1. 本固邦宁：出 处 《书·五子之歌》：“民惟邦本，本固邦宁。”孔传：“言人君当固民以安国。”

1. The country is peaceful because the people are stable: This phrase comes from the "Book of Songs, Chapter of the Five Sons": "The people are the foundation of the state, and the foundation is stable if the state is peaceful." Confucius explained: "It means that the ruler should stabilize the people to ensure the peace of the country."

2. 四书五经是四书和五经的合称，是中国儒家经典的书籍。四书指的是《论语》《孟子》《大学》和《中庸》；而五经指的是《诗经》《尚书》《礼记》《周易》和《春秋》，简称为“诗、书、礼、易、春秋”，在之前，还有一本《乐经》，合称“诗、书、礼、乐、易、春秋”,这六本书也被称做“六经”，其中的《乐经》后来亡佚了，就只剩下了五经。《四书五经》是南宋以后儒学的基本书目，儒生学子的必读之书。

2. The Four Books and Five Classics is a collective term for the Four Books and the Five Classics, which are the classical texts of Confucianism in China. The Four Books refer to the "Analects of Confucius," "Mencius," "The Great Learning," and "The Doctrine of the Mean"; while the Five Classics include the "Book of Songs," "Book of Documents," "Book of Rites," "Book of Changes," and "Spring and Autumn Annals," commonly abbreviated as "Shi (Poetry), Shu (Books), Li (Rites), Yi (Changes), Chunqiu (Spring and Autumn Annals)." Previously, there was also a "Book of Music," making it "Shi, Shu, Li, Yue (Music), Yi, Chunqiu," and these six books are also known as the "Six Classics." The "Book of Music" was later lost, leaving only the Five Classics. The "Four Books and Five Classics" have been the basic books of Confucian studies since the Southern Song Dynasty, and they are essential reading for Confucian scholars and students.

3. 《论语》是儒家学派的经典著作之一，由孔子的弟子及其再传弟子编撰而成。它以语录体和对话文体为主，记录了孔子及其弟子言行，集中体现了孔子的政治主张、论理思想、道德观念及教育原则等。

3. The Analects is one of the classic works of the Confucian school, compiled by Confucius' disciples and their disciples. It mainly consists of discourses and dialogues, recording the words and deeds of Confucius and his disciples, and focusing on Confucius' political views, philosophical thoughts, moral concepts, and educational principles.

4. “五经”，指儒家的五种经典，指《周易》、《尚书》、《诗经》、《礼记》、

4. "The Five Classics" refers to the five canonical texts of Confucianism, including the "Book of Changes" (I Ching), the "Book of Documents" (Shang Shu), the "Book of Songs" (Shi Jing), the "Book of Rites" (Li Ji), and the "Spring and Autumn Annals" (Chun Qiu).

5. 民为邦本：出处《论语·五子之歌》：“皇祖有训，民可近不可下。民惟邦本，本固邦宁。”

5. "The people are the foundation of the state": This quote is from "The Analects of Confucius - The Song of the Five Rulers": "The ancestors have a saying: The people can be approached but not degraded. The people are the foundation of the state; when the foundation is solid, the state is peaceful."

6. 民为邦本，本固邦宁，出自《尚书·五子之歌》，含义是只百姓应该是国家的根本，只有根本稳固，国家才能安宁。

6. "The people are the foundation of the state; when the foundation is firm, the state is peaceful." This is a quote from the "Book of Documents: The Song of the Five Princes," meaning that the people should be the cornerstone of the nation, and only when the foundation is stable can the state enjoy peace and tranquility.