1. Sparrows wash， it will rain.

1. When sparrows bathe, it will rain.

2. 谷雨到，布谷叫，前三天叫干，后三天叫淹。

2. The Grain Rain arrives, and the cuckoo calls. For the first three days, it calls for dryness, and for the next three days, it calls for flooding.

3. Sparrows feed on snow.

3. Sparrows feed on snow.

4. 麻雀守着屋檐叫，大雨近日一定到。

4. Sparrows call by the eaves, a heavy rain is sure to come in the near future.

5. <P> 这其中的“起开罢”、“你是我命中的小人魔难星”、“讨人嫌”、“话儿疯”、“耳傍风”等等词语，是通俗的口语词汇，从黛玉的口中说出，可见黛玉与宝玉的关系之亲密，黛玉可以这样毫不掩饰地批评宝玉，而“魔难星”、“讨人嫌”等词，又反映出一种名贬实褒的意味。宝黛的语言中所运用的俗语词汇和口语词汇，体现了二人亲密无间的关系，即使是从较有文学修养的贵族公子**的口中说出这些话，也显得风趣、自然，增添了情趣，也增进了二人之间的感情。</P>

5. <P> Among the words such as "起开罢" (get out of here), "你是我命中的小人魔难星" (you are the little demon who causes me trouble in my life), "讨人嫌" (disagreeable), "话儿疯" (saying things out of turn), and "耳傍风" (hearsay), these are common colloquial terms. When spoken by Lin Daiyu, it shows the intimate relationship between her and Jia Baoyu. Daiyu can criticize Baoyu so openly without any disguise. Words like "魔难星" (demon who causes trouble) and "讨人嫌" (disagreeable) also reflect a meaning of praise in disguise. The colloquial and popular terms used in the language of Bao and Dai reflect their close relationship. Even if spoken by a well-educated noble young master, these words sound playful and natural, adding to the charm and deepening the emotional bond between the two. </P>

6. 因为流传的年代已经相当久远，其后半句的方言语音，发生了一些俚语俗趣的变化，但依稀可辨是纪念田横的诗句。

6. Because the text has been circulated for a long time, the dialect pronunciation of the latter half of the sentence has undergone some changes with colloquial and humorous elements, but it can still be faintly recognized as a poem commemorating Tian Hong.

7. ⒈方言俗语；民间浅近的话语。引唐刘禹锡《插田歌》：“但闻怨响音，不辨俚语词。”《新五代史·死节传·王彦章》：“彦章武人，不知书，常为俚语谓人曰：‘豹死留皮，人死留名。’”宋陈善《扪虱新话·彭乘批答之谬》：“又有杨安国者为侍讲，讲《论语》至‘一_食，一瓢饮’，乃操俚语曰：‘官家，颜回甚穷，但有一箩粟米饭，一葫芦浆水。’”清王应奎《柳南随笔》卷

7. 1. Local dialects and colloquialisms; simple and popular folk expressions. Quoting from Liu Yuxi's "Song of Planting Rice": "I only hear the sound of complaints, but cannot distinguish the words of the vernacular." From "New History of the Five Dynasties" - "Biographies of those who died for their principles" - "Wang Yan Zhang": "Wang Yan Zhang was a warrior, illiterate, and often spoke in the vernacular to others, saying: 'A tiger dies but leaves its skin, a person dies but leaves his name.'" In "New Words about Removing Lice" by Chen Shan: "There was also a Yang An Guo who served as a lecturer, teaching the "Analects" up to 'One bowl of food, one pot of water,' and then spoke in the vernacular: 'Your Majesty, Yan Hui is very poor, but he only has a sack of rice and a gourd of juice.'" From "Random Notes from Liu Nan" by Wang Yingkui, Volume

8. <P> 我从此竞把绝大乌龟化，等妹妹百年之后叶落归秋。</P>

8. <P> From then on, I have turned into a great tortoise, waiting for my sister to return to autumn after she reaches a hundred years old. </P>

9. 口头用法和俚语二者都是在口头语里比在书面语里更加常见。

9. Both colloquial usage and slang are more common in spoken language than in written language.

10. Howard: Your wife pushes you around But you're a big scary cop!

10. Howard: Your wife treats you like a doormat, but you're a big, intimidating cop!

11. <P> 还有那一句言词奉劝你，二爷的话好歹别当耳傍风。</P>

11. <P> And there's that one piece of advice for you, Second Young Master. No matter how good or bad his words are, don't just let them blow past you like a breeze. </P>

12. 低声说你是倾国倾城我便是多愁多病。&p; 《双玉埋红》宝玉语</P>

12. Whispering that you are the most beautiful in the world, I am full of melancholy and illness. &p; Words from Bao Yu in "Double Jade Buried in Red" </P>

13. 有些人认为它的名字来源于祖鲁语，还有人说它的名字来源于城镇俚语。

13. Some people believe that its name originates from Zulu, while others say it comes from town slang.

14. 红嘴鸹，飞着叫，大风大雨就来到。

14. The red-billed magpie, flying and calling, comes with strong winds and heavy rain.

15. <P> 忙应道少年时耕种我全都会，如今衰老了力难禁。</P>

15. <P>In my youth, I was adept at farming, but now that I am old, my strength is no longer sufficient to endure it.</P>

16. When the sparrow barked on June

16. When the sparrow barked in June

17. It will soon clear up after a long rain has heard the sound of birds.

17. It will soon clear up after a long rain has heard the sound of birds.

18. 久雨听莺声，不久天放晴。

18. Long rain hears the oriole's song, soon the sky clears up.

19. 打开任何一本汉语词典，随处可见由“三”或其倍数构成的词组，各地的谚语和俚语中更是不计其数。

19. Open any Chinese dictionary, and you will find numerous phrases composed of the number "three" or its multiples. In proverbs and colloquialisms from various regions, there are countless such expressions.

20. 百鸟飞来早，雨水来得早。

20. The birds come early, and the rain comes early.

21. Birds come early， rainwater comes early.

21. Birds arrive early, rainwater arrives early.

22. 鹭鸶高飞叫一声，乌云不雨自然晴。

22. The stork soars high and cries out, the dark clouds do not rain and naturally clear up.

23. 古人云韶光易过红颜易老&《葬花》第二回黛玉语</P>

23. As the ancients said, time flies and beauty fades & from the second chapter of "The Burial of Flowers," what Lin Daiyu said </P>

24. Yan Bian mud， seedling out Qi.

24. Yan Bian mud, seedling out Qi. (Note: This seems to be a mix of Chinese and English. "Yan Bian mud" could refer to a type of soil or mud, and "seedling out Qi" is not a standard phrase in either language. It could be a reference to a specific practice or concept in horticulture or traditional Chinese medicine. Without further context, it's difficult to provide a precise translation.)

25. 水鹊一声风二声雨，三声四声旱到底。

25. One magpie caws in the wind, two in the rain, and three or four in drought until the end.

26. 据统计，《红楼梦》中的俗语就有315条，其中加有“俗话说”这类冠词的前八十回有48条，后四十回有7条，合计55条。加有“古人说”一类冠词的前八十回有17条，后四十回有8条，合计25条；加有“常言“这类冠词的，前八十回有4条，后四十回无。研究者还归纳出，《红楼梦》一书人物引用俗语最多的是王熙凤，共57条。引用俗语最多的章回是六十五回，共计16条。民间谚语有268条，成语有11条，歇后语52条，曹雪芹自己创造的有7条。曹雪芹使用的俗语，是比较宽泛的概念，应该包括了民间谚语、成语、古人的诗句和歇后语。所以给《红楼梦》中使用的俗语定一个标准就是指民间谚语、古语、格言、歇后语等，由劳动人民创造并在人们口头流传的经验的总结。《礼记·大学》中就说：“谚，俗语也。”俗语的最大特点就是它的通俗性和普遍流传性。曹雪芹对俗语的态度早在第一回中就明确了：“我虽不学无文，又何妨用假语村言，敷演出来，亦可使闺阁昭传，复不可破一时之闷，醒同人之目，不亦宜乎”其中的“村言”就是俗语。在文学作品中引用俗语，并不自曹雪芹才开始的。从宋元话本、杂剧以来，文学作品中引用俗语已是司空见惯的。据粗略统计《金瓶梅》所引用的俗语高达七百余条之多，几乎是《红楼梦》的一倍。</P>

26. According to statistics, there are 315 proverbs in "Dream of the Red Chamber," of which 48 are prefixed with phrases like "As the saying goes" in the first eighty chapters, and 7 in the last forty chapters, totaling 55. There are 17 such phrases in the first eighty chapters and 8 in the last forty chapters, totaling 25. There are 4 such phrases in the first eighty chapters and none in the last forty chapters. Researchers also summarize that Wang Xifeng is the character who quotes the most proverbs in the book, with a total of 57. The chapter with the most quoted proverbs is the sixty-fifth chapter, with a total of 16. There are 268 folk sayings, 11 idioms, 52 puns, and 7 created by Cao Xueqin himself. The proverbs used by Cao Xueqin refer to a broad concept, which should include folk sayings, idioms, ancient poems, and puns. Therefore, defining the proverbs used in "Dream of the Red Chamber" refers to folk sayings, ancient proverbs, maxims, and puns, which are summaries of experiences created by the laboring people and spread by word of mouth. As mentioned in "The Book of Rites · The Great Learning": "Proverbs are common sayings." The most distinctive feature of proverbs is their popularity and widespread transmission. Cao Xueqin's attitude towards proverbs was clarified as early as the first chapter: "Although I am not learned and lack literary talent, what harm is there in using false rural language to express my thoughts? It can also make the story of the girls known to all, and it can also relieve the boredom of the moment, awaken the eyes of my companions, is it not appropriate?" The "rural language" here refers to proverbs. The use of proverbs in literary works did not start with Cao Xueqin. Since the Song and Yuan era, it has been common to quote proverbs in literary works. A rough estimate shows that "Jin Ping Mei" contains as many as seven hundred proverbs, almost twice as many as "Dream of the Red Chamber." </P>

27. White trumpets built dikes and flooded roofs.

27. White trumpets constructed dikes and flooded roofs.

28. 古人说穷乃攻书原不错，又道是书能解闷未必真。 《露泪缘》第五同黛玉语</P>

28. The ancients said that poverty is the origin of studying books, which is indeed correct. They also said that books can relieve boredom, but this may not be entirely true. (From the 5th chapter of "The Origin of Weeping")

29. <P> 这一段宝玉一时兴起，引用了《西厢记》中的话，表达自己的心意。黛玉心里听着高兴，表面上还要佯装委屈，扬言要去太太房里告状。急得宝玉以趣语哄逗黛玉，说自己是“大乌龟”、“我替妹妹驼于背上万载不休”。这段有趣的自咒之语是对原著的化用，原著写宝玉急着赔不是道：“要有心欺负你，明儿我掉在池子里，叫个掘头鼋吃了去，变个大忘八，等你明儿做了‘一品夫人’病老归西的时候儿，我往你坟上替你驼一辈子碑去。”而黛玉也转怒为喜，同样引用《西厢记》中的话“呸也是个银样躐枪头”，以其人之道还治其人之身。两位主人公在一来一去，一退一进中，表现了亲昵随便、无拘无束的关系。而其中，俗语词汇在其中起了很大的作用。</P>

29. <P> In this section, Jia Baoyu, inspired by the moment, quoted a line from "The Western Chamber" to express his own feelings. Lin Daiyu was pleased in her heart, but she still acted as if she was being wronged, boasting to complain to Lady Jia. In a hurry, Baoyu amused Daiyu with playful words, saying he was a "big tortoise" and "I'll carry my younger sister on my back for eternity." This amusing self-curse is a paraphrase of the original text, where Baoyu, anxious to apologize, said, "If I ever meant to bully you, tomorrow I'll fall into a pond and be eaten by a basking shark, turning into a big tortoise. When you become a 'first-class lady' and die of illness, I'll carry a tombstone for you for a lifetime." Daiyu also turned her anger into joy, quoting another line from "The Western Chamber" to retort, "You're just a silver plated gunhead." In the back and forth, the retreat and advance of the two main characters, a close and casual, unrestricted relationship is portrayed. Among them, colloquial vocabulary plays a significant role. </P>

30. 枉费了，意悬悬半世心；好一似，荡悠悠三更梦。

30. In vain have I wasted half a lifetime of heartache; it's just like a dream that drifts aimlessly through the night.

31. 阳雀愁，雨淋头。

31. The sparrow is sad, drenched by the rain.

32. 久晴斑鸠叫天雨，久雨斑鸠叫天晴。

32. For a long time of sunshine, the wood pigeon cries for rain; for a long time of rain, the wood pigeon cries for sunshine.

33. 四是自己的创造。《红楼梦》中有一些俗语是曹雪芹自己的创造。清人裕瑞在《枣窗闲笔》中，谓雪芹“善谈吐，风雅游戏，触境生春。闻其奇谈娓娓然，令人终日不倦。是以其书绝妙尽致。”可见曹雪芹是一个很风趣诙谐的人。例如作品中有主旨作用的护官符，还有有打油诗意味的好了歌等等 所以，《红楼梦》的俗语，大部分是来自于元明清小说戏曲，相当大部分来自当时的民间，小部分来自历史典籍、古人诗词，极少是曹雪芹在“时谚”基础上的创造。那么直接来自于民间的说唱艺术，子弟书的俗语运用极为广泛，其来源也大致是元明清戏曲、小说、前人诗歌、词曲、历史典籍，更多是来自于当时生活中流行的口头语、俗语、谚语等等。戏曲家、民俗学家傅惜华先生曾说过：“子弟书……词句虽有时近于俚浅，妇孺皆晓，然其写情则沁人心脾，写景则在人耳目，述事则如出其口；极其真善美之致。其意境之妙，恐元曲而外殊无能与伦者也。”∞这里的“妇孺皆晓”道出了子弟书语言的通俗性，甚至近于“俚浅”，以浅近的俗语、俚语来创作，才能在民间具有普及推广的优势。子弟书用七言律诗的句子，再用一些其他字数的碎句做衬垫，这是它的句法基凋。启功先生分析认为：“正是因为修养不深，也就是较少地受框子的限制，才能有这样的胆力”，“其实杜甫做诗时也未必像解诗的人想的那么多”，“子弟书的成就，恰在于胆，也恰在于浅。”</P>

33. Fourth is his own creation. There are some colloquial sayings in "Dream of the Red Chamber" that were created by Cao Xueqin himself. In Qing Dynasty, Yu Rui, in his book "Zaochuang Xianbi," said of Xueqin, "He was good at eloquent speech, elegant games, and could inspire spring from any situation. His fascinating stories were so engaging that one could not tire of them all day. Hence, his book is absolutely exquisite." This shows that Cao Xueqin was a very humorous and witty person. For example, the work contains sayings that serve as the main theme, such as "Huguanfu," and also songs with the flavor of satirical poetry, etc. Therefore, most of the colloquial sayings in "Dream of the Red Chamber" come from novels and operas of the Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties, a significant part comes from the folk of that time, a small part from historical classics and ancient poetry, and very few are created by Cao Xueqin based on "current proverbs." So, the direct origin from folk singing and storytelling arts, the use of colloquial sayings in the "Zishu" is extremely widespread, and its sources are roughly from Yuan, Ming, and Qing operas, novels, ancient poetry, lyrics, and historical classics. More of them come from popular oral expressions, colloquialisms, and proverbs of that time. The opera and folklorist Mr. Fu Xi-hua once said, "The 'Zishu'... Although the language is sometimes close to the common and simple, it is understood by women and children alike, yet its expression of emotions is refreshing to the heart, its depiction of scenery is vivid to the eyes, and its narration is as if spoken from the mouth; it achieves the ultimate in truth, goodness, and beauty. Its artistic conception is so exquisite that it is unparalleled except for the Yuan opera." The phrase "understood by women and children alike" reveals the popular nature of the "Zishu" language, even close to the "common and simple." It is only by creating with simple colloquialisms and slang that the "Zishu" can have the advantage of popularization and promotion in the folk. The "Zishu" uses the sentences of seven-character律诗 and some other fragmented sentences to support them, which is the foundation of its syntax. Qike's analysis suggests, "It is precisely because of shallow cultivation, or less restriction by the frame, that such boldness is possible," "In fact, Du Fu may not have thought as much as people imagine when writing poetry," "The achievement of the 'Zishu' lies in boldness, as well as simplicity." </P>