1. 日暮乡关何处是？烟波江上使人愁。

1. Where is the hometown at dusk? The misty waves on the river bring people sorrow.

2. 长太息以掩涕兮，哀民生之多艰。

2. Long sighs to cover my tears, sorrowing for the many hardships of the people's lives.

3. 海日生残夜，江春入旧年。

3. The sea's sunrise breaks through the remnants of the night, the spring of the river enters the old year.

4. 王师北定中原日，家祭无忘告乃翁。

4. On the day when the King's army subdues the Central Plains, do not forget to offer a sacrifice at home and inform your father.

5. 忽闻歌古调，归思欲沾巾。

5. Suddenly hearing ancient songs, my longing to return makes me want to moisten my handkerchief.

6. 苟利国家生死以，岂因祸福避趋之！

6. If it is for the benefit of the country, I am willing to face life and death; why should I shun or seek out misfortune and fortune!

7. 蜡烛有泪还惜别，替人流泪到天明。

7. The candle weeps tears of farewell, weeping for others until dawn.

8. 独自莫凭栏，无限江山，别时容易见时难。

8. Do not lean on the railing alone, for the boundless realm is vast, parting is easy but meeting again is hard.

9. 7人言落日是天涯，望极天涯不见家。——李觏《乡思》

9. Seven say the setting sun is the edge of the world, looking to the very edge of the world and yet not seeing home. — Li Guo, "Nostalgia for the Country"

10. 释义：不要担心前路茫茫没有知己，普天之下哪个不识君？

10. Interpretation: Do not worry about the vast expanse ahead without a comrade-in-arms, who in all the world does not know you?

11. 未老莫还乡，还乡须断肠。

11. If not yet old, do not return to your hometown; if you return, your heart will be broken.

12. 4多情自古伤离别，更那堪冷落清秋节！——柳永《雨霖铃·寒蝉凄切》

12. Since ancient times, the tender-hearted have always been hurt by parting, how much more so during the solitary and cool autumn festival! —— From Liu Yong's poem "Yu Lin Ling: Chilling Cicada"

13. 释义：守边将士，身经百战，铠甲磨穿，壮志不灭，不打败进犯之敌，誓不返回家乡。

13. Interpretation: The border guards, having fought a hundred battles, their armor worn through, their valiant aspirations unwavering, they誓不 return to their hometown unless they defeat the invaders.

14. 释义：茫茫的海上升起一轮明月，此时你我都在天涯共相望。

14. Interpretation: A bright moon rises amidst the boundless sea, at this moment, you and I are gazing at each other from the ends of the earth.

15. 人情重怀土，故乡安可忘。

15. People value filial piety and attachment to the soil, how can one forget one's hometown?

16. 戍客望边色，思归多苦颜。

16. The soldiers gazing at the border colors, their longing for home etched in their weary faces.

17. 思乡爱国的诗句古诗有《金陵晚望》、《从军行七首其四》、《南园十三首其五》等。

17. Poems expressing homesickness and patriotism in ancient Chinese poetry include "Evening Gaze at Jinling," "Military March: The Fourth Poem," and "Thirteen Poems of the Southern Garden: The Fifth Poem," etc.

18. 赏析：唐代边塞诗的读者，往往因为诗中所涉及的地名古今杂举、空间悬隔而感到困惑。怀疑作者不谙地理，因而不求甚解者有之，曲为之解者亦有之。这第四首诗就有这种情形。前两句提到三个地名。雪山即河西走廊南面横亘廷伸的祁连山脉。青海与玉门关东西相距数千里，却同在一幅画面上出现，于是对这两句就有种种不同的解说。

18. Analysis: Readers of Tang Dynasty frontier poetry often feel confused due to the ancient and modern names of places mentioned in the poems, as well as the spatial separation. Some doubt the author's lack of geographical knowledge and therefore do not delve too deeply into the meanings, while others interpret it in a distorted manner. This fourth poem presents such a situation. The first two lines mention three place names. The "Snowy Mountains" refer to the Qilian Mountains stretching across the southern part of the Hexi Corridor. Qinghai and the Yumen Pass are thousands of miles apart from east to west, yet they appear in the same scene, leading to various interpretations of these two lines.

19. 举头望明月，低头思故乡。

19. Look up to see the bright moon, bow down to think of my hometown.

20. 5莫愁前路无知己，天下谁人不识君。——高适《别董大二首》

20. Do not worry about not having friends on the road ahead, for who in the world does not know you? — Gao Shi, "Two Poems to Part with Dong Da"

21. 释义：人生自古以来有谁能够长生不死？我要留一片爱国的丹心映照史册。

21. Interpretation: Since the beginning of time, who among us has been able to live forever and never die? I wish to leave behind a piece of patriotic passion that will shine in the annals of history.

22. 释义：朋友啊，洛阳亲友若是问起我来；就说我依然冰心玉壶，坚守信念！

22. Interpretation: O friend, if the people of Luoyang inquire after me; tell them that I still maintain a heart as ice and a vessel as jade, steadfast in my beliefs!

23. 3人生自古谁无死？留取丹心照汗青。——文天祥《过零丁洋》

23. Since ancient times, who among us can escape death? Let us preserve our unyielding spirit and leave it to illuminate history. — Wen Tianxiang, "Crossing the Lingdingyang River"

24. 若为化作身千亿，散向峰头望故乡。

24. If I were to become a billion bodies, I would scatter them towards the peak to gaze upon my hometown.

25. 孤客一身千里外，未知归日是何年。

25. A solitary traveler, a thousand miles away, has no idea when the day of return will be.

26. 捐躯赴国难，视死忽如归。?>

26. To sacrifice oneself for the nation's distress, regarding death as if returning home.

27. 狐死归首丘，故乡安可忘。

27. When a fox dies, it returns to its mountain; how can one forget one's hometown?

28. 游子悲其故乡，心怆悢以伤怀。

28. The prodigal son pines for his hometown, his heart aching with longing.

29. 近乡情更怯，不敢问来人。

29. The closer I get to home, the more apprehensive I feel, and I dare not ask those who come from afar.

30. 一时今夕会，万里故乡情。

30. A moment of tonight's gathering, a feeling of homesickness across ten thousand miles.

31. 8海上生明月，天涯共此时。——张九龄《望月怀远》

31. "The bright moon rises over the sea, and at this moment, we share the same sky across the vast distances." — Zhang Jiuling, "Contemplating the Moon from Afar"

32. 9一生大笑能几回，斗酒相逢须醉倒。——岑参《凉州馆中与诸判官夜集》

32. In a lifetime, how many times can one laugh heartily? When meeting over a bowl of wine, one must be drunk. — From "Evening Gathering with Several Judges in the Lanzhou Guesthouse" by岑参

33. 乡书何处达？归雁洛阳边。

33. Where does the country letter reach? The returning wild geese by the banks of Luoyang.

34. 人生自古谁无死，留取丹心照汗青。

34. Since ancient times, who among us can escape death? Let the red heart illuminate the annals of history.

35. 6月有盈亏花有开谢，想人生最苦离别。——张鸣善《普天乐·咏世》

35. In June, flowers bloom and wither, and I think of the bitterness of parting in life. — Zhang Mingshan, "Pu Tian Le: Singing of the World"

36. 释义：自古以来多情的人最伤心的是离别，更何况又逢这萧瑟冷落的秋季，这离愁哪能经受得了！

36. Annotation: Since ancient times, the most heart-wrenching thing for the lovers is parting, let alone encountering this bleak and cold autumn season. How can such separation sorrow bear!

37. 10洛阳亲友如相问，一片冰心在玉壶。——王昌龄《芙蓉楼送辛渐》

37. If your friends and relatives in Luoyang ask about you, tell them that a piece of jade heart is in a jade pot. — Wang Changling, "Furong Lou Sends Xin Zhen"

38. 少小离家老大回，乡音无改鬓毛衰。

38. Left home young and returned old, the local accent remains unchanged, but the hair at the temples has turned white.

39. 释义：月有圆有缺花有开有谢，想到人生最苦的事情莫过于离别。

39. Interpretation: The moon has both full and waning phases, and flowers have both blooming and withering. It occurs to me that the most bitter thing in life is probably parting.

40. 1黄沙百战穿金甲，不破楼兰终不还。——王昌龄《从军行七首·其四》

40. 1 Through countless battles, the golden armor is worn through by the sands, and I will not return until Lulang is conquered. — Wang Changling, "Seven Poems of Military Service · The Fourth"

41. 谁言寸草心，报得三春晖。

41. Who says the heart of a tiny grass can repay the glow of three spring suns?

42. 赏析：这首诗由两个设问句组成，顿挫激越，而又直抒胸臆，把家国之痛和身世之悲都淋漓酣畅地表达出来。第一个设问是反问，也是自问，含有“国家兴亡，匹夫有责”的豪情。“男儿何不带吴钩”，起句峻急，紧连次句“收取关山五十州”，犹如悬流飞瀑，从高处跌落而下，显得气势磅礴。

42. Analysis: This poem consists of two rhetorical questions, which are both forceful and passionate, directly expressing the sorrow of the country and the personal grievances. The first question is a rhetorical one and also a self-reflective one, containing the heroic sentiment of "the rise and fall of the country depends on every common man." The opening line "Why don't men wear Wuhu hooks?" is abrupt and urgent, followed by the next line "Gather the fifty states of the pass," like a hanging waterfall plummeting from a great height, exuding a grand and powerful momentum.

43. 独在异乡为异客，每逢佳节倍思亲。

43. Alone in a foreign land, I am a stranger; on every festive occasion, I miss my family all the more.

44. 释义：人们说，那太阳落山的地方就是天涯，我竭力朝天涯眺望，也没法看到我的家。

44. Interpretation: People say that where the sun sets is the end of the world. I strain my eyes to look towards the end of the world, yet I cannot see my home.

45. 释义：男子汉大丈夫为什么不腰带武器去收取关山五十州呢？

45. Translation: Why doesn't a real man, a great hero, wear a weapon on his belt to conquer the fifty states of Guanshan?

46. 2男儿何不带吴钩，收取关山五十州。——李贺《南园十三首·其五》

46. Why not wear the Wugou sword, young man, and conquer the fifty states of Guan Mountain? —Li He, "Thirteen Poems of the South Garden·Fifth"

47. 释义：人生一世能有几回开怀大笑，今日相逢人人必须痛饮醉倒。

47. Interpretation: In a lifetime, how many times can one laugh heartily? Today, when we meet, everyone must drink to the point of intoxication.

48. 赏析：这是一篇题画之作。诗人借对六朝古都金陵的感慨，抒发对晚唐现实的忧虑。开篇便是望中之景。“曾伴浮云归晚翠，犹陪落日泛秋声。”当是秋风凄厉、秋叶凋零、秋虫哀鸣、秋水惨淡的交响。浮云归于暮山，将是白日的结束，落日悬浮于秋声，亦是一年的残景。凄凉的日之暮、岁之暮的景象，没能使诗人规避，反倒令他入迷。

48. Analysis: This is a work of artistic appreciation. The poet uses his reflections on the ancient capital of the Six Dynasties, Jinling, to express his concerns about the late Tang Dynasty's reality. The opening lines set the scene: "Once accompanied floating clouds to the evening greenery, still accompany the setting sun floating autumn sounds." This should be a symphony of the fierce autumn wind, with withering autumn leaves, the sorrowful cries of autumn insects, and the bleakness of autumn water. As the floating clouds return to the mountains in the evening, it signifies the end of the day. The setting sun floating in the autumn sounds also represents the end of the year. The desolate scene of the evening and the end of the year fails to deter the poet, but rather captivates him.

49. 烽火连三月，家书抵万金。

49. For three months, beacon fires burned continuously, and a letter from home was worth ten thousand in gold.