins at the moment of birth, and by the time he is able to speak and listen to others, he has already received education. Experience precedes education; by the time he knows his wet nurse, he has gained a lot of experience. (Rousseau: "Emile", published by the Commercial Press, 1978, page 48)

27. 儿童有一种自我吸收的心理，这给教育行业带来了一场革命。现在我们可以很容易地理解为什么人类发展的第一个时期，人格形成的时期，是最重要的。正是在这一时期，儿童最需要明智的帮助，任何影响他们创造活动的障碍都会影响他们的充分发展。我们应该帮助孩子们。因此，我们不再把儿童视为弱生物，而是给儿童巨大的创造力，但这种能力非常脆弱，需要爱和正确的保护。（蒙台梭利：1993年人民教育出版社《吸收心理学》、《蒙台梭利幼儿教育科学方法》第346页）

27. Children have a psychological absorption, which has brought about a revolution in the education industry. Now we can easily understand why the first period of human development, the period of personality formation, is the most important. It is during this period that children most need wise assistance, and any obstacle affecting their creative activities will hinder their full development. We should help the children. Therefore, we no longer regard children as weak beings, but attribute them with great creativity, but this ability is very fragile and requires love and proper protection. (Montessori: People's Education Press, 1993, "Psychology of Absorption," "Scientific Method of Montessori Early Childhood Education," p. 346)

28. 我一息尚存而力所能及，总不会放弃爱智之学。

28. As long as I have a breath left and the strength within me, I will never abandon the pursuit of wisdom.

29. 人心可分为二，一部较善，一部较恶。善多而能制止恶，斯即足以云自主，而为所誉美；设受不良之教育，或经恶人之熏染，致恶这一部较大，而善这一部日益侵削，斯为己之奴隶，而众皆唾弃其人矣。

29. The human heart can be divided into two parts, one being relatively good and the other relatively evil. If the good part is predominant and can suppress the evil, then one can be said to be self-governing and thus be praised and admired. However, if one receives poor education or is corrupted by evil people, leading to the dominance of the evil part while the good part is gradually eroded, then one becomes a slave to oneself, and everyone will despise such a person.

30. 对于如花含苞、如草初萌的孩子，我们应该用好的教育方法来教育他们

30. For children who are like blossoming flowers or newly sprouting grass, we should use good educational methods to educate them.

31. 技艺没有知识，他对于那种技艺的语言和作为，就不能作正确的判断了。

31. Without knowledge, one cannot make a correct judgment of the language and actions of that skill.

32. 教育的目标是教会我们爱美。

32. The goal of education is to teach us to love beauty.

33. 节制就是天性优秀和天性低劣的部分在谁应当统治，谁应当被统治(不管是在国家里还是在个人身上)这个问题上所表现出来的这种一致性和协调。

33. Temperance is the consistency and harmony shown in the question of who should rule and who should be ruled, whether it be in the state or in individuals, between the parts of nature that are excellent and the parts that are inferior.

34. 爱情，只有情，可以使人敢于为所爱的人献出生命；这一点，不但男人能做到，而且女人也能做到。

34. Love, pure love, is the only thing that can make a person dare to sacrifice their life for the one they love; this is something that not only men can do, but women can do as well.

35. 无论你从什么时候开始，重要的是开始后就不要停止；无论你从什么时候结束，重要的是结束后就不要悔恨。

35. No matter when you start, what's important is not to stop once you've begun; no matter when you end, what's important is not to regret it once it's over.

36. 儿童是国家的基础，未来中华人民共和国的建设必须依靠他们。儿童的身心还不成熟，所以儿童教育应该更多地采用培养的方式。（盐阳初：1993年人民教育出版社版《中国农村教育问题》、《盐阳初教育选择》第256页）

36. Children are the foundation of the nation, and the construction of the future of the People's Republic of China must rely on them. Since children's physical and mental development is not yet mature, children's education should adopt more of a nurturing approach. (Yanyangchu: In the 1993 edition of "Issues in Rural Education in China" and "Yanyangchu's Educational Choices" published by People's Education Press, page 256)

37. 最有道德的人，是那些有道德却不须由外表表现出来而仍感满足的人。

37. The most morally upright individuals are those who possess morality and yet feel content without needing to display it externally.

38. 任何教育改革都必须基于人性。人本身必须成为教育的中心。我们应该记住，人不是在大学里发展起来的，而是自出生以来的心理发展，在生命的头三年里发展最快。在此期间，积极关注儿童的发展比其他任何时期都更为必要。（蒙台梭利：1993年人民教育出版社第328页的《吸收心理学》、《蒙台梭利幼儿教育科学方法》）

38. Any educational reform must be based on human nature. The human being itself must be the center of education. We should remember that humans do not develop in universities, but rather their psychological development starts from birth, with the fastest growth occurring in the first three years of life. During this period, active attention to the child's development is more necessary than at any other time. (Montessori: "Psychology of Absorption" and "Scientific Method in Montessori Early Childhood Education," People's Education Press, 1993, p. 328)

39. 《理想国》简介

39. Introduction to "The Republic"

40. 一群被迫生活在洞穴里的人，无法走出洞穴，于是只能通过外界的事物留在洞穴中的一面墙壁上的影子来了解外部世界。

40. A group of people forced to live in caves, unable to leave the caves, can only understand the outside world through the shadows of external objects cast on one wall inside the cave.

41. 我们一直寻找的，却是自己原本早已拥有的；我们总是东张西望，唯独漏了自己想要的，这就是我们至今难以如愿以偿的原因。?>

41. What we have been searching for all along is something we already possessed all along; we always look here and there, but we always miss what we truly want, and this is the reason why we have been unable to fulfill our desires until now.

42. 一切开始都是最重要的。尤其是生物，在年轻柔嫩的阶段，最容易被陶冶。你可以塑造你想塑造的任何类型。(柏拉图:理想国，1986年商务印书馆版，第71页)

42. Everything that begins is the most important. Especially in the tender and youthful stage of life, organisms are most susceptible to molding. You can shape any type of being that you wish to shape. (Plato: Republic, published by 商务印书馆 in 1986, page 71)

43. 人生幼小，精神专利，长大后思考放松，固须早教，不失机hellip;hellip;幼年学者，如日出之光，老年学者，如秉烛夜行，犹贤闭上眼睛，无视。(颜之推:颜氏家训middot;勉学》）

43. When young, the spirit is unique and exclusive; as one grows older, thoughts become relaxed. Therefore, early education is necessary, and opportunities should not be missed... Young scholars are like the light of the sunrise, and old scholars are like those carrying candles in the night. Even the wise, if they close their eyes, can turn a blind eye to it. (Yan Zhitui: The Yan Family Instructions · Strive to Learn)

44. 《理想国》又译作《国家篇》、《共和国》等，与柏拉图大多数著作一样以苏格拉底为主角用对话体写成，共分10卷，其篇幅之长仅次于《法律篇》，一般认为属于柏拉图中期的作品。这部哲学大全不仅是柏拉图对自己此前哲学思想的概括和总结，而且是当时各门学科的综合，它探讨了哲学、**、伦理道德、教育、文艺等等各方面的问题，以理念论为基础，建立了一个系统的理想国家方案。

44. "The Republic," also known as "The Statesman" or "The Polis," is a work by Plato, similar to most of his other writings, where Socrates is the central character and the text is written in a dialogic form. It is divided into ten books, and its length is second only to "The Laws." It is generally considered to be one of Plato's middle-period works. This philosophical compendium is not only a summary and conclusion of Plato's philosophical thoughts up to that point but also a synthesis of various disciplines of the time. It explores issues in philosophy, **(original text is missing), ethics, morality, education, literature, and the arts, etc., based on the theory of forms, and establishes a systematic plan for an ideal state.

45. 每个人的心都有自己的方式，必须以自己的方式指导他；必须通过这种形式而不是其他形式的教育，才能使你花费的努力取得成果hellip;hellip;如果你在不知道如何开始之前就开始行动，那么你将不可避免地盲目地从事，很容易犯错误，不得不再次这样做。因此，你渴望实现你的目标，但结果不如小心地快速前进。（卢梭：1978年版的《爱弥儿》，第978年版的商业印书馆～98页）

45. Every heart has its own way, and must be guided in its own way; it is only through this form of education rather than any other that the efforts you put forth can yield results... If you start acting before you know how to begin, you will inevitably proceed blindly, easily make mistakes, and have to do it all over again. Therefore, while you may be eager to achieve your goals, proceeding cautiously and quickly is preferable to acting impulsively. (Rousseau: Emile, 1978 edition, published by Commercial Press, page 98)

46. 初期教育应是一种娱乐，这样才更容易发现一个人天生的爱好。

46. Early education should be entertaining, as it is easier to discover a person's innate interests in this way.

47. 爱是美好带来的欢欣，智慧创造的奇观，神仙赋予的惊奇。缺乏爱的人渴望得到它，拥有爱的人万般珍惜它。

47. Love is the joy brought by beauty, the marvel created by wisdom, and the wonder bestowed by the immortals. Those who lack love yearn for it, and those who possess love cherish it deeply.

48. 好人之所以好是因为他是有智慧的，坏人之所以坏是因为他是愚蠢的。

48. The reason why a good person is good is because he is wise, and the reason why a bad person is bad is because he is foolish.

49. 一个人从小接受的教育，可以决定他后来去哪里。(柏拉图:1986年商务印书馆版《理想国》第140页)

49. The education a person receives from a young age can determine where he goes later in life. (Plato: Chapter 140 of the 1986 edition of "The Republic" published by the Commercial Press)

50. 而那种敏于怀疑的狡诈之徒，以及那种自己干过许多坏事的人和认为自己手段高明瞒得过人的人，当他和自己同类人打交 道时，他注视着自己心灵里的原型，便显得聪明能干，但是当他和好人或老一辈的人相处时，他便显得很蠢笨了，因为，不当怀疑的他也怀疑。见了好人，他也不认识，因为他自己心里没有好的原型。可是，因为他碰到的坏人比好人多得多，所以无论他自己还是别人就都觉得他似乎是一个聪明人而不是一个笨蛋了。

50. And that cunning skeptic, as well as the person who has done many bad things themselves and believes that their methods are clever enough to deceive others, when they interact with their kind, they seem intelligent and capable, but when they are with good people or the older generation, they appear rather foolish, because, in addition to not being skeptical, they also doubt. When they encounter good people, they do not recognize them, as they do not have a good prototype within themselves. However, since they encounter more bad people than good, both themselves and others tend to think of them as clever rather than foolish.

51. 时间带走一切，长年累月会把你的名字、外貌、性格、命运都改变。

51. Time takes away everything; after many years, it will change your name, appearance, character, and destiny.

52. 理想式的爱情观(比喻极为浪漫或根本无法实现的爱情观)

52. Idealistic love view (a metaphor for extremely romantic or fundamentally unattainable love views)

53. 只有那最精确的科学才可称为智慧的，它是对涉及最高贵事物的科学和理智而言的。

53. Only the most precise science can be called wisdom, which pertains to the scientific and rational aspects of the most noble matters.

54. 古代小学教人以洒扫、应对、进退、爱亲、敬长、隆师、亲朋好友的方式，都是修身、齐家、治国、平天下的基础。而且一定要用它来说话和习惯幼稚的时候，想要它的习惯和知识，化为心hellip;(朱:小学书题)

54. In ancient times, primary education taught people the ways of sweeping, responding, advancing, loving one's family, respecting elders, honoring teachers, and treating friends and relatives. These are the foundations of self-cultivation, family management, governing the state, and maintaining peace in the world. Moreover, one must use these methods to speak and act when they are still naive, and yearn for its habits and knowledge to be internalized... (Zhu: Title of the Book of Primary Education)

55. 第一个意义最常被使用，但其实是一个误解。不过既然大家都这样用，也就算是另一个意义了。这误解来自于柏拉图的一个有名的著作"理想国"。该书探讨如何建构一个理想的国度，因其或许过于理想化而难以实现，故有人以此来诠释何谓柏拉图式的爱情。

55. The first meaning is most commonly used, but it is actually a misinterpretation. However, since everyone uses it this way, it can also be considered another meaning. This misinterpretation comes from a famous work by Plato, "The Republic." The book discusses how to build an ideal state, which, due to its perhaps overly idealistic nature, is difficult to achieve. Therefore, some people use this to interpret what constitutes Platonic love.

56. 凡动物较高，对于幼雏，除了养育保护外，还经常教它们生存所必需的技能hellip;hellip;人类更高几等，也有愿意后代进一层的天性hellip;hellip;只要思想没有被囚禁，没有人喜欢比自己更强壮、更健康、更聪明、更高尚的孩子mdash;mdash;更快乐；超越自己，超越过去。(鲁迅:《我们现在怎么做父亲》引自《鲁迅的教育思想与实践》，2001年版人民教育出版社第272页)

56. The higher an animal, the more it teaches the necessary survival skills to its young not only in nurturing and protecting them... Humans, being several degrees higher, also have a natural tendency for their descendants to progress further... As long as the mind is not confined, no one likes a child who is stronger, healthier, smarter, and more noble than themselves—more joyful; surpassing oneself, surpassing the past. (Lu Xun: "How Should We Raise Our Children Now?" cited from "Lu Xun's Educational Thoughts and Practice," People's Education Press, 2001 Edition, page 272)

57. 为着品德而去眷恋一个情人，总是一种很美的事。

57. To be attached to a beloved for their virtue is always a very beautiful thing.

58. 智慧不仅仅存在于知识之中，而且还存在于运用知识的能力。

58. Wisdom is not only found in knowledge, but also in the ability to apply knowledge.

59. 介绍：亚里士多德（Aristotle公元前384～前322），古代先哲，古希腊人，世界古代史上伟大的哲学家、科学家和教育家之一，堪称希腊哲学的集大成者。他是柏拉图的学生，亚历山大的老师。

59. Introduction: Aristotle (384 BC – 322 BC), an ancient philosopher, Greek, one of the greatest philosophers, scientists, and educators in the ancient history of the world, and can be regarded as the culminating figure of Greek philosophy. He was a student of Plato and a teacher of Alexander the Great.

60. 未出生比未受教育好，因为愚昧是灾患的根源。

60. It is better to be unborn than uneducated, for ignorance is the root of all misfortunes.

61. 男女平等的爱情观 (互相都更加尊敬对方才算是 平等，而不是互相不尊敬，也不是只有一方尊敬另一方)

61. The concept of equal love between men and women (true equality means both respecting each other, rather than not respecting each other or only one respecting the other).

62. 法律是一切人类智慧聪明的结晶，包括一切社会思想和道德。

62. Law is the crystallization of all human wisdom and intelligence, including all social thoughts and morals.

63. 复杂的音乐产生放纵；复杂的食品产生疾病。至于朴质的音乐文艺教育则能产生心灵方面的节制，朴质的体育锻炼产生身体的健康。

63. Complex music leads to license; complex food to illness. As for simple music and artistic education, it can cultivate self-discipline in the soul, while simple physical exercise promotes physical health.

64. 谁不知道一个人的童年是他一生中最快乐的时光，也是他非常受欢迎的时光？我们亲吻、拥抱和抚养孩子hellip;hellip;除了聪明的自然，有目的地给他，帮助他在这个世界上更快乐地度过艰难的教育过程，帮助他度过保姆爱他的日子，以及他的混乱和无知，还有什么呢？（伊拉斯谟：1989年版的《愚人颂》、《中世纪教育选举》、《人民教育出版社》和《81》～82页）

64. Who does not know that a person's childhood is the happiest time in their life, as well as a time when they are very popular? We kiss, hug, and nurture our children... Besides the natural intelligence, what else is there that we purposefully give them to help them more happily navigate the difficult educational process in this world, to help them through the days when the babysitter loves them, and their confusion and ignorance? (Erasmus: "The Praise of Folly" in the 1989 edition, "Selections from Medieval Education," People's Education Press, and pages 81-82)

65. 从某种意义上说，人是创造未来的生命体。(博尔诺夫:华东师范大学出版社1999年版《教育人类学》第96页)

65. In a certain sense, humans are life forms that create the future. (Boronov: "Anthropology of Education," East China Normal University Press, 1999 Edition, page 96)

66. 我们的错误经常落在孩子身上，给他们带来不可磨灭的痕迹。我们最终会死去，但孩子们必须承担我们的错误造成的后果。对儿童的任何影响都会影响人类的发展，因为一个人的个性特征是在他童年灵魂的敏感和秘密时期形成的。（蒙台梭利：2002年京华出版社版《童年秘密》第5页）

66. Our mistakes often fall on children, leaving them with indelible marks. We will eventually die, but the children must bear the consequences of our mistakes. Any influence on children will affect human development, because a person's personality traits are formed in the sensitive and secret period of their childhood soul. (Montessori: The Secret of Childhood, Jinghua Publishing House, 2002, page 5)

67. 我还看到的孩子们身上看到，活跃的自然力量无处不在。我知道困难和生活需求如何有效地使人们能够理解事物之间最基本的关系，并在观察中发展健康的智力。困难和生活需求激发了人们的内在力量，尽管这种力量似乎被这些贫穷和无人管教的孩子所覆盖。然而，一旦人们清理他们身上的污泥，这种力量就会闪耀出灿烂的光辉。（裴斯泰洛奇：《斯坦斯通信》、《裴斯泰洛奇选集》第一卷、教育科学出版社1994年版、311～312页）

67. What I also saw in the children was the active presence of natural forces everywhere. I know how difficulties and the demands of life can effectively enable people to understand the most fundamental relationships between things and to develop healthy intellect through observation. Difficulties and the demands of life awaken people's inner strength, though this strength seems to be covered by these poor and neglected children. However, once people clean off the mire from themselves, this strength will shine with brilliant brilliance. (Pestalozzi: "Correspondence of Pestalozzi," Volume 1 of "Selected Works of Pestalozzi," Educational Science Press, 1994 edition, pages 311-312)

68. 希望尊重孩子的力量。孩子们能做的就是让他们尽可能多地做。孩子们总是手拉手教书，手拉手，把咀嚼过的米饭送到嘴里喂食。从长远来看，他们不可能主动独立学习。我们应该相信孩子们有惊人的力量，尊重他们。（小原国芳：《自由教育论》、《小原国芳教育论论论选》卷，1993年人民教育出版社版，第398页）

68. Hope to respect the power of children. What children can do is to let them do as much as possible. Children always teach and feed by holding hands, putting the chewed rice into their mouths. In the long run, they are unlikely to learn independently and actively. We should believe in the amazing power of children and respect them. (Taken from: Kojima Kunihiko: On the Theory of Free Education, Selected Writings of Kojima Kunihiko, published by People's Education Press in 1993, page 398)

69. 出自：〔古希腊〕亚里士多德：《尼各马可伦理学》

69. Source: Aristotle (Ancient Greece): "Nicomachean Ethics"

70. 我相信mdash;mdash;所有的教育都是通过个人参与人类的社会意识进行的。这个过程几乎是在出生时无意中开始的。它不断发展个人能力，影响他的意识，形成他的习惯，锻炼他的思想，激发他的感情和情绪。由于这种无意识的教育，个人逐渐

70. I believe — that all education is a process through which individuals participate in the social consciousness of humanity. This process almost begins unintentionally at birth. It continually develops individual abilities, influences his consciousness, forms his habits, exercises his thoughts, and stimulates his emotions and feelings. Due to this unconscious education, the individual gradually

71. 如果孩子在(孩子在)mdash;mdash;编者按)这个年龄受损。如果他未来生命之树的胚芽在他身上受损，他必须付出最大的努力，努力成长为一个坚强的人。(福禄培尔:人民教育出版社1991年版《人民教育》第34页)

71. If a child is damaged at this age (editor's note)—mdash;mdash;he must exert the utmost effort to grow into a strong person if the bud of his future life tree is damaged within him. (Froebel: People's Education Press, 1991 edition, People's Education, page 34)

72. 要全面研究儿童，学会正确对待他们hellip;hellip;我们之所以必须全面研究儿童，因为他们是我们要进行加工的原材料，如果我们对之不了解，那我们就不可能正确地对待我们的工作。（克鲁普斯卡雅：《第十七次党代表会议和学前教育的任务》，《克鲁普斯卡雅教育文选》下卷，人民教育出版社1987年版，第299～300页）

72. To comprehensively study children and learn to treat them correctly... We must comprehensively study children because they are the raw materials that we need to process. If we are not familiar with them, we cannot properly handle our work. (Krupskaya: "The 17th Party Congress and the Tasks of Preschool Education," in Krupskaya's Selected Educational Writings, Volume II, People's Education Press, 1987, pp. 299-300)

73. 介绍：柏拉图（Plato，Πλατν， 公元前427年—公元前347年），是古希腊伟大的哲学家，也是整个西方文化最伟大的哲学家和思想家之一。

73. Introduction: Plato (Plato, Πλάτων, 427 BC – 347 BC) was a great philosopher of ancient Greece, and also one of the greatest philosophers and thinkers in the entire Western culture.

74. 在这世上有，且仅有一个人，对你(他)而言，她(你)是完美的，而且仅对你(你)而言是完美的。也就是说，任何一个人，都有其完美的对象，而且只有一个。

74. There is, and there is only one person in this world, who is perfect for you (him), and who is perfect only for you (you). That is to say, everyone has their perfect object, and there is only one.

75. 了解孩子，了解孩子，深入了解孩子，了解他们的喜怒哀乐hellip;hellip;了解孩子，了解孩子。只有了解孩子，才能给他们真正的慈母关怀，让他们成为幸福的人。(克鲁普斯卡雅:《关于学前教材的意见》、《克鲁普斯卡雅教育文选》下卷、1987年人民教育出版社版、第369页)

75. Understand the child, understand the child, deeply understand the child, understand their joys and sorrows... Understand the child, understand the child. Only by understanding the child can one truly provide them with the affection of a caring mother, and allow them to become happy people. (Krupskaya: "Opinions on Preschool Teaching Materials," "Selected Works of Krupskaya on Education," Volume II, 1987 edition by People's Education Press, page 369)

76. 一个人从小接受的训练和普通人接受的训练不一样，后来形成的差异会更大，甚至完全不一样。(亚里士多德:《尼各马可伦理学》、《西方伦理学名为选辑》上卷，1964年版商务印书馆第292页)

76. The training a person receives from a young age is different from the training that ordinary people receive, and the differences that form later can be even greater, even completely different. (Aristotle: "Nicomachean Ethics," "Selected Works of Western Ethics," Volume I, 1964 edition, Commercial Press, page 292)