1. 3谢诗的构思与结构比较单一，其山水诗往往是先叙事，次写景，最后说理，形成了模式化的构思与结构。因为注重山水景物的客观描摹刻划，主体精神和情感的透入不够，所以大多诗篇达不到陶诗的情景交融、天然浑成的艺术境界。

1. The conception and structure of the poems by Xie Shi are relatively simple, and their landscape poems often follow a pattern of narration first, followed by description of the scenery, and finally reasoning, forming a stereotyped conception and structure. Due to the emphasis on the objective depiction and carving of landscape elements, the infusion of the poet's subjectivity and emotions is insufficient, thus most of these poems fail to reach the artistic level of emotional fusion and natural unity found in Tao Shi's works.

2. 谢诗讲究语言技巧，对于提高描摹客观物象的能力，发挥语言的表现力是一种贡献，但是过分地雕琢与追求新奇也使谢诗有生硬晦涩的瑕疵。 [作品讲读]

2. Xie Shi (Xie Po) emphasizes linguistic techniques, which is a contribution to improving the ability to depict objective objects and to unleash the expressive power of language. However, excessive refinement and the pursuit of novelty also result in Xie Shi having the flaws of being rigid and obscure. [Lecture on Works]

3. 冬天虽然没有春天那么生机勃勃；没有夏天那么炎热；没有秋天那么凉爽，但它有着自己的风格，自己的美丽。但是我任然爱着这美丽的冬天。

3. Although winter does not have the vibrancy of spring, is not as hot as summer, and is not as cool as autumn, it has its own style and its own beauty. But I still love this beautiful winter.

4. 秋后的后半夜。月亮下去了，太阳还没有出，只剩下一片乌蓝的天；除了夜游的东西，什么都睡着。

4. The latter half of the night after autumn. The moon has set, and the sun has not yet risen, leaving only a dark blue sky; everything but the night creatures is asleep.

5. 柔情的阳光托起了溢彩流金的生命之旅，远天白云下一位清纯少女在故乡河畔清洗着衣物，粼粼的波光倒映出她青春的健美，醉人的夕阳写满了她媚人的笑颜。

5. The tender sunshine lifted the journey of life that sparkled with gold and brilliance. Under the distant clouds in the sky, a pure and innocent girl was washing her clothes by the river in her hometown. The sparkling ripples reflected her youthful beauty, and the intoxicating sunset was filled with her charming smile.

6. 山中的气息与傍晚的景色十分好，有飞鸟，结着伴儿归来。

6. The atmosphere in the mountains is particularly pleasant, and the evening scenery is stunning. There are flying birds, returning in pairs.

7. 一会儿翅膀碰着波浪，一会儿箭一般地直冲向乌云，它叫喊着，就在这鸟儿勇敢的叫喊声里，乌云听出了欢乐。

7. Sometimes its wings brush against the waves, and sometimes it soars straight towards the dark clouds like an arrow. It shouts, and in the brave shout of this bird, the clouds hear joy.

8. 一水护田将绿绕，两山排闼送青来——宋王安石《书湖阴先生壁》 明月松间照，清泉石上流--王维 天门中断楚江开，碧水东流至此回--李白《望天门山》 山映斜阳天接水，芳草无情，更在斜阳外。

8. A river guards the fields, surrounding them with greenery; two mountains open their gates to send in the blue. — Wang Anshi, "Writing on the Wall of Hu Yin's Studio" The bright moon shines among the pines, clear springs flow over the stones — Wang Wei The Qianmen Mountain interrupts the Chu River, its emerald waters flowing eastward and turning back here — Li Bai, "Gazing at the Qianmen Mountain" The mountains reflect the slanting sun, touching the water; the fragrant grass is indifferent, extending beyond the slanting sun.

9. 十月仲秋，流金灿烂，目光尽处揽尽所有的丰盈润泽，心间铺满浅浅的温柔，不易察觉的笑在嘴角氲散，薄凉的心顿感一份贴心与安暖。

9. In the middle of October, during the Mid-Autumn Festival, the golden light is resplendent. At the end of my sight, I embrace all the richness and moisture. A gentle warmth spreads in my heart, an unobtrusive smile subtly diffusing at the corners of my mouth, making my cool heart feel a sense of warmth and comfort.

10. 正是江南好风景，落花时节又逢君。——杜甫《江南逢李龟年》

10. It is truly the beautiful scenery of the South of the Yangtze River, when the fallen flowers season meets you again. — Du Fu, "Encountering Li Gui Nian in the South of the Yangtze River"

11. ---苏轼《饮湖上初晴后雨》 水是眼波横，山是眉峰聚”--王观《卜算子》。

11. --- Su Shi's "Drinking Wine on the Lake After the Rain and Sun" -- "Water is the rolling waves of the eyes, mountains are the gathered eyebrows" -- Wang Guan's "Bùsuànzi".

12. 外婆家最特别的就是那一片田野。田野里有许多蔬菜，蔬菜长得很多很茂盛。大白菜在空中摇曳着，甩动着它的身子；玉米在风中舞蹈，叶子就是它的裙子；麦子在风中摆动，好像在向朋友们招手；青菜穿上了绿色的外衣，在甩着头。到了秋天，丰收了，所有的植物又开始繁衍后代了。

12. The most special thing about Grandma's house is that vast field. The field is full of vegetables, growing in abundance and lushness. The cabbage sways in the air, flapping its body; the corn dances in the wind, with its leaves as its skirt; the wheat waves in the wind, as if waving to its friends; the green vegetables are dressed in green robes, tossing their heads. When autumn comes, there is a harvest, and all the plants begin to reproduce their offspring again.

13. 西江月 辛弃疾

13. Xijiang Yue, Xin Qiji Note: "西江月" is a traditional Chinese literary form, and "辛弃疾" is the name of a famous poet from the Southern Song Dynasty. The title translates to "The Moon over the Western River," and it is the name of a poem by Xin Qiji. The translation provided is simply the title in English. If you need the actual content of the poem translated, please provide the poem text.

14. 峨嵋山月半轮秋，影入平羌江水流。夜发清溪向三峡，思君不见下渝州。--《峨嵋山月歌》 李白

14. Half a moon over Emei Mountain in autumn, its shadow flowing in the calm Qiangjiang River. At night, setting sail from Qingxi towards the Three Gorges, I miss you and descend to Yuzhou. -- "Song of the Moon over Emei Mountain" by Li Bai

15. 在等流星的过程中，我也看到了天上有许多的小星星在向我眨着眼睛，密密麻麻的又亮，又美。在我观赏着这美丽的星空时，不经意间，我看到了传说中的‘北斗七星’果然，由七颗闪人的亮星有序地排成了一个勺子，逼真极了。

15. While waiting for the shooting stars, I also saw many small stars in the sky winking at me, densely packed, bright, and beautiful. As I admired the beautiful starry sky, by chance, I saw the legendary 'Big Dipper' indeed, it was composed of seven dazzlingly bright stars arranged in an orderly spoon shape, incredibly realistic.

16. 山风吹动晨雾，像一条条白缎，轻轻地，慢慢地，把错落有致的村寨，缠绕上一层薄薄的柔纱。一幢幢别致、风情独特的竹楼，被寨边大榕树、芒果园、椰子林隐掩，满眼望去，这里的一切都染成了翠绿。

16. The mountain breeze stirs the morning mist, which, like strips of white silk, gently and slowly wraps a thin, soft gauze over the scattered and well-arranged villages. One by one, the quaint and distinctive bamboo houses are hidden by the large banyan trees, mango orchards, and coconut groves at the edge of the village. Looking around, everything here is dyed a lush green.

17. 寸寸山河寸寸金，瓜离分裂力谁任。——黄遵宪《题梁任父同年》

17. Every inch of land and river is as precious as gold, but who will bear the burden of the division and separation? — Huang Zunxian, "Title: Li Renfu, the Same Year"

18. “触景生情”又称“由景及情”、“情因景生”，是先有景后有情。“景乃诗之媒”（谢榛语），人物一开始心情比较平静，由于受到外界景物的刺激，激起感情，所以称为“触景生情”。

18. "Touching scenes to evoke emotions," also known as "starting emotions from scenes" or "emotions arise from scenes," means that scenes come first before emotions. As the saying goes, "Scenes are the medium of poetry" (from Xie Zhen's words). Initially, the characters have a relatively calm mood. Due to the stimulation from external scenes, their emotions are aroused, hence the name "touching scenes to evoke emotions."

19. 乱点碎红山杏发， 平铺新绿水苹生

19. Frantically picking red peach blossoms in pieces, evenly spreading green water and new lotus sprouts.

20. 四句写的就是这一心理活动："旧时茅店社林边，路转溪桥忽见。"因为作者平时经常往来于黄沙道中，明叨知道树林旁边有一茅草小店，但此时因为是在夜里，再加上心慌，却忽然不见了。可是，过了小溪上的石桥，再据个弯儿，那座旧时相识的茅店便突然出现在眼前，这该叫人多么高兴阿！

20. The following four lines describe this psychological activity: "In the old days, by the forest near the thatched inn, the path turned at the stream bridge and it appeared all of a sudden." Because the author often traveled along the Huangsha Road, he knew there was a thatched small inn beside the forest, but at this moment, due to the night and his anxiety, it suddenly disappeared. However, after crossing the stone bridge over the stream and taking a turn, that familiar thatched inn from the past suddenly appeared in sight, which must have brought great joy to the person!

21. 云霞升起来了，从那重重的绿叶的斡隙中透过点点金色的彩霞，林子中映出，缕一缕的透明的淡紫色的浅黄色的薄光。

21. The clouds and the mist rise up, and through the gaps between the dense green leaves, tiny golden splashes of colorful clouds filter through, casting a delicate, translucent pale purple and pale yellow light on the forest, creating a scene of thin, shimmering beams.

22. （李白《黄鹤楼送孟浩然之广陵》）；“荆吴相接水为乡，君去春江正渺茫。日暮征帆何处泊？天涯一望断人肠。”

22. (Li Bai's "Saying Farewell to Meng Haoran at the Yellow Crane Tower"); "The water joins the border of Jing and Wu, your journey in the spring river is vast and dim. Where will the setting sun's sails moor? A distant gaze breaks one's heart."

23. （《石林诗话》）元好问赞叹说：“池塘春草谢家春，万古千秋五字新。”（《论诗绝句三十首》） （

23. (Shi Lin Shi Hua) Yuan Haowen praised, "The spring grass in the pond is as beautiful as Xie Jia's spring, the five characters are fresh for ten thousand years and ten thousand dynasties." (Lun Shi Jue Shi San Shou)

24. 移情于景即用拟人的手法，赋予景物以人的感情，让它为人事而动情，从而使作者所要表达的感情更浓烈。如李白的《劳劳亭》一诗：“天下伤心处，劳劳送客亭。

24. Empathy with the landscape, using anthropomorphic techniques, endows scenery with human emotions, allowing it to be moved by human affairs, thereby making the author's intended emotions more intense. For example, in Li Bai's poem "The Lao Lao Pavilion": "The place most heart-wrenching under heaven, the Lao Lao Pavilion where guests are sent off."

25. 长太息以掩涕兮，哀民生之多艰。——屈原《离骚》

25. I sigh deeply to cover my tears, lamenting the great hardship of the people's lives. — Qu Yuan, "Liu Xiang" (The Lament)

26. “寓情于景”又称“融情入景”、“以景写情”或“借景抒情”。况周颐在《蕙风词话》中说：“盖写景与言情，非二事也。

26. "Yù qíng yú jǐng," also known as "róng qíng rù jǐng," "yǐ jǐng xiě qíng," or "jiè jǐng qíng shū." Kàng Zhōu Yí said in "Huì Fēng Cí Huà": "Writing scenery and expressing emotion are not two separate matters."

27. 情必极貌以写物，辞必穷力而追新。”（《文心雕龙·明诗》）正概括了谢诗的语言特点。

27. "One must exhaust all descriptive means to portray things, and must strive to the utmost to seek the new in language." (From "Wenxin Diaolong: The Mind of the Literati" - Chapter on Poetry) This passage precisely summarizes the linguistic characteristics of Xie's poetry.

28. 医得眼前疮，剜却心头肉。——聂夷中《咏田家》

28. Treat the wound in front of your eyes, but cut out the flesh in your heart. — Nie Yizhong, "Praise of the Peasant"

29. 谢灵运山水诗的艺术成就 1谢诗善于细致入微地描摹山水景物，营造清新自然、生动鲜明的画境。鲍照评论说：“谢五言如初发芙蓉，自然可爱。”

29. The Artistic Achievements of Xie Lingyun's Landscape Poems 1. Xie Lingyun's poems excel at meticulously depicting landscape scenes, creating a fresh, natural, and vividly expressive artistic atmosphere. Bao Zhao commented: "Xie's five-character poems are like newly-opened lotus flowers, naturally lovely."

30. 本篇是作者闲居上饶带湖时期的名作。它通过自己夜行黄沙道中的具体感受，描绘出农村夏夜的幽美景色，形象生动逼真，感受亲切细腻，笔触轻快活泼，使人有身历其境的真实感，这首词反映了辛词风格的多样性。

30. This piece is a renowned work by the author during his leisure time at Daihu in Shangrao. Through his own specific experiences of walking along the Yellow Sand Road at night, it vividly portrays the tranquil and beautiful rural scenery of summer nights, with vivid and lifelike imagery, intimate and delicate feelings, a light and lively writing style, and a sense of being there in reality. This poem reflects the diversity of the style of Xin's poetry.

31. 七八个星天外，两三点雨山前。旧时茅店社林边，路转溪桥忽见。

31. Above the sky, with seven or eight stars; in front of the mountain, two or three raindrops. In the old days, the thatched inn stood by the community forest, and suddenly appeared when the path turned at the stream bridge.

32. 外面是一片枯黄得发着亮的野草，野草给露珠浸泡湿了，我踩在染黄的露水上，一束斜阳照在旁边，在我身体以外的地面上。

32. Outside, there is a patch of withered grass that shines with a yellowish luster. The grass is soaked with dew, and I step on the yellowish dew that has stained it. A slanting ray of sunlight falls on the ground beside me, outside of my own body.

33. 开时间的牵绊，邀阳光作伴，约清风同行，收拾起行囊，我们去亲近草原吧，去亲近辽阔无边的草原。

33. Free ourselves from the constraints of time, invite the sunshine to accompany us, and invite the cool breeze to join us. Gather our luggage, let's go to embrace the grasslands, to embrace the vast and boundless grasslands.

34. 第一节 谢灵运和山水诗的兴起

34. Chapter 1: The Rise of Xie Lingyun and Landscape Poetry

35. 秋天，叶子一片片落下，带着一丝丝的遗憾，投向大地母亲的怀抱。她们跳跃着，旋转着，轻舞飞扬着，翩然落下。

35. In autumn, the leaves fall one by one, carrying a trace of regret, into the embrace of Mother Earth. They jump, spin, and dance lightly in the air, gracefully descending.

36. --《峨嵋山月歌》 李白 水何澹澹，山岛竦峙。--曹操《观沧海》 一水护田将绿绕，两山排闼送青来--王安石《书湖阴先生壁》 水光潋滟晴方好，山色空蒙雨亦奇。

36. -- "Song of the Moon Over Emei Mountain" by Li Bai: The water is calm and vast, the mountains and islands towering. -- "Observing the Sea" by Cao Cao: A river guards the fields, wrapping them in green; two mountains push open the gate, bringing in the blue. -- "Writing on the Wall of Lake Yin Master" by Wang Anshi: The water shines brilliantly in the sunshine, and the mountains are mysterious and beautiful in the rain.

37. 一水护田将绿绕，两山排闼送青来--王安石《书湖阴先生壁》

37. A river guards the fields, encircling them with greenery; two mountains open their gates to send greenery to come -- Wang Anshi, "Writing on the Wall of Lake Yin Master"

38. 淮水东边旧时月，夜深还过女墙来。”这首诗句句写景，然而无一景不融合着诗人故国萧条、人生凄凉的深沉感伤，是典型的借景抒情之作。

38. "The old moon over the Huai River's east, at night deep, still crosses the women's wall." Each line of this poem describes a scene, yet every scene is infused with the poet's profound melancholy over the desolation of his native land and the bitterness of life, making it a typical example of a poem that uses scenes to express emotions.

39. 一个隆起的土堆映入眼帘，前面赫然而立着一通石碑，上面刻着朱红色的几个大字夸父陵。陵上树木成林，蓊蓊郁郁，苍翠一片，在庄重、肃穆之中还透着几分神秘，那树林的绿浓浓的，似乎要流淌出来了。

39. A swelling earthen mound came into view, in front of which stood an imposing stone tablet inscribed with several large, vermilion characters reading "The Mausoleum of Kuafu." Trees on the mound formed a dense forest, lush and verdant, exuding a sense of mystery amidst their solemnity. The greenery of the forest seemed so thick and vibrant that it seemed to be flowing out.

40. 诗人登上高处，映入眼帘的是一派苍凉恢廓的秋景：辽阔的江天，清猿哀鸣，飞鸟栖止不定，长江滚滚，落木萧萧（前两联内容），这种苍凉的景色触动了他长年飘泊、老病孤愁的感情，于是艰难潦倒之苦、国难家愁俱涌心头（后两联内容）。触景生情的例子很多：“平林漠漠烟如织，寒山一带伤心碧。

40. The poet ascends to a high place and is greeted by a desolate and vast autumn landscape: a vast expanse of river and sky, the sorrowful cries of monkeys, birds in constant flight, the mighty Yangtze River surging, and the fallen leaves rustling (the content of the first two couplets). This desolate scenery touches his feelings of long-term wandering, old age, illness, and loneliness, and thus, the bitterness of hardship, and national and familial worries all surge to his heart (the content of the last two couplets). There are many examples of being moved by a scene: "The level forest is smoky, like woven with threads, the cold mountains stretch along in a heart-wrenching blue."

41. 红袖织绫夸柿蒂， 青旗沽酒趁梨花

41. Red sleeves weave brocade, green banners sell wine as the pear blossoms bloom.

42. 山映斜阳天接水，芳草无情，更在斜阳外。--范仲淹

42. The mountain reflects the slanting sun, and the sky meets the water; the fragrant grass has no feelings, extending beyond the slanting sun. -- Fan Zhongyan

43. 秋风，用尽所有的能量，掠过寸寸心田幽幽草地，亲吻着眼角眉梢，抚过单薄的身体。

43. The autumn wind, having exhausted all its energy, sweeps over the delicate meadows of the heart, kissing the corners of the eyes and brows, and caresses the slender body.

44. 必须融情入景，由景见情。”（《旧时月色斋词谭》）寓情于景，能使诗歌收到含蓄蕴藉，耐人寻味之功效。

44. It is essential to blend emotions with the scenery, and to see emotions through the scenery." ("Reflections on Old-Time Moonlight Studio") Imbuing scenery with emotions can make poetry achieve the effects of implicitness and depth, which are thought-provoking.

45. 走进大海，看，那一望无际的天空和一朵朵的浪花，是多么美的风景啊！还有金黄色沙滩上的贝壳是多么美的图案啊！在大海边，海风会吹掉你的一切烦恼，让你来到一个全新的世界，那里没有悲伤、痛苦，只有快乐。

45. Stepping into the sea, look, that boundless sky and the countless waves, what a beautiful scenery it is! And the shells on the golden beach are such a beautiful pattern! By the seaside, the sea breeze will blow away all your troubles, leading you to a brand new world where there is no sadness, pain, only joy.

46. 天边，一片残阳如血，张扬，妖娆，美到极致，亦美到心痛，用执意的目光，看它一点点下坠，转淡，最终被暮色吞没。

46. On the horizon, a blood-red sunset so vibrant and enchanting, reaching its peak of beauty, yet so beautiful that it causes pain. With an unwavering gaze, I watched it slowly descend, fade, and finally be engulfed by the twilight.

47. ---苏轼《饮湖上初晴后雨》 水是眼波横，山是眉峰聚”--王观《卜算子。

47. --- Su Shi's "Drinking Wine on the Lake After the Rain and Sun" -- "Water is the eye waves horizontally, mountains are the eyebrows gathered" -- Wang Guan's "Bu Suan Zi."

48. 溪里的石头很多，方的、圆的、青的、白的，横七竖八。在众多的大石间，间或有些小潭，清澈见底；看上去甚有空明之感，太阳一照，又莹光闪闪。溪水在上面的石头上还是白花花的，到了潭里就变得浓绿了，似一块晶莹的碧玉。

48. There are many stones in the brook, square, round, green, and white, scattered in all directions. Among the numerous large stones, there are occasionally some small ponds, clear to the bottom; they look very ethereal. When the sun shines on them, they sparkle with luster. The stream water remains white on the stones above, but turns deep green in the ponds, resembling a sparkling green jade.

49. 一季清秋，素心安然，低温的季节，请允许拾起时光的碎片，披一袭梦的衣裳，浅笑嫣然，情深款款，走向下一个路口，盼一世凝眸。

49. In the season of clear autumn, with a serene heart, in the cold season, please allow me to pick up the fragments of time, wear a cloak of dreams, smile faintly, deeply affectionate, walk towards the next crossroad, hoping for a lifetime of fixated gazes.

50. 只在此山中，云深不知处。——贾岛《寻隐者不遇》

50. The clouds are so deep in this mountain, I don't know where they end. — Jia Dao, "In Search of the Hermit Who Was Not Found"

51. 刘熙载评它的好处“深入雅致，正在借景言情”。再如刘禹锡的《石头城》：“山围故国周遭在，潮打空城寂寞回。

51. Liu Xizai praised its benefits as "deep and elegant, truly expressing emotions through scenery." For example, from Liu Yuxi's poem "The Stone City": "Surrounded by mountains, the ancient capital lies; the tide beats the empty city, returning in solitude."

52. 树的造型千变万化，世界上没有完全相同的两棵树；树的结构规律大致相同，万变不离其宗。下笔当取势，确定树干的姿态，再据树木结构规律完成。树干前后左右出枝体现空间感，树枝当争当让，或增或减，穿插自然。树木组合遵循统一变化的法则，强调大小对比、前后空间关系的变换，更注重树木之间相互呼应的情意性。2

52. Trees have a myriad of shapes and forms, and no two trees in the world are exactly the same; their structures follow a general规律, yet they change in infinite ways. When drawing, one should grasp the essence of the tree's form, determine the posture of the trunk, and then complete it according to the structural规律 of the tree. The branches emerging from the front, back, left, and right of the trunk reflect a sense of space. The branches should vie with each other and make room, either increasing or decreasing, interweaving naturally. The combination of trees follows the principle of unity in variety, emphasizing the contrast in size and the transformation of spatial relationships between the front and back, and paying more attention to the emotional interaction between the trees. 2

53. 上片写晴，用的是"明月"、"清风"这样惯熟的词语，但是，当它们与"别枝惊鹊"和"半夜鸣蝉"结合在一起之后，便构成了一个声色兼备、动静咸宜的深幽意境，人们甚至忽略了这两句的平仄和对仗的工稳了。"月"和"惊鹊"，"风"和"鸣蝉"并非事物的简单罗列，而是有着内在的联系和因果关系的。

53. The first part describes a sunny scene, using familiar terms like "bright moon" and "fresh breeze." However, when combined with "a startled magpie on a distant branch" and "cicadas chirping at midnight," they create a profound atmosphere that is both auditory and visual, harmonious in both movement and stillness. People even tend to overlook the even tone and antithetical structure of these two lines. "Moon" and "startled magpie," "wind" and "chirping cicadas" are not just simple listings of things, but are interconnected with each other and have a causal relationship.

54. 冬天，户外那粘满霜雪的柳树上尽是树挂，像是一根根银条悬挂在树上，格外壮观。

54. In winter, the willow trees outside, covered in frost and snow, are adorned with icicles, resembling strings of silver hanging from the branches, creating an especially magnificent sight.

55. 归老宁无五亩田，读书本意在元元。——陆游《读书》

55. If I were to retire, would I not need five acres of land? The essence of reading books is to serve the common people. — Lu You, "On Reading"

56. 下片笔锋一转，进人写雨。但写的不是雨中，而是雨前。首句写远望之所见："七八个星天外"，说明乌云四起，透过云隙可以看到稀疏的星光。这境界，与上片的气氛已有很大的不同了。第二句；"两三点雨山前"，写的是骤雨初来，大雨将至的信息。既然，雨滴已经洒向山前，那么紧接着便会洒向山后的。作者的心情转而有些惶急了，于是很自然地引起想快些赶路或寻地避雨的心情。第

56. The brush of the lower section turns a corner and begins to describe the rain, but not in the midst of the rain, but before it. The first sentence describes what is seen from afar: "Seven or eight stars outside the sky," indicating that dark clouds are gathering, and through the gaps in the clouds, sparse starlight can be seen. This scene is already quite different from the atmosphere of the upper section. The second sentence, "Two or three drops of rain before the mountain," depicts the coming of a sudden shower, with the approach of a heavy rain. Since the raindrops have already begun to fall in front of the mountain, it is natural to assume that they will soon follow on the mountain's rear. The author's mood turns somewhat anxious, thus naturally prompting the desire to hurry and find a place to take shelter from the rain.

57. 风回云断雨初晴， 返照湖边暖复明

57. The wind returns and the clouds part, the rain ceases and the sky clears, the reflected sunlight warms and brightens by the lake's edge.

58. 此诗最受人称道的是写景，清新如画，自然天成，典型地体现了谢诗“如初发芙蓉，自然可爱”（《南史·颜延之传》）的风格。

58. What is most praised about this poem is its depiction of scenery, which is fresh and picturesque, natural and spontaneous, and typifies the style of Xie's poetry as "like a newly bloomed lotus, naturally lovely" (as recorded in the "History of the Southern Dynasties · Yan Yanzhi biography").

59. --范仲淹 峨嵋山月半轮秋，影入平羌江水流。夜发清溪向三峡，思君不见下渝州。

59. -- Fan Zhongyan: Half a moon in the autumn on Emei Mountain, its shadow flowing in the Pingqiang River. At night, I set sail from Qingxi towards the Three Gorges, missing you and heading towards Yuzhou.

60. 寄情山水诗句：陶渊明《饮酒》中的”采菊东篱下，悠然见南山“。

60. Sentimental Poem about the Scenery: The line "Picking chrysanthemums under the eastern hedge, I leisurely see the Southern Mountain" from Tao Yuanming's "Drinking Wine".

61. 翻腾着的紫红的朝霞，半掩在白杨树的大路后面，向着苏醒的大地投射出万紫千红的光芒。逐渐，拨开耀眼的云彩，太阳象火球一般出现了，把火一样的红光倾泻到树木上、平原上、海洋上和整个大地上。

61. The surging crimson dawn, half-concealed behind the avenue of poplar trees, casts a myriad of vibrant colors onto the awakening earth. Gradually, the dazzling clouds part, and the sun, like a fiery globe, emerges, pouring a fiery red light over the trees, plains, oceans, and the entire land.

62. 青山看不厌，流水趣何长。——钱起《陪考功王员外城东池亭宴》

62. The green mountains never tire the eyes, and the flowing water holds endless charm. — Qian Qi, "Accompanying the Examining Official Wang Yuanwai at the City East Pool Pavilion Banquet"

63. 谢灵运《登池上楼》 1这首诗作于宋少帝景平元年（

63. Xie Lingyun's "Ascend the Pavilion on the Pool" 1 This poem was written in the first year of Jingping reign of Emperor Shao of the Song Dynasty (

64. 悠然：自得的样子。南山：泛指山峰，一说指庐山。见：（读jiàn），动词

64. Yōu rán: A look of ease and contentment. Nán shān: Generally refers to mountains, some say it refers to Lushan. Jiàn: (Read as jiàn), a verb.

65. 尤其是“池塘生春草，园柳变鸣禽”两句，毫无藻饰雕刻之痕，如“芙蓉出水”，妙在自然天成，而又清新工丽，的确是神来之笔。所以历代倍受赞赏，叶梦得说：“此语之工，正在无所用意，猝然与景相遇，备以成章，不假绳削，故非常情所能。”

65. Particularly the two sentences "The spring grass grows in the pond, the willow trees in the garden change into singing birds," have no trace of ornate or carved embellishments, like lotus flowers emerging from the water, their beauty lies in their naturalness and the skillful elegance. They truly are strokes of divine inspiration. Therefore, they have been highly praised through the ages. Ye Mengde said, "The skill of these words lies in their lack of intentionality; they suddenly encounter the scenery and are ready to form verses, without the need for any artificial trimming, which is why they are beyond the ordinary."

66. 秋末的黄昏来得总是很快，还没等山野上被日光蒸发起的水气清散，太阳就落进了西山。于是，山谷中的岚风带着浓重的凉意，驱赶着白色的雾气，向山下游荡，而山峰的阴影，更快地倒压在村庄上，阴影越来越浓，渐渐和夜色混成一体，但不久，又被月亮烛成银灰色了。

66. The dusk in the late autumn always comes quickly, and before the mist rising from the mountains and fields evaporates under the sunlight, the sun has already set in the west. Then, the misty wind in the valley carries a strong coolness, driving away the white fog, wandering downstream, while the shadows of the mountain peaks fall more quickly over the village, becoming increasingly dense and gradually merging with the night, but soon, they are lit by the moon into a silvery gray.

67. “共剪西窗烛”，具体细腻而又无限传神地描绘出了一幅良宵美景图，一个“共”字极写了亲昵之情态。而“何当”一词却又把诗人描绘的美景推向了远方，推向了虚处。

67. "Jointly trimming the candlelight by the western window" vividly and subtly depicts a beautiful scene of a pleasant night, with the character "共" (together) emphasizing the intimate affection. However, the word "何当" (when) then takes the poet's beautiful scene into the distance, into the realm of the abstract.

68. 远上寒山石径斜，白云深处有人家。——杜牧《山行》

68. The stone path leads steeply upwards on the cold mountain, deep in the clouds there's a household. — Du Mu, "Mountain Travel"

69. 当红日从万山丛中冉冉升起，万道霞光染红天空的时候，那银白色的雪山，好像少女点上胭脂的面颊，显得格外娇艳。那些积雪的山峦，像一群白发苍苍的老人，默默地俯视着他们脚下那一片蓝宝石般的湖泊。

69. As the red sun slowly rises from amidst the myriad mountains, casting a myriad of radiant beams that paint the sky red, the silver-white snow-capped peaks appear as if the cheeks of a maiden adorned with blush, especially vibrant and charming. The snow-covered mountains resemble a group of elderly people with white hair, silently gazing down upon the sapphire-blue lake at their feet.

70. 楚虽三户能亡秦，岂有堂堂中国空无人。——陆游《金错刀行》

70. Even though Chu had only three households, it could bring down the Qin dynasty. How could a mighty China be empty of people? — Lu You, "The Golden Misty Sword"