1. 缸穿裙，大雨淋；盐出水，铁出汗，雨水不少见。

1. When the jar is worn out by the skirt, it rains heavily; when salt is extracted, iron sweats, and it is not uncommon to see rain.

2. 一些水文气象现象，如初霜、终霜、结冰、消融、初雪、终雪等。

2. Some hydro-meteorological phenomena, such as the first frost, the last frost, icing, melting, the first snowfall, and the last snowfall.

3. 飞杨花，种棉花。柳絮扬，种高粱。柳毛开花，种豆点瓜。

3. Fly willow flowers, plant cotton. Spread willow fluff, plant sorghum. When willow bristles bloom, plant beans and melons.

4. 云在南，河水满。

4. In Yunnan, the rivers are full.

5. 黑云起了烟，雹子在当天。

5. Dark clouds brought smoke, and hail fell that very day.

6. 杨树叶拍巴掌，遍地种高粱。杨叶钱大，快种甜瓜。杨叶哗啦。快种西瓜。

6. Willow leaves clap their hands, everywhere planting sorghum. Willow leaves are big, hurry up and plant melons. Willow leaves rustle. Hurry up and plant watermelons.

7. “花木管时令，鸟鸣报农时”。这就是人们所说的物候。

7. "Flowers and trees govern the seasons, and birds' chirping announce the farming time." This is what people refer to as phenology.

8. 一分肥，一分粮；十分肥，粮满仓。

8. The more fertilizer, the more grain; the more abundant the fertilizer, the fuller the granary.

9. 油是粮食盐是劲，庄稼全靠工夫粪。

9. Oil is grain, salt is vigor, crops depend entirely on the work of manure.

10. 柳絮乱攘攘，家家下稻秧。柳芽拧嘴儿，山药入土儿。

10. The willow catkins are in a turmoil, every household sows rice seedlings. The willow buds pout, the yam is planted into the soil.

11. 东闪空，西闪雨，南闪火门开，北闪连夜来。

11. If it flashes in the east, it will be clear; if it flashes in the west, it will rain; if it flashes in the south, the fire gate will open; if it flashes in the north, it will come in the night.

12. 我国东部和西部的物候现象也不同。我国东部沿海地区春季和秋季都比内地来得迟。因为海洋吸收太阳热量多，春季不如陆地升温快，到了秋季，海水的热量散发慢，所以沿海地区的秋季也比内地来得迟。就以山东来说，烟台在沿海，而济南在内陆，每年烟台苹果树开花要比济南晚半个多月，正好花期避开春寒，这是烟台苹果丰收的原因。烟台的秋天也比济南来得迟，苹果有较多的成熟时间，这使烟台苹果更美味可口。

12. The phenological phenomena in eastern and western China are also different. The coastal areas in eastern China experience spring and autumn later than the inland regions. This is because the ocean absorbs more solar heat, which results in slower warming than land in spring. By autumn, the heat released by seawater is slower, so the autumn in coastal areas also arrives later than in the inland. Taking Shandong as an example, Yantai is located on the coast, while Jinan is in the interior. Every year, the apple trees in Yantai bloom about half a month later than those in Jinan, which avoids the spring cold weather, contributing to the abundant harvest of Yantai apples. The autumn in Yantai also arrives later than in Jinan, giving the apples more time to mature, making the Yantai apples even more delicious and enjoyable.

13. 蚕豆一把灰，角角起堆堆。

13. A handful of broad beans, piles of husks on the corners.

14. 合理上粪，粮食满囤。

14. Apply manure reasonably, and the granary will be full of grain.

15. 梨花白，种大豆。

15. Pear blossoms white, plant soybeans.

16. 二十四番花信风不仅反映了花开与时令的自然现象，更重要的是可以利用这种现象来掌握农时、安排农事。

16. The Twenty-Four Periods of Flowering Winds not only reflects the natural phenomenon of flowers blooming according to the seasons, but more importantly, it can be used to master agricultural timing and arrange agricultural activities.

17. 对物候现象的了解和掌握是普及常识的过程，同时又是培养学生观察自然、认识自然的好机会。 一九二九莫伸手，三九四九冰上走

17. Understanding and mastering phenological phenomena is a process of popularizing common knowledge, while also being a good opportunity to cultivate students' observation of nature and recognition of nature. "Don't reach out in the 29th year, walk on the ice in the 39th and 49th year."

18. 二十四节气又可以分为四类，表示寒来暑往变化的立春、春分、立夏、夏至、立秋、秋分、立冬、冬至八个节气；象征温度变化的小暑、大暑、处暑、小寒、大寒五个节气；反映降水量的雨水、谷雨、白露、寒露、霜降、小雪、大雪七个节气；反应物候现象或农事活动的惊蛰、清明、小满、芒种四个节气。

18. The 24 solar terms can be divided into four categories: the eight solar terms that indicate the changes of cold and hot seasons, such as the Start of Spring, the Spring Equinox, the Start of Summer, the Summer Solstice, the Start of Autumn, the Autumn Equinox, the Start of Winter, and the Winter Solstice; the five solar terms that symbolize temperature changes, including the Minor Heat, the Major Heat, the Minor Cold, the Major Cold; the seven solar terms that reflect the amount of precipitation, such as the Rain Water, the Grain Rain, the White Dew, the Cold Dew, the Frost's Descent, the Light Snow, and the Heavy Snow; and the four solar terms that reflect phenomena of insect awakening, the Pure Brightness, the Small Full Moon, and the Grain in Ear, or agricultural activities.

19. 蚯蚓路上爬，雨水乱如麻，蝼蛄唱歌，天气晴和。

19. Earthworms crawl on the path, raindrops fall in a chaotic mess, mole crickets sing, and the weather is fine and clear.

20. 一阵太阳一阵雨，栽下黄秧吃白米。

20. A sun and a rain, plant the yellow seedlings to eat white rice.

21. 所谓物候是指自然界的花草树木、飞禽走兽，按一定的季节时令活动，这种活动与气候变化息息相关。

21. What is referred to as phenology refers to the activities of natural flora and fauna, such as flowers, trees, birds, and beasts, which occur according to certain seasonal rhythms. These activities are closely related to changes in climate.

22. 气象活动对我们的影响可谓细致，所以人们又总结到：

22. The impact of meteorological activities on us is so subtle that people have summed up:

23. 肥料与农业 肥料建设

23. Fertilizers and Agriculture - Fertilizer Construction

24. 秋禾夜雨强似粪，一场夜雨一场肥。

24. The autumn rain at night is stronger than manure, a night's rain brings a crop of fertilizer.

25. 种地选好种，一垄顶两垄。

25. Choose the right seeds for farming, one ridge can be as good as two.

26. 黑夜下雨白天晴，打的粮食没处盛。

26. Rain falls at night and the sky is clear during the day; the harvested grains have nowhere to be stored.

27. “大寒见三白，农人衣食足”这句谚语的意思是：在大寒时节里，如果能多下雪，把蝗虫的幼虫冻死，这样来年的农作物就不会遭到虫灾，农作物才会丰收，农人们就可以丰衣足食了。

27. The meaning of the saying "If there are three white snowfalls during the Great Cold, farmers will have enough food and clothing" is: During the period of the Great Cold, if it snows heavily, it can freeze the larvae of locusts, preventing pests from damaging the crops the following year. This will lead to a bountiful harvest, and the farmers will then have abundant food and clothing.

28. 云吃火有雨，火吃云晴天。

28. If clouds eat fire, it will rain; if fire eats clouds, it will be sunny.

29. 庄稼要好，施肥要巧。

29. To grow good crops, one must fertilize skillfully.

30. 分成24个弧段，每150为一个节气。于是便有了如下的二十四节气：

30. Divided into 24 arcs, each spanning 150 degrees, thus resulting in the following 24 solar terms:

31. 包谷种不晒，一冬必得坏。 宁要一斗种，不要一斗金。蛐鳝着地爬，下雨勿用话。

31. If you don't dry the corn seeds, they will surely go bad in the winter. It's better to have a measure of seeds than a measure of gold. If the cricket and eel crawl on the ground, don't worry when it rains.

32. 冬雪年丰，春雪无用。

32. In a snowy winter, a bountiful harvest; in a snowy spring, the snow is of no use.

33. 猪粪红花草，农家两件宝。

33. Pig manure and red clover are the two treasures of the countryside.

34. 物候是大自然最直接的语言，候鸟、昆虫的出没分明是在告诉我们时令的变迁：家燕惊蛰始见，立冬南飞；

34. Phenology is the most direct language of nature. The appearance and disappearance of migratory birds and insects clearly tell us about the changes in the seasons: the swifts appear with the frostbite, and migrate southward with the winter solstice.

35. 南风腰中硬，北风头上尖。

35. The south wind is strong in the middle, and the north wind is sharp at the tip.

36. 早怕东南黑，晚怕北云推。

36. In the morning, fear the southeastern darkness; in the evening, fear the northward cloud push.

37. 各种植物的发芽、展叶、开花、叶黄和叶落等现象；

37. The germination, unfolding of leaves, blooming, yellowing, and falling of leaves in various plants.

38. 庄稼老汉不要犟，一个粪底一个样。

38. Old farmer, don't be stubborn, each pile of manure has its own characteristics.

39. 老鼠做窝，寒流将到。

39. The rat builds its nest, a cold current is about to arrive.

40. 猪衔草，寒潮到。鸡迟宿，鸭欢叫，风雨不久到。

40. When the pig chews grass, a cold wave is coming. If the chickens delay their roosting and the ducks are joyful in their calls, a storm is not far off.

41. 夜星繁，大晴天。

41. Stars are numerous at night, a great sunny day.

42. 日落红云升，来日是晴天。

42. Red clouds rise at sunset, the next day will be clear and sunny.

43. 四月南风大麦黄，才了蚕桑又插秧。

43. In April, the south wind brings barley to a golden hue, just as the silkworm mulberry is harvested and the rice seedlings are planted.

44. 由于海拔高度平均上升100米，气温约降低06℃，因此，一般来说，海拔越高的地区，物候也就越迟。“人间四月芳菲尽，山寺桃花始盛开”，正是对这一物候高低差异的描述。

44. As the average altitude increases by 100 meters, the temperature drops by about 0.6℃, therefore, in general, the higher the altitude of an area, the later the phenology. The saying "The flowers of April are over, and the peonies in the mountain temple begin to bloom" accurately describes this difference in phenological timing.

45. “江南水乡春风早，北国阡陌花开迟”，充分表达了我国南方和北方的物候现象的不同。南京桃树一般在3月31日开花，北京的桃树要到4月19日才开花，相差19天。

45. "Early spring breeze in the Jiangnan water towns, late blooming flowers on the fields in the north," fully expresses the differences in the phenomena of seasonal changes between the south and the north of our country. Peach trees in Nanjing generally bloom on March 31st, while peach trees in Beijing do not bloom until April 19th, with a difference of 19 days.

46. 先雷后雨雨必小，先雨后雷雨必大。

46. If thunder comes before rain, the rain will be light; if rain comes before thunder, the rain will be heavy.

47. 不怕初一陰，就怕初二下。

47. "Not afraid of the first day of the second month being cloudy, but afraid of the second half of the second month being cloudy."

48. 春雨惊春清谷天，夏满芒至二暑连，秋处露春寒霜降，冬雪雪冬小大寒。

48. The spring rain startles the spring, making the grains clear and the sky bright; in summer, the wheat spikes arrive, and the second heat wave follows closely; in autumn, the autumnal dew and early frost descend; in winter, snow falls, and there are the greater and lesser colds.