1. 万乘之国，弑其君者必千乘之家。千乘之国，弑其君者必百乘之家。

1. In a kingdom of ten thousand chariots, those who assassinate the king must come from a family of a thousand chariots. In a kingdom of a thousand chariots, those who assassinate the king must come from a family of a hundred chariots.

2. 天将降大任于是人也，必先苦其心志，劳其筋骨，饿其体肤，空乏其身，行拂乱其所为，所以动心忍性，曾益其所不能。解释：孟子强调成功需要通过努力、奋斗和克服困难来实现，只有经历了磨难，才能够取得更大的成就。

2. When heaven bestows a great responsibility upon a person, it must first subject their mind and will to hardships, their muscles and bones to toil, their body to hunger, and their spirit to emptiness. It will disrupt their actions, thereby moving their heart and enduring their will, and adding to what they are unable to do. Explanation: Mencius emphasizes that success requires effort, struggle, and overcoming difficulties to achieve. Only after enduring hardships can one attain greater accomplishments.

3. 易其田畴，薄其税敛，民可使富也。

3. If one improves the land, lightens the tax burden, the people can become prosperous.

4. 仁者乐山，智者乐水。解释：孟子强调仁爱和智慧的重要性，认为具备仁爱之心的人会因助人而快乐，具备智慧的人则会因涉猎广泛而快乐。

4. The benevolent delight in mountains, the wise in water. Explanation: Mencius emphasizes the importance of benevolence and wisdom, believing that those with a heart of benevolence find joy in helping others, while those with wisdom find joy in their broad and varied pursuits.

5. 学而优则仕，乐而优则娶。解释：孟子强调学问和品德的提升将使人在事业和婚姻中都有更好的选择和机遇。

5. If one excels in learning, one will be eligible for official positions; if one excels in joy, one will be eligible for marriage. Explanation: Mencius emphasizes that the enhancement of learning and virtue will enable individuals to have better choices and opportunities in both their careers and marriages.

6. 存乎人者，莫良于眸子。眸子不能掩其恶。胸中正则眸子了焉；胸中不正则眸子眊焉。听其言也，观其眸子，人焉瘦哉。

6. What is inherent in a person is none better than the eyes. The eyes cannot conceal their evil. When the heart is upright, the eyes are clear; when the heart is not upright, the eyes are dim. Listen to their words, observe their eyes, and how can one not understand the person?

7. 天降下民，作之君，作之师，惟曰其助上帝宠之。

7. He sends down His people, becomes their ruler, becomes their teacher, and only says that He assists God in His favor towards them.

8. 孟子言上下交取其利而国丧亡者，是万乘之国，弑其君者必千乘之家所弑也，无它焉，则千乘之家欲以万乘之利为多也。千乘之国，弑其君者必百乘之家所弑也，亦无它焉，是百乘之家欲以千乘之利为多也。?>

8. Mencius said, "When there is mutual gain between the superior and the inferior, and yet the state perishes and is lost, it is because in a state of a thousand chariots, the killer of the ruler is necessarily from a family of a thousand chariots, for no other reason than that the family of a thousand chariots desires to gain the benefits of a state of ten thousand chariots. And in a state of ten thousand chariots, the killer of the ruler is necessarily from a family of a hundred chariots, for no other reason than that the family of a hundred chariots desires to gain the benefits of a state of a thousand chariots."

9. 贤者而後乐此。不贤者虽有此，不乐也。

9. The wise find joy in this. The unwise, even if they have it, do not find joy.

10. 不学诗，无以言。不学礼，无以立。不学乐，无以乐。不学数，无以知。解释：孟子强调学习的重要性，认为学习诗歌、礼仪、音乐和数学是人类生活中不可或缺的一部分，有助于言表、建立、欣赏和认知。

10. Not studying poetry, one cannot express oneself. Not studying etiquette, one cannot stand firm. Not studying music, one cannot find joy. Not studying mathematics, one cannot understand. Explanation: Mencius emphasizes the importance of learning, believing that studying poetry, etiquette, music, and mathematics are an indispensable part of human life, helping in expression, establishment, appreciation, and cognition.

11. 其交也以道，以接也以礼。

11. They interact with each other according to the Way, and they connect with each other through etiquette.

12. 万取千焉，千取百焉，不为不多。

12. If ten are taken from a thousand, and a hundred from a thousand, it is not considered too much.

13. 惟仁者为能以大事小，是故汤事葛，文王事昆夷。

13. Only the benevolent can handle great matters with ease, which is why Tang served Ge, and King Wen served the Qunyi people.

14. 天子不仁，不保四海；诸侯不仁，不保社稷；卿大夫不仁，不保宗庙；士庶人不仁，不保四体。

14. If the Son of Heaven is not benevolent, he cannot protect the四海 (the empire); if the princes are not benevolent, they cannot protect their states; if the ministers and officials are not benevolent, they cannot protect the ancestral temples; if the commoners are not benevolent, they cannot protect their own bodies and limbs.

15. 非礼勿视，非礼勿听，非礼勿言，非礼勿动。解释：孟子强调在面对不合礼仪的行为时，应该避免用目光、耳朵、言语和动作来回应，保持自己的庄重和尊严。

15. Do not look upon what is unseemly, do not listen to what is unseemly, do not speak what is unseemly, do not move in an unseemly manner. Explanation: Mencius emphasizes that when faced with behavior that is not in accordance with propriety, one should avoid responding with sight, hearing, speech, and action, maintaining one's solemnity and dignity.

16. 诸侯之宝三：土地、人民、政事，宝珠玉者，殃必及身。

16. The three treasures of the feudal lords are land, people, and governance. Treasuring pearls and jade will surely bring misfortune upon oneself.

17. 我知言，我善养吾浩然之气。

17. I understand speech, and I excel in nurturing my magnanimous qi (vital energy).

18. 五亩之宅，树之以桑，五十者可以衣帛矣。

18. A house of five mu, planted with mulberry trees, and a person over fifty can make a living from weaving silk.

19. 王无罪岁，斯天下之民至焉。

19. If the King does not lay blame on the years, then the people of the entire world will come to him.

20. 人之患，在好为人师。

20. The trouble with people is that they like to be teachers.

21. rdquo;斯言殆欲使後人深求其意以解其文，不但施於说《诗》也。今诸解者往往摭取而说之，其说又多乖异不同。

21. "This statement is likely intended to urge later generations to deeply seek its meaning in order to understand its text, not only applicable to the interpretation of the Book of Songs." Nowadays, many interpreters often pick and choose to explain it, and their explanations are often quite different and varied.

22. 省刑罚，薄税敛，深耕易耨。

22. Lighten the punishment, reduce taxes, and cultivate deeply and thresh easily.

23. 争地以战，杀人盈野；争城以战，杀人盈城，此所谓率土地而食人肉，罪不容于死。

23. To fight for land and kill people across the fields; to fight for a city and kill people across the city. This is what is meant by leading the land to eat human flesh, a crime that is not worthy of death.

24. 吾善养浩然之气。

24. I excel at cultivating the grand, noble spirit.

25. 君子有三乐：言谈之乐，仁爱之乐，无过之乐。解释：孟子认为君子的快乐来源于言谈的交流、仁爱的实践和不犯错误的乐趣。

25. A gentleman has three sources of joy: the joy of conversation, the joy of benevolence, and the joy of not making mistakes. Explanation: Mencius believes that the joy of a gentleman comes from the exchange of conversation, the practice of benevolence, and the pleasure of not committing errors.

26. 人之相亲，其鸟也远。解释：孟子用鸟的迁徙来比喻人际关系，表达了亲缘关系即使距离遥远，感情仍然亲密的观点。

26. The intimacy between humans is as distant as that of birds. Explanation: Mencius uses the migration of birds as a metaphor for human relationships, expressing the idea that even though kinship may be far apart, the affection remains close.

27. 君子有三戒：少之时，血气未定，戒之在色；及其壮也，血气方刚，戒之在斗；及其老也，血气既衰，戒之在得。解释：孟子教导君子在不同阶段要注意的戒律，强调在青年时要戒色欲，中年时要戒争斗，老年时要戒得失。

27. A gentleman has three things to beware of: In his youth, when his vital energy is not yet settled, he should beware of indulgence in desires; in his prime, when his vital energy is strong, he should beware of fighting; and in his old age, when his vital energy has declined, he should beware of greed. Explanation: Mencius teaches that a gentleman should be mindful of certain taboos at different stages of his life, emphasizing that in youth he should refrain from lust, in middle age from conflict, and in old age from greed.

28. 兽相食，且人恶之，为民父母，行政不免於率兽而食人，恶在其为民父母也。

28. Beasts feed on one another, and people detest it. As the parents of the people, to govern and administer without stopping beasts from preying on people is a bad thing for being the parents of the people.

29. 君子之交淡如水，小人之交甘若醴。解释：孟子强调君子之间的交往应该淡泊无华，像水一样清澈纯净；而小人之间的交往则表现为甜美如蜜，可能包含不纯洁的动机。

29. The friendship of gentlemen is as pure and simple as water, while the friendship of the unprincipled is as sweet and intoxicating as wine. Explanation: Mencius emphasizes that the friendship between gentlemen should be unadorned and pure, like water that is clear and clean; whereas the friendship between the unprincipled is sweet and sugary, possibly harboring impure motives.

30. 鱼和熊掌不可得兼。

30. One cannot have both fish and bear's paw.

31. 王知夫苗乎？七、八月之间旱，则苗稿矣，天油然作云，沛然下雨，则苗氵孛然兴之矣。其如是，孰能御之。

31. Do you know the story of Wang Zhifu and the seedlings? Between the seventh and eighth months, if there is a drought, the seedlings will wither. But if heaven suddenly forms clouds and it rains copiously, the seedlings will flourish again. In such a situation, who can control it?

32. 王如施仁政於民，省刑罚，薄税敛，深耕易耨，壮者以暇日修其孝悌忠信，入以事其父兄，出以事其长上，可使制梃以挞秦、楚之坚甲利兵矣。

32. If King Wang enacts benevolent policies for the people, reduces the severity of punishment, lightens the tax burden, and promotes deep plowing and early weeding, the strong will have leisure time to cultivate their filial piety, respect for the aged, loyalty, and trustworthiness. Within the household, they will serve their parents and elder brothers; outside the household, they will serve their superiors and elders. In this way, they can be equipped with sticks to defeat the heavily armed and well-trained troops of Qin and Chu.

33. 君子之所以教者五：有如时雨化之者，有成德者，有达财者，有答问者，有私淑艾者。此五者，君子之所以教也。

33. There are five ways in which a gentleman teaches: there are those who cultivate others like timely rain nourishes plants, those who foster virtue, those who achieve wealth, those who answer questions, and those who are privately revered. These five are the ways in which a gentleman teaches.

34. 不以规矩，无以成方圆。

34. Without rules and regulations, one cannot achieve order and harmony.

35. 文王之囿方七十里，刍荛者往焉，雉免者往焉。与民同之，民以为小，不亦宜乎。

35. The royal park of King Wen was seventy miles square, where the collectors of grass and wood went, and where the hunters of wild birds and deer went. It was shared with the people, yet the people thought it was small; was it not appropriate for them to think so?

36. 虽有智慧，不如乘势；虽有镃基，不如待时。

36. It is better to ride the momentum than to rely on wisdom; it is better to wait for the right time than to have a strong foundation.

37. 生，我所欲也；义亦我所欲也。二者不可得兼，舍生而取义者也。

37. Life is what I desire; righteousness is also what I desire. When these two cannot be obtained at the same time, there are those who would give up life to pursue righteousness.

38. 行之而不著焉，习矣而不察焉，终身由之而不知其道者，众也。

38. Those who practice without understanding, become accustomed without noticing, and live their whole lives following it without knowing its principles, are the many.

39. 国必自伐，而后人伐之。

39. A nation must first boast, and then others will attack it.

40. 孟子曰：“不为无益之事，何以遗君子？”解释：孟子认为，人们不应该去从事毫无益处的事情，应该追求对自己和他人有益的事业，以充实君子的人生。

40. Mencius said, "How can one leave a legacy for the gentleman if they do not engage in beneficial endeavors?" Explanation: Mencius believed that people should not indulge in activities that are devoid of benefit, and instead should pursue endeavors that are beneficial to themselves and others, in order to enrich the life of the gentleman.

41. 谨庠序之教，申之以孝悌之义，颁白者不负戴於道路矣。

41. Take the ritual education seriously, emphasizing the virtues of filial piety and respect for the elder brother, and those who distribute it will not be a burden on the roads.

42. 父子有亲，君臣有交，夫妇有别，长幼有序，朋友有信。

42. There is affection between father and son, mutual respect between ruler and subject, distinction between husband and wife, order between the young and the old, and trust among friends.

43. 得道者多助，失道者寡助。寡助之至，亲戚畔之；多助之至，天下顺之。

43. Those who are on the right path will have many helpers, while those who have strayed from it will have few. When helpers are at their least, even relatives will turn against them; when helpers are at their most, the whole world will follow them.

44. 富贵不能淫，贫贱不能移，威武不能屈。恭者不侮人，俭者不夺人。

44. Wealth and honor cannot corrupt, poverty and lowliness cannot displace, might cannot subdue. The humble do not insult others, the thrifty do not seize others' belongings.

45. 人不可以无耻，无耻之耻，无耻矣。

45. A person cannot be shameless; the shame of shamelessness is shamelessness itself.

46. 尊贤使能，俊杰在位。

46. Esteem the worthy and employ the able; the outstanding individuals will be in positions of authority.

47. 为人君，亲其臣，为人臣，亲其兄。解释：孟子强调在不同的角色和位置上，都需要遵循亲近原则，作为君主要亲近臣民，作为臣子要亲近兄弟，以建立和谐的人际关系。

47. To be a ruler, to be close to one's ministers; to be a subject, to be close to one's elder brother. Explanation: Mencius emphasizes that in different roles and positions, one needs to follow the principle of closeness. As a ruler, one should be close to the people; as a subject, one should be close to one's brothers, in order to establish harmonious interpersonal relationships.

48. 离娄上：人之患，在好为人师。

48. Lǚ Xiāo Shàng: The problem of people is that they like to be teachers to others.

49. 权，然后和轻重；度，然后知长短。

49. First establish the right, then consider the weight and lightness; first measure, then know the length and shortness.

50. 君子有三乐，而王天下不与存焉。父母俱存，兄弟无故，一乐也；仰不愧于天，俯不怍于人，二乐也；得天下英才而教育之，三乐也。君子有三乐，而王天下不与存焉。

50. A gentleman has three joys, and being the ruler of the world is not among them. Both parents are alive, and brothers and siblings are all well, that is one joy; looking up, he is not ashamed before heaven, looking down, he is not ashamed before people, that is another joy; and gaining the world's talents and educating them, that is the third joy. A gentleman has three joys, and being the ruler of the world is not one of them.

51. 仁则荣，不仁则辱。

51. Being benevolent brings honor, while lacking benevolence brings disgrace.

52. 明君制民之产，必使仰足以事父母，俯足以畜妻子，乐岁终身饱，凶年免于死亡。

52. A wise ruler governs the people's property so that they are able to support their parents above and rear their children and spouses below, enjoying sufficient food throughout the years of plenty and being saved from death in years of scarcity.

53. 人以言志，志以言立。言之不预，非无以使人。解释：孟子强调言语对塑造人的志向和立场的重要性，言语的表达不仅是思想的宣泄，也是立场的建立。

53. People express their aspirations through words, and aspirations are established through words. Without premeditated words, there is no way to influence others. Explanation: Mencius emphasizes the importance of speech in shaping one's aspirations and stances. The expression of words is not only the release of thoughts but also the establishment of stances.

54. 仁言不如仁声之入人深也，善政不如善教之得民也。善政，民畏之；善教，民爱之。善政得民财，善教得民心。

54. Words of benevolence are not as profound as the influence of benevolent actions; good governance is not as effective as good education in winning the people's hearts. Good governance earns the people's fear, while good education earns their love. Good governance gains the people's wealth, and good education gains the people's hearts.

55. 老吾老，以及人之老；幼吾幼，以及人之幼。

55. Honor the aged as your own parents, and show kindness to the young as if they were your own children.

56. 不违农时，谷不可胜食也；数罟不入洿池，鱼鳖不可胜食也；斧斤以时入山林，材木不可胜用也。谷与鱼鳖不可胜食，材木不可胜用，是使民养生丧死无憾。

56. If farming is not hindered by inappropriate timing, the grain will be abundant enough to satisfy everyone's needs; if fishing nets are not used excessively in the ponds, fish and turtles will be abundant enough to satisfy everyone's needs; if axes and hammers are used at the right time in the forests, timber will be abundant enough to satisfy everyone's needs. When grain, fish, and turtles are abundant enough to satisfy everyone's needs, and timber is abundant enough to satisfy everyone's needs, it will ensure that the people can live and die without any regrets.

57. 心之官则思，思则得之，不思则不得也。

57. The function of the heart is to think; when one thinks, one attains understanding, but if one does not think, one does not attain it.

58. 孟子言且令臣庶皆後去其仁义，而先且以自利，则不交相杀夺，故不足自饱餍。言必杀夺。

58. Mencius said, "If the common people were to first put their own interests before righteousness and benevolence, then there would be no mutual killing and robbing, but it would not be enough to satisfy their own desires. It would inevitably lead to killing and robbing."

59. 惠王今问我曰何以利益我国，则为王之大夫必问我曰何以利益我家，为大夫既欲利益其家，则为王之士庶人亦必问我曰何以利益我身。

59. King Hui asked me today how to benefit our country, and as a minister of the king, he would also ask me how to benefit my family. Since the minister desires to benefit his own family, then the commoners and people of the king would also ask me how to benefit myself.

60. 人不知而不愠，不亦君子乎？解释：孟子认为，能够在他人不了解自己的情况下仍然保持淡定而不生气的人，才是真正的君子，表现了高尚的品德和涵养。

60. "If a person does not become angry when others do not understand him, is he not a gentleman?" Explanation: Mencius believes that only a person who remains composed and does not get angry when others are unaware of his actions is a true gentleman, which demonstrates noble character and cultivation.

61. 夫子言之，于我心有戚戚焉。

61. Confucius said, and it deeply resonates with me.

62. 富贵不能淫，贫贱不能移，威武不能屈。

62. Wealth and status cannot corrupt, poverty and lowliness cannot shift, and might cannot bend.

63. 孔子登东山而小鲁，登泰山而小天下。

63. Confucius climbed Mount Dongshan and felt the kingdom of Lu to be small, and climbed Mount Tai and felt the whole world to be small.

64. 世俗所谓不孝者五：情其四支，不顾父母之养，一不孝也；博弃好饮酒，不顾父母之养，二不孝也；好货财，私妻子，不顾父母之养，三不孝也；从耳目之欲，以为父母戮，四不孝也；好勇斗狠，以危父母，五不孝也。

64. The secular world identifies five types of disobedience to parents: neglecting their limbs, not providing for their parents' needs, the first form of disobedience; indulging in drinking and neglecting their parents' needs, the second form of disobedience; loving wealth and possessions, favoring their own wives and children, neglecting their parents' needs, the third form of disobedience; yielding to the desires of the ears and eyes, causing distress to their parents, the fourth form of disobedience; being brave and quarrelsome, putting their parents in danger, the fifth form of disobedience.