1. A惠存 B涂鸦 C富态 D海涵

1. A Keep for remembrance B Graffiti C Plump D Forgiving

2. 本体和喻体之间必须有相似点，即喻体必须在某一点上与本体相似，才能用来说明描绘本体。如“我们的祖国像花园”祖国和花园的相似点是美丽。相似点是比喻的灵魂。 B、比喻 可分为 明喻、暗喻、借喻三类。

2. There must be a point of similarity between the tenor (the subject being described) and the vehicle (the object used to describe the tenor). The vehicle must be similar to the tenor in some way to be used for describing or illustrating the tenor. For example, "Our motherland is like a garden" - the point of similarity between the motherland and the garden is their beauty. The point of similarity is the soul of the metaphor. B. Metaphor - It can be divided into three types: direct metaphor, indirect metaphor, and borrowed metaphor.

3. 26(2分)示例：①泉水激石，泠泠作响;好鸟相鸣，嘤嘤成韵。②青树翠蔓，蒙络摇缀，参差披拂。(说明：错一字扣1分)

3. 26 (2 points) Example: ① Spring water splashes against the stone, creating a cold and crisp sound; beautiful birds sing in harmony, creating a melodious韵. ② Green trees with emerald vines, intertwined and swaying, creating a picturesque scene. (Note: Deduct 1 point for each incorrect character.)

4. 拼音 ：xiū cí

4. Pinyin: xiū cí Translation: 4. Phonetic spelling: xiū cí

5. 分析时，应注意 变换分析角度 。比如可以从意义方面入手，也可以从形式方面入手；可以着眼于词语，也可以着眼于句式。切不可发现一种辞格而丢掉另外的辞格。

5. During the analysis, attention should be paid to the change of analytical perspectives. For example, one can start from the aspect of meaning, or from the aspect of form; one can focus on words, or on sentence structures. One should never lose sight of other rhetorical devices when discovering one.

6. 苏 子 愀 然 正 襟 危 坐 而 问 客 曰 何 为 其 然 也

6. Su Zi was thoughtful and straightened his clothes, sitting in a dignified posture and asked his guest, "Why is it like this?"

7. 31通读全文，请选用文中的短语给本文拟一个恰当的文题。(1分)

7. 31 Read the entire text and choose a suitable phrase from the text to title this article. (1 point)

8. ④苏子曰：客亦知夫水与月乎逝者如斯，而未尝往也;盈虚者如彼，而卒莫消长也。盖将自其变者而观之，则天地曾不能以一瞬;自其不变者而观之，则物与我皆无尽也，而又何羡乎!

8.④ Su Zi said: Have you, the guest, also understood that the water flows away like this, yet it has never truly gone; the fullness and emptiness change like that, yet they never truly diminish or increase. If one observes from the perspective of constant change, then the heavens and earth cannot be measured in even a moment; if one observes from the perspective of the unchanging, then both things and I are endless, so what is there to envy?

9. 它可以使语言形象化，可以把人或事物描写得更为重要、具体、形象；

9. It can make language more visual, and can describe people or things in a more important, specific, and vivid manner.

10. 回到家乡的第二天清晨，我便约了儿时的伙伴骑车前往我一日夜思念的白洋淀。一路上，林木茂密，鸟语花香，空气清新，柏油路宽阔笔直。来到白洋淀大闸，哦，这里万头攒动，人声鼎沸。这里有农民，也有城里人，有卖食品的，有租游船的。我惊奇地问："这里怎么变得这么热闹了？"伙伴们告诉我："咱这里已开辟为新的旅游点了！"我站在大闸上往淀里望去，只见水面上停泊着排排龙舟，十分壮观。伙伴搞来一条小划艇，我们向淀中心划去。白洋淀水清见底，成群的鱼虾在水中穿梭，五颜六色的水草浮在水中。远处大片大片的芦苇向水天相接处伸展着。伙伴告诉我，如今，芦苇塘承包以后，长势非常好。芦苇成了白洋淀地区人民发家致富的宝贝。

10. On the second morning after returning to my hometown, I arranged to ride a bike with my childhood friends to the Baiyangdian, a place I had been longing for day and night. Along the way, the forests were dense, birds chirped, flowers bloomed, the air was fresh, and the asphalt road was wide and straight. Upon arriving at the grand dam of Baiyangdian, oh, the place was bustling with people and the noise was deafening. There were farmers, city dwellers, people selling food, and those renting boats. I was surprised and asked, "How did it get so lively here?" My friends told me, "Our place has been developed into a new tourist attraction!" I stood on the grand dam and looked out towards the lake, where rows of dragon boats were moored, a sight of great grandeur. My friends got a small rowboat, and we paddled towards the center of the lake. The water in Baiyangdian was crystal clear, with schools of fish and shrimps swimming through, and colorful aquatic plants floating on the water. In the distance, vast areas of reeds stretched towards the horizon where the water met the sky. My friends told me that now, after the reed fields were contracted, they were growing very well. The reeds had become a treasure for the people of Baiyangdian region to get rich.

11. ④形容人长得胖。 ( )

11. ④ Describes a person as being overweight. ( )

12. ③称自己字写得不好或画画得不好。 ( )

12. ③ Calling oneself bad at writing or at drawing. ( )

13. 这几年村里的楼房就像雨后的春笋般不断从各个角落冒出来。三层四层，有的外表装修得很漂亮。即使只是一层的，算不上楼房，看起来毕竟比那些泥砖瓦房要顺眼得多。

13. In recent years, the villas in the village have been sprouting up from all corners like bamboo shoots after rain, one after another. Some are three or four stories high, and their exterior decorations are quite beautiful. Even those that are only one story tall do not qualify as villas, but they still look much more pleasant than those mud brick and tile houses.

14. 每当夜幕降临，湖坝灯火辉煌，犹如繁星洒落人间。此时此刻，我的心潮起伏澎湃，我仿佛看到了母亲欣慰的面庞，我仿佛看到了母亲那深情的目光，我更仿佛听到了母亲无比激动与亢奋的心！孩子们，感谢您，您用那勤劳的双手、辛勤的汗水改变了我的生活，改变了更多人的生活。

14. Every time the night falls, the lake dam is resplendent with lights, as if stars have sprinkled themselves upon the earth. At this moment, my heart is surging with emotion, and I seem to see my mother's contented face, I seem to see the deep affection in my mother's eyes, and I even seem to hear the overwhelming excitement and enthusiasm in my mother's heart! Children, thank you, with your hardworking hands and sweat, you have changed my life, and the lives of many others.

15. ⑤客喜而笑，洗盏更酌。肴核既尽，杯盘狼籍。相与枕藉乎舟中，不知东方之既白。

15. ⑤ The guests were delighted and laughed, washing their cups and pouring more wine. The dishes were all eaten, and the cups and plates were scattered about. They lay together on the boat, not realizing that dawn had broken in the east.

16. ④停顿片刻，国王接着说：那天黄昏我便带着随身衣物离开了王宫，因为我不愿再凌驾于他人之上，他们承袭着我的恶习却又将自己的德行归结于我。

16. ④ After a moment's pause, the king continued: "That evening, I left the palace with my personal belongings, for I no longer wished to dominate others. They inherited my bad habits yet attributed their own virtues to me.

17. 2请选择两个恰当的同音字填在下边词语的方框里，并解释所填字的意思。(2分)

17. 2 Please select two appropriate homophones and fill them into the brackets below the words, and explain the meaning of the words you fill in. (2 points)

18. 29(4分)因为隐居森林可以获得真正自然的、永远歌舞愉快的生活，可以离开纷扰、 寻求到独处时而享受到甜美与寂静，可以有如鼹鼠般活得真实、自在，可以脱离虚幻获得独立、自尊等。(一点一分)

18. 29 (4 points) Because living in a secluded forest can offer a truly natural and ever-happy life of singing and dancing, one can leave the hustle and bustle behind, seek solitude, and enjoy sweetness and tranquility in the moments of being alone. It allows one to live authentically and comfortably, like a mole, and to detach from the illusionary to gain independence and self-respect. (One point for each aspect)

19. 品佳酿，识酒香人家之风貌 (9分)

19. Savor fine wines, recognize the characteristics of a house known for its aroma (9 points)

20. 反对：上下句从对立的两个方面加以叙述，用意是相反相成，从矛盾中阐明真理。

20. Opposed: The text describes two opposing aspects in consecutive sentences, with the intention of illustrating the complementary nature of opposites and elucidating truth through contradictions.

21. 英文 ：rhetoric

21. English: rhetoric

22. 我的家是三室两厅。墙壁刷得雪白雪白，地面铺的是瓷砖，又光滑又干净，我每天都可以光着脚丫在上面开心地玩了。房子里的东西摆得整整齐齐，再也不挤了。我把我的布娃娃放在铝合金阳台上，让她天天晒太阳。妈妈再也不唠叨油烟呛人了，煮饭的时候，我就在客厅里玩，要不就看动画片。

22. My home is a three-bedroom two-living room apartment. The walls are painted a pristine white, and the floor is tiled, smooth and clean, where I can happily play barefoot every day. The things in the house are neatly arranged, no longer crowded. I put my stuffed doll on the aluminum alloy balcony, letting her bask in the sun every day. Mom no longer抱怨油烟呛人, when cooking, I play in the living room, or watch cartoon animations.

23. ①这道目光就像一把zng( )亮的钢刀刺了过来，又稳又准，击中要害。

23. ① This gaze was like a zng( ) bright steel blade piercing through, both steady and accurate, hitting the vital point.

24. 当你进入埭头镇，我想，首先让你感叹的是房子。那边是埭头工业区，到处是高大的厂房。这边是排列有序的居民小区，每一幢楼房都统一的刷着奶黄色的墙漆，加上大红色的琉璃瓦，好美丽，好气派！商业街上一排灰白色的仿古建筑，让你感觉到这就是真正的江南！

24. When you enter Diantou Town, I think the first thing that will amaze you is the houses. Over there is the Diantou Industrial Area, where there are towering factory buildings everywhere. This side features orderly residential communities, with each building uniformly painted with milk yellow wall paint, complemented by bright red glazed tiles, looking beautiful and grand! On the commercial street, a row of grayish-white ancient-style buildings makes you feel that this is the real Jiangnan!

25. ④朋友来家里做客总称赞这屋子里满是酒香，定是存了陈年佳酿，母亲听着会赶忙到酒坊里勺上一钵，朋友则连声称谢地端起慢品。父亲在酒坊里盛酒，母亲在厨房里炒菜，菜香、酒香一齐扑鼻而来，客人拿起筷子夹两片回锅肉，抿一小口甜酒，滋吧滋吧的声音便荡漾开来。母亲的厨艺，向来为人称道，在外玩耍的小弟也会嗅着酒菜香跑进家来，直奔厨房，张口便嚷着要吃。母亲责备小弟太馋，小弟做个鬼脸又跑回他的天地去了。

25. ④ When friends visit our home, they always praise the room for its aroma of wine, implying that there must be some aged, fine wine stored. Mother would hurry to the wine shop to fetch a bowl, and the friends would eagerly lift it up to savor it slowly. Father would pour wine at the wine shop, while mother would be cooking in the kitchen. The mingling scents of the dish and the wine would fill the air. The guests would pick up chopsticks, take two slices of twice-cooked pork, sip a little sweet wine, and the sizzling sound would resonate. Mother's culinary skills have always been praised by others. Even the younger brother, playing outside, would run home, drawn by the scent of the wine and dishes, straight to the kitchen, demanding to eat. Mother would scold him for being too greedy, and he would make a mischievous face before running back to his own world.

26. 9《早春呈水部十八员外》中描写早春春色若隐若现的句子______________

26.9 The sentence in "Early Spring Sent to Water Department Officer Number Eighteen" describing the faint and elusive spring colors of early spring is: ________________

27. 正对：上下句从不同侧面，说明同一事理，它们互相补充，构成一个整体。

27. Face to face: The two sentences explain the same principle from different perspectives. They complement each other and form a whole.

28. 事实上，白居易在这首诗中所表达的那种对于春天或美好事物的敏锐观察与体验，在许多古代诗人中都是非常常见的，唯其如此，他们才能像白居易一样，在春天刚刚来到人间时，就已经欣喜地发现，并为之感动不已，激起他们创作的欲望，写下动人的诗篇，留给后人以丰富的美学享受。像白居易那样，并不会因为只有几只黄莺在树上啼唱，只有几家房檐下燕子在搭窝而感到遗憾，反而会因此感觉到春天的脚步已经越来越近，而感到欣喜异常，从而写出“几处早莺争暖树，谁家乳燕啄新泥”这样动人的诗句的例子是很多的。比如韩愈就有一篇描写早春的名诗，同样不是歌颂春光烂漫时的美景，而是为人们展示出一种充满生机与希望的景象。诗的名字叫《早春呈水部张十八员外》，韩愈一共写了两首，我们不妨向大家介绍第一首：

28. In fact, the keen observation and experience of spring or beautiful things expressed by Bai Juyi in this poem is very common among many ancient poets. It is precisely because of this that they could, like Bai Juyi, joyfully discover and be deeply moved by the arrival of spring, stimulating their desire to create and compose moving verses, leaving behind a rich aesthetic enjoyment for posterity. Like Bai Juyi, one would not feel regret just because only a few orioles are singing on the trees and only a few swallows are building nests under the eaves of a few houses, but instead would feel extremely delighted and sense that spring is approaching ever so closely. There are many examples of such moving verses. For instance, Han Yu, in his famous poem depicting the early spring, does not celebrate the beauty of the blooming spring, but rather showcases a scene brimming with vitality and hope. The poem is titled "Early Spring呈 Sent to Water Department Zhang Shiyi," and Han Yu wrote two such poems. We may as well introduce the first one to you:

29. 4(2分) ①B ②A ③C 解读(示例)：茶干净、纯净，喝茶时心更加宁静、平静，和自然、和家乡的情就更亲近。(意近即可)

29. 4 (2 points) ①B ②A ③C Interpretation (example): Tea is clean and pure; drinking tea makes the heart more tranquil and peaceful, and brings one closer to nature and home. (Translation should be close in meaning)

30. 这首诗是写给他的朋友水部员外郎张籍的，张籍在兄弟中排行十八，所以被称为“张十八”，这种称呼在唐代十分流行。大家熟悉的有高适的《人日寄杜二拾遗》（杜甫），而王维的《送元二使安西》一诗更是家喻户晓了。韩愈这首诗最绝妙的一笔就是第二句，“草色遥看近却无”了，试想在北方的早春时节，春寒料峭，在常人眼里，哪有一丝春的气息。可是一场无声的春雨过后，一切就不一样了，大地上，草儿已经开始迫不及待地钻出了地面，冒出了纤细的嫩芽，虽然它们是那样的不起眼，甚至连你弯下腰去仔细地观察时，都无法看到生命的绿色，但是，韩愈却捕捉到了这最早的报春者的形象，它们不是天上翻飞的柳絮，也不是树上闹眼的桃花，而是那些默默无闻的小草，那样的不事张扬，却又齐心合力，大家一起冒出头来，使人们远远地望去，可以看出那一片充满生机的漫山遍野的绿色，这是一种多么激动人心的无处不在的春色呀！韩愈为之深有感触，所以他忍不住告诉朋友，这才是一年四季中最美的景色，也是一年中最可珍惜的时光呀，比起春色满园、烟花似锦来，更有一番动人的风韵与景致呀。这就是一年之际在于春，而最美好的春光却是在早春的道理，所以直到今天，我们还会情不自禁地吟出“最是一年春好处，绝胜烟柳满皇都。”

30. This poem is written to his friend Zhang Ji, the Minister of the Water Department, who was the eighteenth in his family, hence known as "Zhang Shiyi" (Zhang the Eighteenth), a title that was very popular during the Tang Dynasty. Everyone is familiar with Gao Shi's "Poem to Du Erxi (Du Fu) on the Day of the Human" and Wang Wei's "Sending Yuan Er to the Western Regions" is also well-known. The most exquisite line in Han Yu's poem is the second one, "The grass looks green from afar, but is absent at close range." Imagine the early spring in the north, with the cold of spring, where can one find any trace of spring in the eyes of the ordinary? However, after a silent spring rain, everything changes. On the earth, the grass has begun to eagerly push through the soil, sprouting slender sprouts. Although they are so unobtrusive that even when you bend down to carefully observe them, you cannot see the green of life, Han Yu captured the image of these earliest heralds of spring. They are not the flying willow catkins in the sky, nor are they the eye-catching peach blossoms on the trees, but those默默无 fame little grasses, so modest and united, all pushing up together, making it possible to see that vast expanse of greenery brimming with vitality from a distance. What an exhilarating, omnipresent spring color it is! Han Yu was deeply moved by this, and he couldn't help but tell his friend that this was the most beautiful scene of the four seasons and the most precious time of the year. Compared to a garden full of spring colors and fireworks, it has a more touching charm and scenery. This is the reason why the best of spring is in the early spring, and that's why even today, we can't help but recite the lines, "The best time of the year is spring, far surpassing the willows in the capital."

31. 8《宣州谢朓楼饯别校书叔云》中以无尽的流水喻无穷的忧愁，形象地写出了诗人内心愁苦的诗句是______________

31. In the poem "Xuanzhou Xie Tiao's Farewell Banquet for the Uncle Cloud of the School Scriptor," the line that vividly describes the poet's inner sorrow using the endless flowing water as a metaphor for endless sorrow is: ________________

32. 29仔细阅读第⑥段，用自己的话说说国王隐居森林的原因。(4分)

32. Carefully read paragraph ⑥ and express, in your own words, the reasons for the king's retreat to the forest. (4 points)

33. 23(3分)B C A

33. 23 (3 points) B C A

34. ①我是个恋家的孩子，每个礼拜都要往家里挂电话，每次都是母亲接到，听着母亲那声温柔绵长的喂时，心里便升起一丝慰藉

34. ① I am a homesick child; every week, I have to call home, and each time it is my mother who answers. Listening to the gentle, lingering "Hey" from my mother, a sense of comfort rises in my heart.

35. 不过，白居易是幸运的，因为他有一双发现美、发现春天的眼睛，所以他会在西湖美景中，不能自已，乃至流连忘返：“最爱湖东行不足，绿杨阴里白沙堤。”白沙堤，即白堤，又称沙堤或断桥堤，西湖三面环山，白堤中贯，在湖东一带，总揽全湖之胜。而白居易任杭州剌史时，也确曾修堤蓄水，灌溉民田，不过其堤在钱塘门之北，可是后人多误以白堤为白氏所修之堤了。

35. However, Bai Juyi was fortunate because he had a pair of eyes that could discover beauty and the spring. Therefore, in the beautiful scenery of West Lake, he could not help himself and even lingered on, unwilling to leave: "I love the east bank of the lake, where my journey is never enough, under the green willow shadows, there is the white sand embankment." The white sand embankment, also known as the White Embankment or the Broken Bridge Embankment, runs through the middle of the West Lake, which is surrounded by mountains on three sides. The White Embankment, located in the east bank area, encompasses all the wonders of the lake. When Bai Juyi served as the刺史 of Hangzhou, he indeed had the embankment repaired and water stored for irrigation of the people's fields. However, his embankment was north of the Qiantang Gate. Yet, later generations often mistakenly took the White Embankment to be the embankment built by the Bai family.

36. 借喻：用喻体来代替本体，也就是说，本体不出现，喻体在上下文中有所交代，读者或听话人能理解两者的关系。如“其缺点是见树木不见森林，拣了芝麻绿豆却丢了西瓜。” C、比喻在表达上 有如下作用：

36. Metaphor: Using the metaphor to replace the subject, which means that the subject does not appear, but the metaphor is explained in the context, allowing the reader or listener to understand the relationship between the two. For example, "Its flaw is that it sees trees but not the forest; it picks sesame seeds and mung beans but loses the watermelon." C. The metaphor has the following functions in expression:

37. 现在，人们的环境保护意思越来越强，街道旁边随处可见各种各样的垃圾箱，在山上、在河边都立有禁止仍垃圾的标志。我们的家乡的环境越来越美丽，再也看不见垃圾满天的情景了。我们的家乡的环境从山清水秀到被污染又恢复到山清水秀，希望家乡的人们明白，只有保护环境，才能使我们的家乡更美，保护环境，人人有责，保护环境，从我做起。

37. Now, people's awareness of environmental protection is getting stronger and stronger. Various types of trash bins are随处可见 by the streets, and there are signs prohibiting the disposal of garbage on mountains and by rivers. The environment of our hometown is becoming more beautiful, and scenes of garbage scattered everywhere are no longer seen. The environment of our hometown has changed from clear mountains and clean water to polluted and then restored back to clear mountains and clean water. We hope that the people of our hometown understand that only by protecting the environment can our hometown become more beautiful. Protecting the environment is the responsibility of everyone, and it starts with me.

38. 18(3分)乐 悲(哀) 喜。

38. 18 (3 points) Joy, Sadness, and Happiness.

39. ③他说：原因很简单：一天我坐在宫殿的一扇窗旁，我的侍从与一位外交使节在花园中散步。他们走到我的窗前时，侍从正在谈论自己：我像国王一样的嗜饮烈酒，热衷各类赌博。而且我有着和国王一样的坏脾气。接着两人便消失在树丛间，过不多时，他们又回来了。这回侍从谈到了我，他说：国王像我一样也是百步穿杨的神射手，同样钟爱音乐，并且每日沐浴三次。

39. ③ He said: The reason is very simple: one day I was sitting by a window in the palace, and my attendant was walking in the garden with a foreign ambassador. When they reached my window, the attendant was talking about himself: I am as fond of strong drinks as a king, I am passionate about all kinds of gambling. Moreover, I have the same bad temper as the king. Then both of them disappeared into the bushes, and shortly afterwards, they returned. This time, the attendant talked about me, saying: The king is also an excellent archer like me, equally fond of music, and he bathes three times a day.

40. 3与人交流往往要因对象、场合而讲究说话方式，有时宜直言不讳，有时宜婉言动听，请将下列婉词对号入座。(2分)

40. 3. Communication often requires attention to the style of speaking depending on the audience and the occasion. Sometimes it is appropriate to speak directly, while at other times it is better to use soft words. Please match the following euphemistic expressions with their appropriate situations. (2 points)

41. 拟人：把物当做人来写，使物人格化，赋予物以人的言行或思想感情。这是最常见的比拟形式。如：波浪一边歌唱，一边冲向天空，去迎接那雷声。

41. Personification: This is a common form of metaphor where objects are written as if they were human, giving them human-like actions, words, or thoughts and feelings. For example: The waves sing as they rush towards the sky, greeting the thunder.

42. 茶 ① ，心 ② ，情更 ③ 。 (A、静 B、净 C、近)

42. Tea ①, heart ②, feeling even ③. (A. Calm B. Pure C. Close)

43. 修辞（figure of speech；rhetoric ），即文辞或修饰文辞。 "修"是修饰的意思，"辞"的本来意思是辩论的言词，后引申为一切的言词。 修辞本义就是修饰言论，也就是可以在使用语言的过程中，利用多种语言手段以收到尽可能好的表达效果的一种语言活动。

43. Rhetoric (figure of speech; rhetoric) refers to the embellishment or decoration of language. "修" means to embellish, while the original meaning of "辞" is the words used in debate, which later extends to all forms of speech. The original meaning of rhetoric is to embellish discourse, that is, a linguistic activity that, during the process of using language, utilizes various linguistic means to achieve the best possible expression effect.

44. 28请结合上下文的语境，将第②段的横线处的句子补充完整。(2分)

44. 28 Please complete the sentence in the blank at the second paragraph by considering the context of the surrounding text. (2 points)

45. 16(2分)白茫茫的露气像轻纱一样笼罩着江面，月光映照着辽阔的江水，水光远接天边，很是美丽。(或：白茫茫的雾气横贯江面，清泠泠的水光连接着天际。)(意对即可)

45. 16 (2 points) The white mist covers the river surface like a light gauze, the moonlight reflecting on the vast river, the water's glow extending to the horizon, very beautiful. (Or: The white mist stretches across the river, the cool and clear water's glow connecting with the sky. An acceptable translation is sufficient.)

46. 24(3分)a自然风化的结果。b源于动物的破坏。c人为的损坏。

46. 24 (3 points) a Result of natural weathering. b Originated from animal destruction. c Man-made damage.

47. 特征代本体。如“壁角的驼背忽然高兴起来。”

47. An onomatopoeic embodiment of characteristics. For example, "The hunchback at the wall corner suddenly became cheerful."

48. ③据说他从来不到官庄来作案，兔子不吃窝边草，这是绿( )林英雄的义气。

48. ③ It is said that he never came to the official village to commit crimes. As the saying goes, a rabbit does not eat grass near its burrow; this is the righteousness of a green ( ) hero.

49. 递降：由大到小，由多到少，由高到低，由重到轻，由深到浅……，如：老师说，自然科学的皇后是数学。数学的皇冠是数论。哥德巴赫猜想，则是皇冠上的明珠。 错综 为了避免语言呆板和单调，特意使字面更换，结构参差，这叫做错综。错综力避同一词语和句式的反复出现，把本来可以写得整齐匀称的句子故意写得参差错落，目的是使语言形式生动活泼，富于变化。 错综可分为三种：

49. Gradual descent: from big to small, from more to less, from high to low, from heavy to light, from deep to shallow... For example: The teacher said, the queen of natural sciences is mathematics. The crown of mathematics is number theory. The Goldbach conjecture is the gem on the crown. Entanglement: To avoid the monotony and stiffness of language, special efforts are made to change the wording and structure, which is called entanglement. Entanglement avoids the repetition of the same words and sentence structures, deliberately writing sentences that are uneven and disjointed, with the aim of making the language form vivid and dynamic, full of variety. Entanglement can be divided into three types:

50. 4下边是某茶叶集团为其名茶所作的广告，请你根据自己的理解选择恰当的字填空，并解读这则广告的意思。(填序号)(2分)

50. Below is an advertisement for a famous tea produced by a certain tea group. Please fill in the blanks with appropriate words according to your understanding and explain the meaning of this advertisement. (Fill in the number) (2 points)

51. 兼用 ：各种修辞格不是用同一标准划分出来的，所以会出现交叉现象，即同一组语句，从一个标准看，属甲辞格；从另一标准看，属乙辞格。如：高大的烟囱伸向天空，仿佛是从地下长出来的，一直要升到白云的深处。（比喻兼夸张）

51. Hybrid Usage: Different rhetorical figures are not divided by the same standard, so there may be overlapping phenomena, that is, the same group of sentences, from one standard, belongs to Figure A; from another standard, it belongs to Figure B. For example: The tall chimney stretches towards the sky, as if it is growing from the ground, reaching all the way to the depths of the white clouds. (Figures of speech involving both metaphor and hyperbole)

52. 14(2分)少焉 须臾

52. 14 (2 points) A little while, for a moment

53. 按形式可以分为直接夸张和间接夸张两类： a直接夸张：是不借助其他修辞格直接进行的夸张。如：谢惠敏的两撇眉毛险些飞出脑门。 b间接夸张：是通过其他修辞格直接进行的夸张。如：碟子里一块像礼拜堂定风针上铁公鸡施舍下来的肉，鲍**用刀割不动。 夸张的主要作用在于使人获得深刻的印象。夸张的妙处在不似真实而写出了真实的感受。 双关 让词句具有双重意义的修辞方式叫做双关。双关可分为谐音双关和语义双关两种。

53. It can be divided into two types of exaggeration based on form: a) Direct exaggeration: This is an exaggeration that is carried out without the help of other rhetorical figures. For example: Xie Huimin's two eyebrows nearly flew out of his forehead. b) Indirect exaggeration: This is an exaggeration that is carried out directly through other rhetorical figures. For example: In the plate, there was a piece of meat that was as large as the iron rooster offered by the wind-securing pin on the church altar, which could not be cut with a knife by Bao. The main function of exaggeration is to create a deep impression on people. The charm of exaggeration lies in its ability to express real feelings without being realistic. Puns: The rhetorical device that makes sentences have double meanings is called a pun. Puns can be divided into two types: homophonic puns and semantic puns.

54. ⑨我返回城里，照他所说坐在城门口观察过往的行人。从那时至今，无数君王的身影掠过我身，然而我的身影却难得掠过一个子民。

54. ⑨ I returned to the city and, as he instructed, sat at the city gate to observe the passersby. Since then until now, the figures of countless kings have flitted past me, yet my own shadow rarely passes over a commoner.