1. 驴不知自丑，猴不嫌脸瘦。

1. The donkey doesn't know its own ugliness, and the monkey doesn't mind its thin face.

2. 美玉微瑕，未为至宝。

2. The jade has a minor flaw, but it is not the ultimate treasure.

3. ◆一等二靠三落空，一想二干三成功。 ◆一天不练手脚慢，两天不练丢一半，三天不练门外汉，四天不练瞪眼看。 ◆十年练得好文秀才，十年练不成田秀才。 ◆人在世上练，刀在石上磨。 ◆人行千里路，胜读十年书。 ◆人心隔肚皮，看人看行为。 ◆力是压大的，胆是吓大的。 ◆三天不念口生，三年不做手生。 ◆口说无凭，事实为证。 ◆湖里游着大鲤鱼，不如桌上小鲫鱼。 ◆口说不如身到，耳闻不如目睹。 ◆山里孩子不怕狼，城里孩子不怕官。 ◆万句言语吃不饱，一捧流水能解渴。 ◆山是一步一步登上来的，船是一橹一橹摇出去的。 ◆千学不如一看，千看不如一练。 ◆久住坡，不嫌陡。 ◆马看牙板，人看言行。 ◆不经冬寒，不知春暖。 ◆不挑担子不知重，不走长路不知远。 ◆不在被中睡，不知被儿宽。 ◆不下水，一辈子不会游泳；不扬帆，一辈子不会撑船。 ◆不当家，不知柴米贵；不生子，不知父母恩。 ◆不摸锅底手不黑，不拿油瓶手不腻。 ◆水落现石头，日久见人心。 ◆打铁的要自己把钳，种地的要自己下田。 ◆打柴问樵夫，驶船问艄公。 ◆宁可做过，不可错过。 ◆头回上当，二回心亮。 ◆发回水，积层泥；经一事，长一智。 ◆耳听为虚，眼见为实。 ◆老马识路数，老人通世故。 ◆老人不讲古，后生会失谱。 ◆老牛肉有嚼头，老人言有听头。 ◆老姜辣味大，老人经验多。 ◆百闻不如一见，百见不如一干。 ◆吃一回亏，学一回乖。 ◆当家才知盐米贵，出门才晓路难行。 ◆光说不练假把式，光练不说真把式，连说带练全把式。 ◆多锉出快锯，多做长知识。 ◆树老根多，人老识多。 ◆砍柴上山，捉鸟上树。 ◆砍柴砍小头，问路问老头。 ◆砂锅不捣不漏，木头不凿不通。 ◆草遮不住鹰眼，水遮不住鱼眼。 ◆药农进山见草药，猎人进山见禽兽。 ◆是蛇一身冷，是狼一身腥。 ◆香花不一定好看，会说不一定能干。 ◆经一番挫折，长一番见识。 ◆经得广，知得多。 ◆要知山中事，乡间问老农。 ◆要知父母恩，怀里抱儿孙。 。。。。。 “蜘蛛挂网，久雨必晴”谚语由来 据观测，在我国许多地方。如见蜘蛛张网，阴雨天气将会转晴。如见蜘蛛收网，天气将转为阴雨。 蜘蛛能预测天气，主要是因蜘蛛对空气中湿度变化反应相当灵敏，在蜘蛛尾部有许多小吐丝器，吐丝器部分既粘又凉，当阴雨天气来临时，由于空气中湿度大，水汽多，水汽易在蜘蛛吐丝器部分凝结成小水珠，这样蜘蛛吐丝时感到困难，便停止放丝而收网。相反，当空气中湿度变小天气转好时，蜘蛛吐丝顺利，便张网捕虫了。 另据研究，蜘蛛的腿能感知20—50赫频率的声音，当天气转晴时昆虫易活动，飞行时发出的嗡嗡声，蜘蛛蛛很快就会发觉，所以便添丝织网，准备捕捉。这正是民间用“蜘蛛挂网，久雨必晴”谚语来观测天气晴雨的道理。 “早吃生姜晚吃萝卜，郎中先生急得哭”的谚语由来 来自: 长征一号 (苏州) 有一年，慈禧太后忽然得了重病，头痛，心痛，肚皮痛，病到奄奄一息的地步，急得满朝文武百官团团转。北京城里名医车载斗量，可是对西太后的病症，都束手无策。是没有本领吗？不是的，实在是责任太大，在用药上为难了，轻了不见效，重了怕万一失误，吃罪不起。所以，弄得慈禧太后的毛病一天危急一天，眼看就要横下来了。 新科状元是苏州人，奏了一本，说苏州有位祖传名医叫曹沧洲，绰号赛华佗，有妙手回春之术，将他请来，或许太后的福体可以转安。 曹沧州像个乡下佬，平常不欢喜开口，走路也是慢吞吞的。这天，他接到圣旨，顿时面如土色，抱着一家老小嚎啕大哭。他认定，西太后若不到不可救药的地步，是不会从京城到苏州来请他的，治不好西太后，医生要殉葬，自己这条命是有去无回了。可圣旨不能违拗，曹沧洲只好硬着头皮动身。他一到北京刚住下，就借口路上受了风寒，便卧床不起，其实生病是假：要摸慈禧太后生病的根子是真。头一件大事是查看她吃了些什么药？不查不知道，一查吓一跳。慈禧太后每天吃的山珍海味不说，单是人参一项，日日恨不得泡在参汤里洗浴。还有燕窝、银耳，更是当饭吃。曹沧洲想到，医书上早有记载：“滋补过多，必然食阻中焦，中焦闭塞，危在旦夕。”找出病源，他的胆子大了，便去替慈禧太后看病了。 曹沧洲未用上好良药，单开了一味草头药，只写了五个大字：萝卜籽三钱。看得众御医当场发呆，个个舌头伸多长的，认为这个乡下郎中是进京来送死了。他们都懂药性，萝卜籽是括油的，西太后一向要滋补身体，这药分明不合西太后的心意，但是曹沧洲亲手撮药，亲手煎药，亲手送药到西太后的卧室前，等候她喝下去以后，这才回到住所休息。 西太后饮了三钱萝卜籽的药汤，当夜通了大便，第二天一早就起来了。她第一件事就是感谢神医曹沧洲，见面后恩赐曹沧洲九品顶戴，还要他骑马巡游京城，曹沧洲得了皇封，回乡时人未到家，地方官已经替他造好了三进房子。从此后，他在家专门为地方上乡亲看病，不但施诊，还要送药。逢人就劝人多吃萝卜，日子久了，苏州便有了"早吃生姜晚吃萝卜，郎中先生急得哭"的谚语了。 还有，谚语为人们对生产,生活中长期积累的经验进行描述的简练语言，这个就是它的来源。。 俗语，也称常言，俗话，这三者应该是同义词。俗语一词，已经普遍用作语言学的术语；常言一词，带有文言的色彩；俗话一词，则有口语的气息。 有的文章中偶尔也把俗语称作成语。俗语和成语都是汉语中的约定俗成的语言形式，二者关系密切。“约定俗成”这一成语，就包含着俗、成二字。但从学习的角度来看，它们还是各有特点的。试比较下列例句： 甲、大鱼吃小鱼，小鱼吃虾米 乙、弱肉强食 甲、多年的老歪树，直不起来了 乙、积重难返 甲、后长的牛角，比先长的耳朵长 乙、后来居上 甲、捡了芝麻，丢掉西瓜 乙、因小失大 甲、你走你的阳关道；我过我的独木桥 乙、分道扬镳 甲、前怕狼，后怕虎 乙、畏首畏尾 甲、打破砂锅问到底 乙、刨根问底 甲、王八看绿豆，对上眼儿 乙、一见锺情 以上各组例句，甲、乙意思相同，甲为俗语，乙为成语。俗语以形象为主体；成语以精练为特色。俗语多为完整的句子，长短不一，运用时可以变通；成语多为四个字的稳定结构，形式整齐。俗语流行于人民群众的口头上，文字上保持着通俗的特点；成语多用作书面语，文字上趋向典雅。从这一比较中，可以从主要方面作出界定：俗语是以形象为主体的通俗的口语，它的结构形式相对稳定，而在实际运用中可以灵活变通。 这是俗语的主要内涵，就外延来说，它跟成语难免有交错的情况。俗语虽然以形象为主体，但也不排除精练；成语虽然以精练为特色，但也不排除形象。成语虽然绝大多数是四字结构，但也有一些是由四个以上的字组成的；俗语句式虽然长短不齐，但也有少量是由四个字组成的。俗语虽然多为口语，但已广泛进入文学作品，甚至哲学、科技图书中也经常用到；而随着人们教育水准的提高，成语在口语中也经常使用。这样，俗语跟成语，就可能互相渗透，存在着交错现象。如： ①城门失火，殃及池鱼（形象，八个字，成语→俗语） ②三天打鱼，两天晒网（形象，八个字，成语→俗语） ③雪上加霜（形象，四字，俗语→成语） ④习惯成自然（精练，五字，俗语→成语） ⑤不敢越雷池一步（形象，精练，七字，俗语← →成语） 俗语是口语型的，成语是书面语型的。这些语例，兼有俗语和成语的某些特点，看来俗语辞典、成语辞典都可以收录，好在这种情况并不算多。 俗语和成语，有时候也可能互相转化，并同时存在。例如： ①板凳没焐热← →席不暇暖 ②打老鼠又怕碰破玉瓶儿← →投鼠忌器 ③火烧眉毛顾眼前← →燃眉之急 ④鸡蛋碰石头← →以卵击石 ⑤鸡飞蛋打一场空← →鸡飞蛋打 ⑥拉完磨杀驴← →卸磨杀驴 ⑦鲁班门前弄大斧← →班门弄斧 ⑧没喝过墨水← →胸无点墨 ⑨怕噎了嗓子不吃饭← →因噎废食 ⑩什么病吃什么药← →对症下药 ①①一网打尽满河鱼←→ 一网打尽 俗语语句结构如果趋向整齐，就有可能转化为成语；成语如果增加形象化的成分，就有可能转化为俗语。俗语转化为成语，仍然可以保持它的形象性；成语转化为俗语，如果缺少形象，就要加以补充，往往转化为歇后语。（参见下文歇后语）俗语与成语，二者既有联系，又有区别。俗语有俗语的优点；成语有成语的长处。俗语使得描写生动活泼，成语使得论述铿锵有力，都值得很好学习。 二，谚语和格言 有些图书把俗语、谚语并称为俗谚，把它们汇编在一起。汇编在一起是可以理解的，但二者并不相等。谚语只是俗语的一部分，它是一些总结知识经验，寓有思想意义的俗语。

3. ◆ First class, second class, third class fails; think first, do second, third class succeeds. ◆ Not practicing for a day, your hands and feet are slow; not practicing for two days, you lose half; not practicing for three days, you become an outsider; not practicing for four days, you just stare. ◆ Ten years of practice makes a good scholar, but ten years of practice doesn't make a good farmer. ◆ People practice in the world, and knives are sharpened on stones. ◆ Walking a thousand miles is better than reading ten years of books. ◆ People's hearts are hidden under their bellies, and you can judge people by their actions. ◆ Strength is built by pressure, and courage is built by fear. ◆ Three days without reciting, your mouth gets rusty; three years without doing, your hands get rusty. ◆ Words are not enough, facts are the proof. ◆ The big carp swimming in the lake is not as good as the small crucian carp on the table. ◆ Words are not as good as actions, and hearing is not as good as seeing. ◆ Mountain children are not afraid of wolves, and city children are not afraid of officials. ◆ Words are not enough to satisfy, but a scoop of water can quench your thirst. ◆ The mountain is climbed step by step, and the boat is paddled oar by oar. ◆ A thousand studies are not as good as one look, and a thousand looks are not as good as one practice. ◆ Living on a steep slope for a long time, you won't mind the steepness. ◆ Horses are judged by their teeth, and people are judged by their words and actions. ◆ Without experiencing winter cold, you won't know spring warmth. ◆ Without carrying a load, you won't know how heavy it is; without walking a long road, you won't know how far it is. ◆ Not sleeping in a quilt, you won't know how wide it is. ◆ Not getting into the water, you will never learn to swim; not raising the sail, you will never learn to sail a boat. ◆ Not managing the household, you won't know how valuable salt and rice are; not having children, you won't know how kind parents are. ◆ Not touching the bottom of the pot, your hands won't get black; not picking up the oil bottle, your hands won't get greasy. ◆ When the water recedes, the stones appear; after a long time, people's true nature will be seen. ◆ Forging requires the blacksmith to use tongs, and farming requires the farmer to go to the field. ◆ Ask the woodcutter for firewood, and ask the boatman for sailing. ◆ Better to have done than to have missed. ◆ The first time you get fooled, you learn; the second time, you become wise. ◆ Water returns to its source, and mud accumulates; after one incident, you gain one bit of wisdom. ◆ What you hear is false, and what you see is true. ◆ An old horse knows the way, and an old person knows the world. ◆ Old people don't tell stories, and the young will lose their way. ◆ Old beef has a bite, and old people's words are worth listening to. ◆ Old ginger is spicy, and old people have a lot of experience. ◆ Seeing is better than hearing, and doing is better than seeing. ◆ One lesson learned, one lesson learned. ◆ Managing the household, you know how valuable salt and rice are; going out, you know how difficult it is to travel. ◆ Talking without practicing is a false display; practicing without talking is a true display; speaking and practicing are both displays. ◆ More sawing makes a faster saw, and more doing makes you wiser. ◆ Trees get more roots as they get older, and people get more knowledge as they get older. ◆ Chopping wood on the mountain, catching birds on the tree. ◆ Chopping wood at the small head, asking the old man for directions. ◆ The sand pot won't leak without being pounded, and the wood won't be smooth without being carved. ◆ Grass can't cover the eagle's eyes, and water can't cover the fish's eyes. ◆ Herbs are seen by the herbalist, and animals are seen by the hunter. ◆ A snake is cold all over, and a wolf is smelly all over. ◆ Not all fragrant flowers are beautiful, and not everyone who can talk can do. ◆ After experiencing a setback, you gain more insight. ◆ The more you experience, the more you know. ◆ To know the affairs of the mountains, ask the old farmers in the countryside. ◆ To know the kindness of parents, hold your grandchildren in your arms. ... The origin of the saying "A spider hanging its web, a long rain will definitely clear up" According to observation, in many places in our country, such as when a spider spreads its web, rainy weather will turn sunny. When the spider withdraws its web, the weather will turn cloudy. Spiders can predict the weather mainly because they are very sensitive to changes in air humidity. There are many small silk spitters at the end of the spider's tail, which are both sticky and cool. When rainy weather approaches, due to the high humidity in the air and the large amount of water vapor, the water vapor is prone to condense into small droplets on the silk spitters of the spider. This makes it difficult for the spider to spin silk, so it stops spinning and withdraws its web. Conversely, when the humidity in the air decreases and the weather turns good, the spider can spin silk smoothly and spread its web to catch insects. According to research, the legs of spiders can perceive sounds of 20-50 hertz. When the weather turns sunny, insects are active and the buzzing sound they make when flying is quickly detected by the spider, so the spider will add silk to weave a web and prepare to catch them. This is the reason why the folk saying "A spider hanging its web, a long rain will definitely clear up" is used to observe the weather. The origin of the saying "Eat ginger in the morning and radish in the evening, the doctor will cry" From: Chang Zheng No. 1 (Suzhou) One year, Empress Dowager Cixi suddenly fell seriously ill, with a headache, a heartache, and a bellyache, and her condition was critical. The officials in the palace were in a panic. There were many famous doctors in Beijing City, but they all had no idea how to treat the Empress Dowager's illness. Was it because they were incompetent? No, it was because the responsibility was too great, and they were at a loss when it came to medication. Light medication was not effective, and heavy medication was afraid of making a mistake, which was not bearable. So, the condition of the Empress Dowager Cixi worsened day by day, and it seemed that she was about to die. The newly appointed top scholar was from Suzhou, and he wrote a memorial, saying that there was a famous doctor in Suzhou named Cao Cangzhou, known as "the second Sima Qian", who had the skill of reviving the dead. Perhaps the Empress Dowager's illness could be cured if he were invited to come. Cao Cangzhou looked like a countryman, and he was not fond of talking, and he walked slowly. On this day, he received the imperial edict, and his face turned pale, and he cried loudly with his whole family. He believed that if the Empress Dowager's illness was not at the point of no return, she would not have come to Suzhou from the capital to invite him. If he couldn't cure the Empress Dowager, the doctor would have to be buried with her, and his life would be over. However, the imperial edict could not be disobeyed, so Cao Cangzhou had to set out reluctantly. As soon as he arrived in Beijing, he claimed that he had caught a cold on the road and lay in bed. In fact, he was pretending to be sick to find out the root cause of the Empress Dowager's illness. The first thing was to find out what medicine she had taken? He was shocked to find out that she had taken many kinds of medicine every day, not to mention the daily delicacies, but just for the ginseng alone, she wanted to bathe in ginseng soup every day. There were also bird's nest and silver ear, which were even eaten as food. Cao Cangzhou thought of it, and he remembered that there was a record in the medical books: "Overeating is bound to block the middle burner, and the risk is imminent." After finding the root cause, he became bolder and went to treat the Empress Dowager. Cao Cangzhou did not use any good medicine, but only prescribed a grass medicine, and only wrote five big characters: "Three qian of radish seeds." The doctors present were startled and their tongues were sticking out. They thought that this country doctor had come to Beijing to die. They all understood the properties of medicine, and radish seeds were used to expel oil, and the Empress Dowager always wanted to nourish her body, so this medicine clearly did not conform to the Empress Dowager's taste. However, Cao Cangzhou personally prepared the medicine, personally cooked the medicine, and personally delivered the medicine to the Empress Dowager's bedroom, waiting for her to drink it before going back to rest. The Empress Dowager drank the medicine soup made of three qian of radish seeds, and passed stool smoothly that night, and got up early the next morning. The first thing she did was to thank the famous doctor Cao Cangzhou, and she bestowed upon him the rank of a ninth-level official, and wanted him to ride a horse around the capital. Cao Cangzhou received the imperial favor, and when he went back home, the local officials had already built a three-eaved house for him. From then on, he dedicated himself to treating the local people, not only giving free medical consultations but also giving away medicine. He advised everyone to eat more radishes, and after a while, Suzhou had the saying "Eat ginger in the morning and radish in the evening, the doctor will cry". In addition, the saying is a concise language that describes the long-term accumulated experience of people in production and life, which is its origin. Proverbs, also known as common sayings and colloquial sayings, are synonyms. The word "proverb" has been commonly used as a term in linguistics; the word "common saying" has the color of classical Chinese, and the word "colloquial saying" has the breath of spoken language. In some articles, proverbs are also sometimes called idioms. Proverbs and idioms are both conventional language forms in Chinese, and they are closely related. The idiom "conventionally formed" contains the words "convention" and "formed". However, from the perspective of learning, they still have their own characteristics. Let's compare the following examples: A. Big fish eat small fish, small fish eat shrimps B. The strong prey on the weak A. The old crooked tree can't stand up B. Hard to change old habits A. The horn of the cow grows later than its ears B. Those who come late will succeed A. Pick up sesame seeds and throw away watermelons B. Lose the small to gain the big A. You go your own way; I'll cross my own bridge B. Go your own way A. The front is afraid of the wolf, the back is afraid of the tiger B. Fearful and timid A. Break the pot to ask for water B. Get to the root of the matter A. The cow looks at the mung bean and falls in love B. Love at first sight The above groups of sentences, A and B have the same meaning, A is a proverb, and B is an idiom. Proverbs are based on imagery; idioms are characterized by conciseness. Proverbs are mostly complete sentences, with varying lengths, and can be flexible when used. Idioms are mostly four-character stable structures, with a neat form. Proverbs are popular among the people and maintain the characteristics of vulgarity in writing; idioms are mostly used in written language, with a tendency towards elegance. From this comparison, we can make a definition from the main aspects: proverbs are通俗的口语，mainly based on imagery, and its structure is relatively stable, but it can be flexible in actual use. This is the main connotation of proverbs. In terms of extension, it is inevitable that there will be some overlap with idioms. Although proverbs are mainly based on imagery, they do not exclude conciseness; although idioms are characterized by conciseness, they do not exclude imagery. Although the vast majority of idioms are four-character structures, there are also some that are composed of more than four characters; although the sentences of proverbs are of uneven length, there are also a few that are composed of four characters. Although proverbs are mostly spoken language, they have been widely used in literary works, even in philosophical and scientific books. With the improvement of people's educational level, idioms are also frequently used in spoken language. Therefore, proverbs and idioms may permeate each other and exist simultaneously. For example: ①The city gate catches fire, and the fish in the pool are affected (imagery, eight characters, idiom→proverb) ②Fishing for three days, drying the net for two days (imagery, eight characters, idiom→proverb) ③Adding salt to injury (imagery, four characters, proverb→idiom) ④Habits are second nature (conciseness, five characters, proverb→idiom) ⑤Do not step over the forbidden line (imagery, conciseness, seven characters, proverb←→idiom) Proverbs are of the spoken language type, and idioms are of the written language type. These examples have certain characteristics of both proverbs and idioms, and it seems that both the dictionary of proverbs and the dictionary of idioms can be included. Fortunately, this situation is not common. Proverbs and idioms may also change into each other and coexist at the same time. For example: ①The stool is not warm enough, the blanket is not warm enough (←→Not warm enough) ②Killing the mouse while fearing the jar (←→Daring to kill a mouse) ③Ignoring the immediate situation while worrying about the future (←→Urgent) ④Hitting the wall with an egg (←→Hitting the wall with an egg) ⑤A chicken flying and an egg breaking in vain (←→A chicken flying and an egg breaking in vain) ⑥Slaughtering the donkey after finishing the mill work (←→Slaughtering the donkey after finishing the mill work) ⑦Tapping the big axe in front of Lu Ban's door (←→Tapping the big axe in front of Lu Ban's door) ⑧Not having read any ink (←→Not having read any ink) ⑨Not eating because of a sore throat (←→Not eating because of a sore throat) ⑩Eating whatever medicine is available (←→Prescription) ①①Catch all the fish in the river with one net (←→Catch all the fish in the net) If the sentence structure of a proverb tends to be neat, it may change into an idiom; if an idiom adds more imagery, it may change into a proverb. When a proverb changes into an idiom, it can still maintain its imagery; when an idiom changes into a proverb, if it lacks imagery, it needs to be supplemented, and it is often transformed into a set phrase. (See the following section on set phrases) Proverbs and idioms both have their own advantages and disadvantages. Proverbs make descriptions vivid and lively, and idioms make arguments forceful, both of which are worth learning well. II. Proverbs and Maxims Some books combine proverbs and sayings and call them popular sayings, compiling them together. It is understandable to compile them together, but they are not equal. Proverbs are only a part of sayings, and they are sayings that summarize knowledge and experience and contain ideological significance.

4. 尺之木必有节，寸之玉必有瑕疵。

4. A board four inches long must have a knot, and a jade of one inch must have flaws.

5. 金无足赤，人无完人。

5. Gold is not pure, and no one is perfect.

6. 铁罐莫说粘灰，鲫鱼莫说驼背。

6. Do not mention the sticky clay for the iron pot, and do not mention the humpback for the crucian carp.

7. 农村的俗语，通常形象而生动，给人一目了然的警示，却又发人深省。所以有时候我们不要小看农民的智慧，他们总结出来的道理通常是结合生活教训和日常经验，值得我们好好琢磨和反思。

7. Rural proverbs are usually vivid and vivid, giving people a clear warning at a glance, yet they are also thought-provoking. Therefore, sometimes we should not underestimate the wisdom of the farmers. The truths they summarize are usually combined with life lessons and daily experiences, which are worthy of our careful contemplation and reflection.

8. 瑕不掩瑜，瑜不掩瑕。

8. Flaws do not hide merits, and merits do not hide flaws.

9. 瓜无滚圆，人无十全。

9. Melons may not be perfectly round, and people can never be completely perfect.

10. 人不知己过，牛不知力大。

10. People do not know their own faults, and cows do not know their own strength.

11. 在农村长大的我们，听老人家说了很多的俗语，比如四不借、男不办三等等。这些俗语听起来简单易懂，大多还蕴含十分丰富的道理，算得上是古代农村劳动人民的智慧结晶，也是我们现有非常珍贵的文化财富。宁做蚂蚁腿，不学麻雀嘴这句话小时候也常听老人们讲起过，通常都是用来告诫年轻人用的。那么它要告诉我们什么道理呢？无非就是勤劳致富和少说多做的区别，为什么这么说呢，一起来看看。

11. Having grown up in the countryside, we have heard many proverbs from the elders, such as "four things not to lend," "men not to do three things," and so on. These proverbs sound simple and easy to understand, and most of them contain very rich meanings, which can be considered as the crystallization of the wisdom of the rural laboring people in ancient times, and also a very precious cultural heritage we currently possess. The saying "Better to be an ant's leg than a sparrow's mouth" was also often mentioned by the elders when I was young, usually used as a caution to the young. So, what moral lesson does it want to convey? It is about the difference between hard work leading to wealth and talking less and doing more. Why do I say that? Let's take a look together.

12. 牛不知角弯，马不知脸长。

12. The ox doesn't know the curve of its horns, and the horse doesn't know the length of its face.

13. 我们在日常生活中，经常可以看见蚂蚁。但是试问一下，有人看过静止着的蚂蚁吗？我们看到的蚂蚁，大多都是在忙碌着，奔波在路上，忙着寻找食物，忙着搬运食物，忙着搬运泥土。而且我们看到的蚂蚁，几乎都是成群结队，集体劳碌。据科学数据表示，蚂蚁一天24小时只有4个消息是在休息，其他时间都在路上。所以蚂蚁是非常勤劳的动物，是脚踏实地获取丰衣足食生活的表现。老人们告诫年轻人，拧做蚂蚁腿，意思就是要学习蚂蚁这种勤劳努力的精神，创造属于自己的幸福生活。

13. In our daily lives, we often see ants. But ask yourself, has anyone ever seen an ant at rest? Most of the ants we see are busy, running around, searching for food, carrying food, and moving soil. Moreover, almost all the ants we see are in groups, working collectively. According to scientific data, ants only rest for 4 hours out of the 24-hour day, and the rest of the time they are on the move. Therefore, ants are very hardworking animals, embodying the spirit of hard work and the pursuit of a well-to-do life. The elderly advise the young to "be as diligent as an ant's leg," meaning to learn from the ants' spirit of diligence and effort to create their own happy life.

14. 秃子不要笑和尚，脱了帽儿一个样。

14. Don't laugh at the bald man for taking off his hat; he looks the same.

15. 麻雀是一种鸟类，我们经常看到它们是在高高的枝头上或者屋檐上，叽叽喳喳叫个不停。所以我们经常用麻雀来形容那些安静不下来的人，但是仅限于用嘴。麻雀嘴就是比喻那些人，天天卖弄着嘴里的话语，说个不停，闹个不休。而且更多地用来比喻那些只说不做，好说大话的人们，有时候还用来形容那些喜欢在别人背后说三道四的人。不学麻雀嘴就是用来告诫年轻人，我们要少动口多动手，不要凭着嘴上的本事说得天花乱坠，而实际没有任何行动，一无所成。

15. Sparrows are a type of bird, and we often see them chirping away on high branches or eaves. Therefore, we often use the image of sparrows to describe people who cannot stay still, but this is limited to using their mouths. The "sparrow's mouth" is a metaphor for those who constantly display their eloquence, talking non-stop and causing a ruckus. It is also more commonly used to refer to those who talk a lot but do nothing, those who are good at grandiloquence, and sometimes even to describe those who like to gossip about others behind their backs. "Do not be like a sparrow's mouth" is a warning to the young to be less talkative and more action-oriented, not to rely on their words alone to speak eloquently, without any actual action or achievement.

16. 黄金无足赤，白璧有微瑕。

16. Gold is not all yellow, and white jade has minor flaws.

17. 自丑不觉，人丑笑煞。

17. One doesn't realize one's own ugliness, but others laugh at it to their heart's content.