1. 水稻进入黄熟后期，达到90%的籽粒黄熟，即可进行收割。收割时捆小捆，摆“人”字架进行风干，6～

1. When rice enters the late stage of ripening, reaching 90% of the grains are ripe, it is time for harvesting. During harvesting, tie the rice into small bundles and place them in "human" shaped racks for air drying, with a drying period of 6 to...

2. 选择地势平坦，背风向阳，排水良好，水源方便，土质肥沃的中性、偏酸性园田地或旱田地做育苗田。采用钢骨架大棚育苗，大棚一般南北走向。提倡秋整地秋打床，秋施农肥。清除根茬，打碎坷垃，整平床面。施用壮秧剂：可选用“鑫洋”有机壮秧剂。使用方法按产品说明书操作。

2. Choose neutral or slightly acidic garden land or dry land with flat terrain, wind-protected and sunny, good drainage, convenient water source, and fertile soil as seedling fields. Use steel frame greenhouses for seedling cultivation, with the greenhouse generally oriented from north to south. It is recommended to prepare the land and make beds in autumn, and apply agricultural fertilizers in autumn. Remove root stubs, crush lumps, and level the bed surface. Apply seedling strengthening agent: "Xin Yang" organic seedling strengthening agent can be selected. Use the product according to the instructions provided.

3. 稻曲病 在水稻出穗前7―10天，用10%井岗霉素可湿性粉剂750克/公顷或5%水剂225升兑水常规喷雾，可同时防治穗颈瘟。

3. Rice false smut: Apply 750 grams per hectare of 10% potassium salt wettable powder or 225 liters of 5% aqueous solution diluted with water for conventional spraying 7-10 days before the rice panicle emergence, which can simultaneously control panicle blast.

4. 每公顷用种量：一般钵盘育苗用种量25公斤（发芽率在95%以上），一般旱育苗30～40公斤。盐碱地适当多些，非盐碱地区适当少些，旱育稀植的也要少些。

4. Seed用量 per hectare: Generally, for pot育苗, the seed用量 is 25 kilograms (with germination rate above 95%), and for land育苗, it is 30 to 40 kilograms. For saline-alkali soils, a slightly higher amount is appropriate, while for non-saline-alkali areas, a slightly lower amount is suitable. For land育苗 with sparse planting, the seed用量 should also be reduced.

5. 用性诱剂诱杀成虫。在稻田内每公顷设15个诱捕器（每亩1个），每个诱捕器内放一个诱芯。佳多牌频振式PS-15I光控型杀虫灯每盏可控制水田3公顷，同时开灯诱杀水稻害虫。（

5. Use sex pheromones to lure and kill adult insects. Set up 15 traps (one per mu) per hectare in paddy fields, with one lure core placed in each trap. Each Jia Dao brand PS-15I frequency vibration type insecticide light can control 3 hectares of paddy fields, and can simultaneously turn on the lights to lure and kill rice pests.

6. 预防立枯病：秧苗一叶一心期用15%多抗霉素300倍液，每平方米喷施1-2公斤，也可喷施1-2次PH值为4的酸化水（5°米醋1：10倍清水），喷后用清水冲洗。

6. Prevention of dry rot disease: During the single-leaf and single-heart stage of seedlings, use a 15% polyoxin solution at a dilution of 300 times, spraying 1-2 kilograms per square meter. Alternatively, spray 1-2 times with acidified water (1:10 dilution of 5° vinegar in clear water) with a pH of 4, and rinse with clean water after spraying.

7. 返青期。返青期的灌水原则是创造植株水分稳定的环境，促进植株早生新根，加速返青，插后依秧苗大小而定，一般灌浅水3-5厘米，保持田面不干；分蘖期。分蘖期是水稻营养生长阶段，对水分的多少较为敏感，如水分过少会减少有效分蘖，盐碱地还易受土壤返盐影响而死苗；如水层过深，又会使土壤通气不良，分蘖芽受抑制而终止分蘖，这时可灌3厘米浅水层，以促进分蘖早生快 发，还应注意换水和补水。分蘖末期，水稻对水分不敏感，视水稻分蘖状况，可采取适度晒田，控制无效分蘖；孕穗至抽穗开花期。孕穗期是水稻需水量最多时期，约占全生育期需水25-35%，对水分极为敏感，此期需要灌水5厘米左右。此期对长势过旺的稻田，应适时排水2-3次，藉以增强叶片光合能力，减少稻体氨基酸含量，起到防病、抗倒伏的作用；成熟期。包括乳熟和黄熟两个阶段。乳熟期茎叶中的养分大量向籽粒运转，灌溉应满足植株所需的稳定土壤湿润环境，采取浅湿交替灌溉，可以收到“以气养根，以根保叶，以叶促熟”的效果。齐穗后，植株叶色较淡时，可结合灌水追施粒肥。灌溉采取后水不见前水，50%面积黄熟后10天开始断水，注意切忌断水过早，一般收获前7-10天断水为宜。

7. Recovery period. The principle of irrigation during the recovery period is to create a stable environment for plant moisture, promote the early growth of new roots, and accelerate the recovery of the plants. The irrigation after planting depends on the size of the seedlings, generally with a shallow water level of 3-5 centimeters to keep the field surface moist; tillering period. The tillering period is the stage of rice's nutritional growth, which is relatively sensitive to water quantity. If the water is too little, it will reduce the effective tillering, and in saline-alkali soils, it may cause seedling death due to soil salinization. If the water level is too deep, it will cause poor soil aeration, inhibit the tillering buds, and terminate tillering. At this time, it is advisable to irrigate with a shallow water layer of 3 centimeters to promote early and rapid tillering, and attention should be paid to water exchange and replenishment. At the end of the tillering period, rice is not sensitive to water. Depending on the rice tillering condition, moderate drying of the field can be adopted to control ineffective tillering; from the booting to heading and flowering stage. The booting period is the time when rice requires the most water, accounting for about 25-35% of the total water requirement during the whole growth period, and it is extremely sensitive to water. During this period, water should be supplied to a depth of about 5 centimeters. For rice fields with excessive growth, timely drainage 2-3 times is recommended to enhance the photosynthetic ability of the leaves, reduce the amino acid content in the rice body, and play a role in disease prevention and resistance to lodging. The maturity period includes the milky and yellow stages. During the milky stage, a large amount of nutrients in the stems and leaves are transferred to the grains. Irrigation should meet the stable soil moisture environment required by the plants, and shallow wet alternating irrigation can achieve the effect of "nourishing roots with air, protecting leaves with roots, and promoting maturity with leaves." After the panicle is fully formed, when the plant leaves become lighter, grain fertilizer can be applied in combination with irrigation. After irrigation, the water level should not be seen again, and water should be cut off 10 days after 50% of the area turns yellow. Attention should be paid to not cutting off water too early, and it is generally advisable to cut off water 7-10 days before harvest.

8. 选种：用盐水最好。将盐水配制1∶13比重（约501公斤水加12公斤盐），用鲜鸡蛋测试，鸡蛋在盐水液中露出水面5分硬币大小即可。去掉秕谷，捞出稻谷洗2～3遍。

8. Seed selection: Using saltwater is best. Prepare a saltwater solution with a ratio of 1:13 (about 501 kilograms of water mixed with 12 kilograms of salt), and test it with fresh eggs. The eggs should be exposed to the surface of the saltwater solution by the size of a 5-cent coin. Remove the chaff and then retrieve the rice and wash it 2 to 3 times.

9. 催芽。将浸种好的种子，用35℃水串，提高种子温度，然后用保暖物品盖好捂严，用30―32℃的高温破胸，严禁高温；当种子有80%左右破胸时，将温度降到25℃适温长芽，要经常翻动，使种子受热均匀，芽出的齐；当芽长1毫米时降温到15―20℃低温晾芽待播，芽长不能超过2毫米

9. Seed Germination. After soaking the seeds, use 35℃ water to string them to raise the seed temperature. Then cover and seal them well with insulating materials. Use high temperatures of 30-32℃ to break the seed coats, strictly avoiding excessive heat. When about 80% of the seeds have broken their coats, lower the temperature to 25℃ for suitable germination temperature. It is necessary to frequently turn the seeds to ensure even heating and uniform germination. When the sprouts reach 1 millimeter in length, lower the temperature to 15-20℃ for low-temperature drying before sowing. The sprout length must not exceed 2 millimeters.

10. 灌溉：水稻生长过程中对水分的消耗有生理需水和生态需水两大类别，生理需水指维持正常生理活动和保持体内水分平衡的水分，主要指叶面同蒸腾；生态需水系指用于调节稻田生态环境，适应水稻生长的水量，主要指棵间蒸发和土壤渗漏。在灌溉上用水的原则是满足水稻生理需水，尽量减少生态用水，采用浅湿结合，间歇灌溉的节水灌溉技术。

10. Irrigation: The water consumption in the growth process of rice can be divided into two major categories: physiological water demand and ecological water demand. Physiological water demand refers to the water required to maintain normal physiological activities and to maintain the water balance within the body, mainly involving the transpiration from the leaf surface. Ecological water demand refers to the water used for regulating the paddy field ecological environment and adapting to rice growth, mainly involving inter-stem evaporation and soil leakage. The principle of water usage in irrigation is to meet the physiological water demand of rice, minimize ecological water usage, and adopt a water-saving irrigation technology of shallow flooding combined with intermittent irrigation.

11. 水整地要在插秧前3-5天进行，整平耙细，做到池内高低不过寸，肥水不排出。日平均气温稳定通过12℃时开始插秧，5月末结束，不插6月秧。中等肥力地块一般行穴距9×4寸，高肥力地块采用超稀栽培，插秧规格为9×5寸，每穴3-4棵基本苗。

11. Land reclamation should be carried out 3-5 days before transplanting rice, ensuring the soil is leveled and finely tilled, with the pool's elevation not exceeding an inch and no fertilized water leakage. Rice transplanting begins when the average daily temperature stabilizes at 12℃ and ends by the end of May, with no transplanting in June. For medium fertility plots, the general spacing between rows and hills is 9 inches by 4 inches, while high fertility plots use ultra-thin cultivation with a planting specification of 9 inches by 5 inches, with 3-4 seedlings per hill.

12. 施肥：基肥用符合有机产品生产和加工认证的“鑫洋”牌有机肥（有机质含量30%）1500公斤/公顷，水稻返青后追施“鑫洋”有机肥350公斤/公顷，7月5-15日追施“鑫洋”有机肥150公斤公顷。

12. Fertilization: Base fertilizer with "Xin Yang" brand organic fertilizer certified for organic product production and processing (organic matter content 30%) at a rate of 1500 kg/hectare. After the rice returns to green, topdress with "Xin Yang" organic fertilizer at a rate of 350 kg/hectare. From July 5th to 15th, topdress with "Xin Yang" organic fertilizer at a rate of 150 kg/hectare.

13. 纹枯病 每公顷用5%井岗霉素水剂1500克/公顷兑水75公斤在发病率达到20%时喷于稻株中下部；也可用10%井岗霉素可湿性粉剂公顷750克/公顷兑水进行常规喷雾。（

13.纹枯 disease: Apply 1500 grams of 5%井冈霉素 water-based solution per hectare, diluted with 75 kilograms of water, to the lower and middle parts of the rice plants when the disease incidence reaches 20%; or use 750 grams of 10%井冈霉素 wettable powder per hectare, diluted with water, for conventional spraying.

14. d，当水稻籽粒含水量降到15%～16%时即可进行脱粒。

14. d, The dehulling process can be carried out when the water content of the rice grains drops to 15% to 16%.

15. 温度管理：播种至出苗期，密封保温。出苗至1叶1心期，注意开始通风炼苗。棚内温度不超过28℃。秧苗15-25叶期，逐步增加通风量，棚温控制到25℃，严防高温烧苗和秧苗徒长。秧苗25-30叶期，做到昼揭夜盖，棚温控制到20℃左右，出苗时遇“顶盖”现象，应及时敲碎被顶起的覆土。

15. Temperature management: Seal and insulate during the sowing to seedling emergence period. From seedling emergence to the 1-leaf-1-heart stage, begin to pay attention to ventilation and seedling hardening. The temperature inside the greenhouse should not exceed 28℃. From the 15-25 leaf stage of the seedlings, gradually increase the ventilation volume, control the greenhouse temperature to 25℃, and strictly prevent high temperature from burning the seedlings and excessive growth. From the 25-30 leaf stage of the seedlings, ensure that the greenhouse is uncovered during the day and covered at night, controlling the greenhouse temperature to about 20℃, and if the "top cover" phenomenon occurs during emergence, the soil on top should be broken up in a timely manner.

16. 当日气温稳定通过5-6℃时开始播种。机插盘育苗每盘播芽籽125-150克，钵体盘育苗每孔播芽籽3粒。播种前要浇透底水，播种后拍压种子，使种子三面入土。用过筛无草籽的沃土盖严种子，覆盖厚度05-10厘米。播种后在床面上平铺地膜，出苗后立即撤掉。

16. Sowing begins when the daily temperature remains stable at 5-6℃. For seedling trays used in mechanical planting, 125-150 grams of seedlings are sown per tray, and 3 seedlings per hole for pot trays. Before sowing, make sure to water the soil thoroughly. After sowing, press down on the seeds to ensure that three sides of the seeds are in the soil. Cover the seeds with fertile soil that has been sifted to remove weed seeds, with a covering thickness of 0.5-1.0 centimeters. After sowing, lay a film on the surface of the bed. Remove the film immediately after the seedlings emerge.

17. 水分管理：秧苗2叶期前原则上不浇水，保持土壤湿润，如果床面干裂要及时补水。秧苗2叶期后，床土干旱要早、晚浇水，每次浇足浇透。但不可大水漫灌。

17. Water Management: Prior to the two-leaf stage of seedlings, watering should be avoided in principle, and the soil should be kept moist. If the bed surface cracks, timely watering should be provided. After the two-leaf stage of the seedlings, when the bed soil is dry, water should be applied early and late in the day, ensuring that each watering is thorough. However, avoid excessive flooding.

18. 晒种：选晴天，在干燥平坦地上平铺席子或水泥场摊开，厚度一寸，晒2～3天，白天晒晚间装起来，在晒的时候经常翻动，目的是提高种子活性。

18. Seed Drying: Choose a sunny day and spread out a mat or cement ground in a flat, dry area. The thickness should be one inch, and it should be dried for 2 to 3 days. During the day, expose it to the sun, and at night, cover it up. The seeds should be frequently turned during the drying process to enhance their vitality.

19. 用赤眼蜂防治二化螟。在成虫高峰期，分两次放蜂防治虫卵，每次公顷放蜂15万头，间隔5―7天。（

19. Use Trichogramma dendrolimi to control the two-strain chilo. During the peak adult stage, the bees are released in two rounds to control the eggs, with 150,000 bees released per hectare each time, with an interval of 5-7 days.

20. 稻瘟病 在叶瘟达到二级时用6%春雷霉素可湿性粉剂09千克/公顷兑水75公斤喷雾，严重时可再喷一次；在出穗率达1/3时用以上的方法喷施一次，防治水稻穗颈瘟。（

20. Rice blast: When the leaf blast reaches the second grade, spray with 6% Chūn léi méisuān wettable powder at a rate of 0.9 kilograms per hectare, diluted with 75 kilograms of water; in severe cases, spray again. When the ear emergence rate reaches 1/3, apply the above method once to prevent and control rice ear neck blast.

21. 苗床灭草：由于床土事先经过了灭草处理，故床面杂草不会很多，但随着秧龄的增加，底床的杂草萌发出来，因此苗期杂草要由人工经常拔除。

21. Seedling Bed Weed Control: Since the bed soil has been treated for weed control beforehand, there won't be many weeds on the bed surface. However, as the seedlings grow older, weeds will start to sprout from the bottom of the bed. Therefore, weeds during the seedling stage need to be frequently removed manually.

22. 浸种消毒：目的是使种子充分吸水有利发芽，同时消毒防治恶苗病。目前生产上消毒药剂很多。恶苗净（多效灵）用的较为普遍。本品每袋100克，加水50公斤，搅拌后浸种40公斤，常温浸种5～7天，浸后不用清水洗可直接催芽播种。

22. Seed soaking and sterilization: The purpose is to allow the seeds to absorb sufficient water for germination, while also sterilizing and preventing the disease of smut. Currently, there are many sterilization agents used in production. A commonly used one is "Agrimycin (Multiefficient)" powder. Each bag contains 100 grams of the product, which is mixed with 50 kilograms of water, then used to soak 40 kilograms of seeds. The seeds are soaked at room temperature for 5 to 7 days. After soaking, there is no need to rinse with clean water before the seeds can be directly used for germination and sowing.

23. 苗床施肥：在秧苗2叶1心到3叶时，用“鑫洋”有机肥每平方米05公斤撒施于床面，施后用清水冲洗。

23. Seedling Bed Fertilization: When the seedlings have 2 leaves and 1 heart or 3 leaves, apply "Xinyang" organic fertilizer at a rate of 0.5 kilograms per square meter on the bed surface, and then rinse with clean water after application.