1. 日没暗红，无雨必风。

1. The sunset is dark red, and without rain, there will be wind.

2. 不可理喻：没法跟他讲道理。形容蛮横或固执。

2. Unreasonable: Cannot reason with him. Describes a stubborn or overbearing attitude.

3. 不卑不亢：对待人有恰当的分寸，既不低声下气，了不傲慢自大。

3. Modesty and Confidence: Treat people with appropriate decorum, neither too servile nor overly proud and arrogant.

4. 本文的写作特点：1层次清楚，有纲有目；2能抓住云的特点来进行说明；3语言生动，运用比喻、拟人和排比等修辞手法，把云写得生动形象；4运用分类别的说明方法。

4. Characteristics of this article's writing: 1) Clear hierarchy with clear headings and subheadings; 2) Capable of capturing the characteristics of clouds for explanation; 3) Vivid language, utilizing rhetorical devices such as metaphors, personification, and parallelism to make clouds vivid and tangible; 4) Applying the method of classification in explanation.

5. 小满不下，梅雨较少。

5. If there is no Xiaoman (the fifth solar term), there will be less plum rain.

6. 有凤来仪：凤：凤凰，传说中的百鸟之王；仪：仪容。古时吉祥的征兆。

6. A Phoenix Arrives: Feng: Phoenix, the king of all birds in legends; Yi: appearance. An auspicious sign in ancient times.

7. 四方之志 志：志向。指远大的志向。亦作“志在四方”。

7. The aspiration of the four directions. "志" refers to aspiration, indicating a grand aspiration. It can also be expressed as "aspiring to the four directions."

8. 这是带有迷信的说法。五日一风，十日一雨：指每天刮一次风，十天下一场雨。

8. This is a superstitious saying. "One wind every five days, one rain every ten days": This means there is a wind every day and it rains once every ten days.

9. 看见另一个事物就想改变原来的主意。指意志不坚定，喜爱不专一。

9. Seeing another thing and wanting to change one's original mind. It refers to a lack of determination and a lack of loyalty in one's preferences.

10. 2对于云的名称的理解是有一定难度的，可结合课本前面的彩色插页加深理解。比如“卷云”的中，卷云呈现出卷起的样子，有一个小钩。另外，文中看云的角度是从地面往上看，不是从飞机上往下看。

10.2 Understanding the names of clouds can be somewhat challenging, and you can deepen your understanding by referring to the color plates at the beginning of the textbook. For example, in the name "Cirrus," the clouds appear in a curly shape, with a small hook. Additionally, the perspective of observing clouds in the text is from looking up from the ground, not looking down from an airplane.

11. 四方八面 到处；各个方面。

11. In all directions; in every aspect.

12. 2积重难返 ： 指长期形成的不良风俗、习惯不易改变

12.2 The weight of accumulated bad habits is difficult to shift: Refers to long-standing bad customs and habits that are not easy to change.

13. 五彩缤纷 五颜六色 一碧千里 万紫千红 花红柳绿 翠 流 姹紫嫣红 五光十色 青红皂白 绿水青山 表示稀少的成语

13. Colorful, vibrant, emerald, resplendent, red flowers and green willows, lush, flowing, deep purple and bright red, multi-colored, black and white, green waters and green mountains – these are idioms that express rarity.

14. 捕风捉影风和影子都是抓不着的。比喻说话做事丝毫没有事实根据。

14. Catching the wind and the shadow. Wind and shadows cannot be caught. It is a metaphor for speaking or acting without any factual basis.

15. 2云的种类繁多，学生掌握起来有一定的难度。通过设计表格，可以帮助学生掌握云的种类，从而更加清楚地理解课文。解答这道题的思路是，先把云分成两大类：按照云的形态可分为晴天的云和雨雪天气的云；再按照云的光彩分为四种。列表如下：

15.2 There are many types of clouds, and it is somewhat difficult for students to master them. By designing a table, it can help students grasp the types of clouds, thereby understanding the text more clearly. The approach to solving this question is to first divide clouds into two major categories: clouds in sunny weather and clouds in rainy or snowy weather; and then divide them into four types according to their luster. The list is as follows:

16. 凤凰不来。比喻天下不太平，政治不清明，无希望。

16. The phoenix does not come. This is a metaphor for an unstable world, unclear politics, and the absence of hope.

17. 高层云：在阳光或月光照耀下，看上去像灰色的幕幔。如果湿空气靠近，云盘消失，云层变厚、变暗，直至下雨，高可达2 500~

17. High-level Cloud: Under the light of the sun or moon, it looks like a gray curtain. If moist air approaches, the cloud disk disappears, the cloud layer becomes thicker and darker, until it rains, as high as 2,500~

18. 龟龙麟凤：传统上用来象征高寿、尊贵、吉祥的四种动物。比喻身处高位德盖四海的人。

18. Tortoise, Dragon, Unicorn, and Phoenix: These are traditionally used to symbolize longevity, nobility, and auspiciousness, representing four animals. They are a metaphor for a person who holds a high position and has virtue that covers the seas.

19. 餐风沐雨餐：吃；沐：洗。以风充饥，用雨水洗头。

19. Eating the wind and washing with rain: "Eat" refers to eating, and "wash" refers to washing. Feeding on the wind to satisfy hunger and using rainwater to wash one's hair.

20. 19狼奔豕突：狼和猪东奔西跑。比喻成群的坏人乱窜乱撞。（贬）。

20. 19. Wolf running and pig charging: Wolves and pigs running east and west. It比喻a group of bad guys running around wildly. (Disparaging).

21. 四海他人 指没有亲戚关系。

21. "四海他人" refers to having no kinship relations.

22. 卷层云：由冰颗粒形成，看上去像白云的纹路，这些是惟一会在太阳或月亮周围产生光晕的云层。如果卷层云扩展，意味着天气晴朗；如果卷层云缩小，意味着将要下雨；如果天空笼罩着卷云，卷云上部的天空变暗，逐渐形成卷积云，这预示着雨雪的来临。

22. Mackerel clouds: Formed by ice particles, they resemble the patterns of white clouds and are the only clouds that can produce halos around the sun or moon. If mackerel clouds expand, it indicates clear weather; if they shrink, it suggests rain is approaching; if the sky is covered with mackerel clouds and the upper sky above them darkens, gradually forming cumulonimbus clouds, it portends the arrival of rain or snow.

23. 筚（bì）路蓝缕：驾着柴车，穿着破旧的衣服去开辟山林。筚路，柴车。

23. Bì Road, Blue Tatters: Traveling in a cart made of bamboo or reeds, dressed in tattered clothes, to clear and develop a forest. Bì Road refers to a cart made of bamboo or reeds.

24. 层出不穷—— 一次又一次地出现，没有穷尽

24. Emerging in waves - appearing again and again, without end

25. 三伏不热，五谷不结。

25. If the Dog Days are not hot, the five grains will not ripen.

26. “云往东，车马通； 云往南，水涨潭；云往西，披蓑衣；云往北，好晒麦”：根据云的移动方向来预测阴晴，云向东、向北移动，预示着天气晴好；云向西、向南移动，预示着会有雨来临。云的移动方向，一般表示它所在高度的风向。这一谚语说明的是云在低压内不同部位的分布情况。它适用于密布全天、低而移动较快的云。

26. "If the clouds move east, carriages and horses will travel; if the clouds move south, the water will rise in the pond; if the clouds move west, put on your raincoat; if the clouds move north, it's a good time to dry wheat": This proverb predicts the weather by observing the direction in which the clouds are moving. When clouds move east or north, it indicates fine weather; when clouds move west or south, it suggests rain is on the way. The direction of cloud movement generally indicates the wind direction at the altitude of the clouds. This proverb explains the distribution of clouds in different parts of a low-pressure system. It applies to clouds that cover the entire sky, are low, and move relatively quickly.

27. 春风一度度：次，回。比喻领略一番美妙的生活情趣。

27. Once the spring breeze passes by: once, return. A metaphor for experiencing a moment of delightful life情趣.

28. 50火中取栗：比喻冒危险给别人出力自己上了大当，一无所得。

28. To pick chestnuts out of the fire: A metaphor for taking risks to help others and ending up being taken advantage of, with nothing gained in return.

29. 四百四病 指四肢百体的四时病痛。泛指各种疾病。

29. Sibai four diseases refer to the seasonal aches and pains of the four limbs and all parts of the body. It is a general term for various diseases.

30. 刘立峰、冯俊杰《看图猜成语（共四册）》河南：河南文艺出版社，2014

30. Liu Lifeng, Feng Junjie, "Guess Idioms from Pictures (In total four volumes)" Henan: Henan Literature and Art Publishing House, 2014

31. 鬼也。”本谓鬼很多，后为疑心生暗鬼之意。 一步一趋①形容紧跟着行走。语本《庄子·田子方》：“夫子步亦步， 夫子趋亦趋。”②比喻事事模仿和追随别人。常含贬意。 一字连城 《魏书·彭城王勰传》：“黄门侍郎崔光读暮春群臣应诏诗。 至勰诗，高祖仍为之改一字……勰曰：‘臣闻《诗》三百，一言可蔽。今陛下赐刊一字，足以价等连城。’”后因以“一字连城”极言文字价值的崇高。连城，指“连城璧”。 握发吐哺 《韩诗外传》卷

31. "Also spirits." Originally, this meant there were many spirits, but later it referred to the suspicion that led to the creation of a dark spirit. "Step by step" (一步一趋) describes walking closely behind. The phrase comes from the "Tianzi Fang" chapter in the "Zhuangzi": "When the teacher walks, I walk; when the teacher runs, I run." It is used to比喻 (compare) everything being imitated and followed by others, often with a derogatory connotation. "One character is worth a city" (一字连城) comes from the "Wei Shu" (Book of the Wei) in the "Pingcheng Wang Xie" biography: "Imperial Councillor Cui Guang read the poems by ministers in response to the imperial edict in the late spring. When he reached Xie's poem, the emperor still changed one character... Xie said, 'I have heard that the Book of Songs contains three hundred poems, and one word can cover them all. Now, Your Majesty has given me the honor of publishing one character, which is enough to be valued as highly as a city filled with precious stones.' Afterward, 'one character is worth a city' was used to emphasize the high value of characters. 'City' refers to the 'city jade,' or 'liancheng bi'." "Grasp hair and give food" (握发吐哺) comes from volume of the "Han Shi Wai Zhuan" (External Transmission of Han Poems):

32. 不足为训：不值得很为效法的准则。训，准则。

32. Not worthy of emulation: Not a criterion that is very worthy of being followed. "训" refers to a criterion or standard.

33. 乌龙打坝，不阴就雨。

33. If the Wulong is pounding the dam, it will either be cloudy or it will rain.

34. 48黄粱一梦：比喻想要实现的好事落得一场空。也说黄粱美梦，一枕黄粱。

34. "The dream of a golden millet: a metaphor for the realization of a good thing ending in nothing. It is also said as the beautiful dream of a golden millet, or a dream of a golden millet in one pillow."

35. 记忆犹新：犹：仍然。对过去的事情记得很清楚，就像刚刚发生的一样。

35. Vivid memory: "犹" means "still" or "even." It refers to remembering past events as if they just happened, with clarity and freshness.

36. 层云：云层最低，犹如浓雾笼罩在空中，刚开始出现时经常会被误认为是高山浓雾。它们并非很自然的雨水云，但也可以形成蒙蒙细雨。如果在夜间它越来越厚，覆盖在清晨空中，通常这会是晴朗的一天，高度不超过2 500米。

36. Stratocumulus Clouds: These clouds are the lowest in the sky, resembling a dense fog hovering in the air. When they first appear, they are often mistaken for thick fog over high mountains. They are not very natural rain clouds, but they can also produce a light drizzle. If they become thicker at night and cover the sky in the morning, it usually indicates a clear day with an altitude not exceeding 2,500 meters.

37. 三阳交泰：常用以称颂岁首或寓意吉祥。同“三阳开泰”。

37. The Three Sunshines Converging: Commonly used to praise the beginning of the year or symbolize auspiciousness. Synonymous with "The Three Sunshines Breaking Through."

38. 高积云 像草原上雪白的羊群，扁球状，排列整齐

38. Altocumulus clouds resemble a flock of white sheep on the grasslands, with flat spherical shapes and arranged neatly.

39. 43求全责备：苛责别人，要求完美 无缺。

39. To demand perfection: to be overly critical of others, expecting them to be perfect without any flaws.

40. 日暖夜寒，东海也乾。

40. The sun warms the day and the cold night, the East Sea also dries up.

41. “太阳现一现，三天不见面”：指春、夏时节，雨天的中午，云层裂开，太阳露一露脸，但云层又很快聚合变厚，这表明本地正处在准静止锋影响下，准静止锋附近气流升降强烈、多变。上升气流增强时，云层变厚，降雨增大；上升气流减弱时，云层变薄，降雨减小或停止；中午前后，太阳照射强烈，云层上部受热蒸发，或云层下面上升气流减弱，天顶处的云层就会裂开。随着太阳照射减弱，或云层下部上升气流加强，裂开的云层又重新聚拢变厚。因此，“太阳现一现”常预示继续阴雨。这句谚语和“太阳笑，淋破庙”“亮一亮，下一丈”等谚语类同。

41. "The sun shows its face and doesn't see us for three days": This refers to the spring and summer seasons when, during the noon of rainy days, the clouds part and the sun briefly shows its face, but the clouds quickly gather and become thicker again. This indicates that the local area is under the influence of a quasi-stationary front, where the air currents near the front are strong and changeable. When the ascending air currents strengthen, the clouds become thicker and the rainfall increases; when the ascending air currents weaken, the clouds become thinner, and the rainfall decreases or stops. Around noon, with the strong sunlight, the upper part of the clouds evaporate due to heating, or the ascending air currents below the clouds weaken, causing the clouds at the zenith to split open. As the sunlight weakens, or the ascending air currents below the clouds strengthen, the split clouds gather and become thick again. Therefore, the phrase "the sun shows its face" often预示继续阴雨. This saying is similar to other proverbs such as "when the sun smiles, the temple leaks" and "a brief shine, and the next rain is a meter deep."

42. 麦里苦虫，不冻不行。

42. The wheat bug cannot move without freezing.

43. 23另眼相看：用另一种眼光看待，多指看待某个人（或某种人）不同于一般。

43. 23. Differently viewed: To look at something or someone from a different perspective, usually referring to seeing an individual (or a certain type of person) differently from the norm.

44. 紫气东来：传说老子过函谷关之前，关尹喜见有紫气从东而来，知道将有圣人过关。果然老子骑着青牛而来。旧时比喻吉祥的征兆。

44. The East Wind Brings Purple Clouds: According to legend, before Laozi passed through the Hangu Pass, Guan Yinxi saw purple clouds coming from the east, knowing that a sage was about to pass through. Indeed, Laozi arrived riding a blue ox. In the past, it was used as a metaphor for a sign of good fortune.

45. 24门可罗雀 ： 大门前面可以张网捕雀，形容宾客稀少，十分冷落。

45. The front gate is as desolate as having 24 nets spread: This idiom describes a situation where the front gate is set with nets to catch sparrows, symbolizing a lack of guests and a very desolate atmosphere.

46. 斑驳陆离：解释：斑驳：色彩杂乱；陆离：参差不一。形容色彩纷杂。

46. Variegated and colorful: Explanation: Variegated: colors are chaotic; colorful: uneven and varied. Describes a scene with colorful and mixed colors.

47. 祸福无门：无门：没有定数。指灾祸和幸福不是注定的，都是人们自己造成的。

47. Misfortune and fortune have no gate: "No gate" refers to the absence of predetermined fate. It means that disasters and happiness are not predetermined; they are all caused by people themselves.

48. 滴水穿石：水不断下滴，可以滴穿石头。比喻只要有恒心，不断努力，事情一定成功

48. Drip by drip wears away the stone: The continuous dripping of water can wear through stone. It is a metaphor that as long as one has perseverance and keeps working tirelessly, success is certain.

49. 35披肝沥胆：比喻开诚相见，也比喻极尽忠诚。

49. 35 To pour one's heart out: This idiom比喻to be sincere and open in one's communication, and also to be extremely loyal.

50. 积云：很易于识别，蓬松状白云，如同团团棉絮，飘浮在空中。如果彼此分开意味着又是美好的晴天，可是如果发展得越来越大，前端越来越多，很可能会带来一场突然降临的暴雨。位于海上碧空中的积云，通常表明离陆地已经不远，高度一般不超过2 500米。

50. Cumulus Clouds: Easy to identify, these fluffy white clouds resemble clumps of cotton, floating in the sky. If they are separated from each other, it usually means a beautiful sunny day is ahead. However, if they grow larger and more numerous at the front, they may bring about a sudden downpour of rain. Cumulus clouds located in the clear blue sky over the sea usually indicate that land is not far away, and their height is generally no more than 2,500 meters.

51. 冻断麦根，挑断麻绳。

51. Break the wheat roots, sever the hemp rope.

52. 000米左右 较薄 阳光温和

About 52,000 meters, relatively thin, with mild sunshine.

53. 白璧微瑕—— 洁白的玉上有小斑点。比喻很好的人或事物还有小缺点，含有美中不足表示惋惜的意思

53. A jade tablet with a slight blemish - A pure jade tablet with a small speck. This idiom metaphorically refers to a very good person or thing that still has a minor flaw, implying a sense of regret for the fact that something good is not perfect.

54. 2设计一种表格，列出云及其光彩的种类、特征和它们分别预示的天气情况。

54.2 Design a table listing the types, characteristics, and the weather conditions forecasted by different clouds and their halos.

55. 虎视眈眈—— 像老虎要扑食那样注视着。形容贪婪地盯着，随时准备攫取

55. To eye with fierce anticipation—watching as if a tiger is about to pounce. It describes someone greedily staring at something, ready to seize it at any moment.

56. 四郊多垒 垒：营垒。敌军四面逼近，形势危急。也比喻竞争的对手多。

56. Many forts are built around the four suburbs. "Forts" refer to military camps. The enemy army is approaching from all sides, and the situation is critical. It also metaphorically refers to the presence of many competitors in a competition.

57. 触目伤怀：怀：心。看到某种情况而内心伤悲。

57. Heartbreaking at the sight: "怀" refers to the heart. Feeling sorrowful or heartbroken upon seeing a certain situation.

58. 此题构图没有文字，用图画来表达意思，包括一只眼睛和一片树叶，观察两个部分的关系，发现树叶遮住这只眼睛，所以推知，此图所表达的成语是“一叶障目”。

58. This question does not include any text in its composition, conveying meaning through pictures that include an eye and a leaf. By observing the relationship between these two parts, one discovers that the leaf covers the eye. Therefore, it can be inferred that the idiom expressed by this picture is "a leaf blocking the eye."

59. 27目无全牛：用来形容技艺已达十分纯熟的地步。（褒义词）

59. "27. To have eyes that see the entire cow without seeing the individual parts": This is used to describe a skill that has reached a very proficient level. (Praise word)

60. 有口皆碑—— 所有人的嘴都是活的纪功碑。比喻对突出的好人好事一致颂扬。 碑：纪功碑。

60. To be spoken of by all —— Everyone's mouth is a living monument. This idiom比喻 refers to the unanimous praise of outstanding good people and good deeds. 碑: monument.

61. 18苦心孤诣：费尽心思钻研或经营。孤诣，别人所达不到的。（中性）。

61. 18. Devotion to a single pursuit: To spend a great deal of effort in studying or managing something. "孤诣" refers to an achievement that others cannot reach. (Neutral).