1. 旧时,差不多家家灶间都设有“灶王爷”神位,传说他是玉皇大帝封的“九天东厨司命灶王府君”,负责管理各家的灶火,被作为一家的保护神而受到崇拜。灶王龛大都设在灶房的北面或东面,中间供上灶王爷的神像。没有灶王龛的人家,也有将神像直接贴在墙上的。有的神像只画灶王爷一人,有的则有男女两人,女神被称为“灶王奶奶”。

1. In the past, almost every household had a "Kitchen God" shrine in the kitchen. It is said that he was appointed by the Jade Emperor as the "Heavenly Chef of the Kitchen God, Lord of the Kitchen Palace" in the "Nine Heavens," responsible for managing the hearth fires of each household and revered as the family's guardian deity. The Kitchen God niche was usually placed on the north or east side of the kitchen, with the image of the Kitchen God placed in the center. Households without a Kitchen God niche would also sometimes directly paste the deity's image on the wall. Some images only depicted the Kitchen God alone, while others showed both a man and a woman, with the female deity referred to as the "Kitchen God Grandma."

2. 年三十夜的年糕 —— 人有我有

2. Nian Gao (New Year's Rice Cake) on New Year's Eve — if I have it, you have it too.

3. 大年三十晚上打兔子 —— 有你不多，没你不少

3. Hunt rabbits on New Year's Eve - You're not much more, nor much less without you.

4. 年到初三四，各人打主意。

4. By the New Year's Day and the third day of the first lunar month, everyone has their own plans.

5. 年三十讨口 —— 丢人现眼

5. On the New Year's Eve, asking for alms —— a shame to oneself.

6. 小孩望过年，大人望种田。

6. Children look forward to the New Year, while adults look forward to farming.

7. 年到二十一，人家欢喜涯叹息。

7. By the age of 21, others are joyful while I sigh.

8. 二十三，糖瓜粘。

8. The 23rd, sugarcane candies stick.

9. 礼到人心暖，无礼讨人嫌。

9. Courteous behavior warms the heart, while rudeness is disliked by others.

10. 二十四，扫房子。

10. The 24th: Clean the house.

11. 置不完的年货，买不完的嫁妆。

11. Unending New Year supplies, endless dowries.

12. 另外,汉代已有除夕夜晚饮椒柏酒(用草药配制的药酒)以驱邪祛病的习俗,后世改为饮屠苏酒,王安石有诗“春风送暖入屠苏”。现如今,我国南方仍有年节时全家老小欢聚酣饮屠苏酒的风俗。

12. In addition, during the Han Dynasty, there was a custom of drinking pepper and cypress wine (medicinal wine made with herbs) on the evening of the Chinese New Year's Eve to ward off evil spirits and diseases. Later on, the custom changed to drinking su-su wine. Wang Anshi had a poem that goes, "The spring breeze brings warmth to su-su wine." Nowadays, in southern China, it is still a custom for families to gather together and enjoy a festive drink of su-su wine during the New Year celebrations.

13. 大年初一借袍子 —— 不识时务

13. Borrowing a robe on the first day of the Chinese New Year —— out of touch with the times.

14. 年到二十五，一入年架心更苦。

14. By the age of 25, the heart grows even more bitter as one enters the year of架. (Note: The word "架" in this context seems to be a typographical error or a misspelling. It is likely meant to be a character from Chinese numerals, possibly "二" (er, meaning "two"), but without more context, it's difficult to provide a precise translation.)

15. 穷债户过年 —— 躲躲闪闪

15. Poor debtors celebrating the New Year - evasive and elusive

16. 大年夜格砧墩板 —— 呒没空

16. New Year's Eve grand pillar plank - no time

17. “爆竹声中一岁除”。除夕之夜,交子时刻,天空中,火光闪闪,轰鸣阵阵,隆重、热烈的鞭炮声送走了旧年,迎来崭新的一年,把春节推向了高潮。据史料记载,最早的爆竹是用竹竿之类的易燃品制成的火炬。

17. "With the sound of firecrackers, a year is expunged." On the New Year's Eve, at the moment of the old and new year's transition, the sky was filled with dazzling flashes and resounding booms. The solemn and enthusiastic sound of firecrackers bid farewell to the old year, welcomed the new one, and brought the Spring Festival to its climax. According to historical records, the earliest firecrackers were made into torches from flammable materials such as bamboo poles.

18. 大年三十的案板 —— 家家忙

18. The chopping board on New Year's Eve — everyone is busy

19. 小寒大寒，杀猪过年。

19. When it's the coldest days, it's time to kill pigs for the New Year.

20. 守岁,俗称“熬年”,是从吃年夜饭开始。年夜饭是一年中最具家庭亲情、充满温馨祥和的家宴,此时,人们不仅享受着满桌佳肴,更享受着浓浓的亲情和节日的喜庆。年夜饭之后,除了年幼的孩子外,全家人开始守岁,共同辞旧迎新。在晋代就有除夕守岁习俗,南北朝时已很普遍,进入隋唐后守岁很盛行,宋代沿袭唐风更盛。

20. Keeping the New Year's Eve, commonly known as "staying up all night," begins with the New Year's Eve dinner. The New Year's Eve dinner is the most family-oriented, warm, and harmonious feast of the year, where people not only enjoy the delicious food on the table but also relish the strong family ties and the festive joy of the holiday. After the New Year's Eve dinner, with the exception of young children, the whole family starts keeping the New Year's Eve together, bidding farewell to the old year and welcoming the new one. The custom of keeping the New Year's Eve on the Eve of the New Year was already in existence during the Jin Dynasty, and it was very common during the Southern and Northern Dynasties. After the Sui and Tang dynasties, the practice became very popular, and during the Song Dynasty, it was carried on even more in the style of the Tang Dynasty.

21. 大年初一贴福字 —— 吉庆有余

21. Stick fortune characters on the first day of the Chinese New Year — prosperity and joy in abundance.

22. 小孩盼过年，大人忧无钱。

22. Children look forward to the New Year, while adults worry about lack of money.

23. 年到二十六，年关难过出目汁。

23. From 23 to 26 years old, the New Year is a difficult time to shed tears.

24. 穷人过年真辛苦，洗净蒲罗无米煮。

24. It's really hard for the poor to celebrate the New Year, as they have washed the reed mat but no rice to cook.

25. 二十五，磨豆腐。

25. Twenty-five, grind tofu.

26. 大年夜翻皇历 —— 好日子全过完

26. Looking up the almanac on New Year's Eve - all the good days have passed.

27. 39二十三，糖瓜粘;二十四，扫房子;二十五，磨豆腐;二十六，炖锅肉;二十七，杀只鸡;二十八，把面发;二十九，蒸馒头;三十晚上熬一宿;大年初一扭一扭。

27. The 23rd, the sugar melon is sticky; the 24th, sweep the house; the 25th, grind tofu; the 26th, stew pot meat; the 27th, kill a chicken; the 28th, let the dough rise; the 29th, steam mantou (steamed buns); on the eve of the New Year, stay up all night; on the first day of the New Year, twist and turn.

28. 年到初五六，无酒又无肉。

28. By the age of 28, there's neither wine nor meat.

29. 35初一的饺子，初二的面，初三的盒子往家转。

29. On the first day of the new year, dumplings; on the second day, noodles; and on the third day, boxes to take home.

30. 老太太过年，一年不如一年。

30. The old lady's New Year's Day celebration is worse each year.

31. 大年初一的袍子 —— 借不得

31. The robe on the first day of the Chinese New Year — cannot be borrowed

32. 二十九，蒸馒头。

32. 29. Steaming mantou (steamed buns).

33. 除夕晚上借砧板 —— 不看时候

33. Borrowing a chopping board on New Year's Eve —— Don't look at the time

34. 王小二过年 —— 一年不如一年

34. Wang Xiaosi celebrating the Spring Festival - every year is worse than the last.

35. 我国春节,一般是从祭灶揭开序幕的。民谣中“二十三,糖瓜粘”指的即是每年腊月二十三或二十四日的祭灶,祭灶,是一项在我国民间影响很大、流传极广的习俗。

35. The Spring Festival in our country generally opens with the ceremony of sacrificing to the kitchen god. The folk song "On the 23rd, candy melon sticks" refers to the sacrifice to the kitchen god on the 23rd or 24th day of the twelfth lunar month. The sacrifice to the kitchen god is a custom with a great influence and wide spread in our folk traditions.

36. 因为我国南方盛产竹子,这个习俗首先是从南方流行起来的。当竹子燃烧时,竹节里空气膨胀,引起竹腔爆裂,发出噼噼啪啪的响声,爆竹的名称也由此得来。大约到了唐代,人们把火药装在竹筒里点燃。宋代人们已经普遍使用内装火药的纸卷代替竹筒,也就是现在的炮仗了。

36. Because our country's south is rich in bamboo, this custom first became popular in the south. When bamboo burns, the air inside the bamboo joints expands, causing the bamboo cavity to burst, emitting a crackling sound, and the name of firecrackers comes from this. By the Tang Dynasty, people began to light gunpowder placed in bamboo tubes. During the Song Dynasty, people had already commonly used paper rolls filled with gunpowder instead of bamboo tubes, which is what we now call firecrackers.

37. 大年初一做月子 —— 赶在节上

37. Give birth on the first day of the Chinese New Year — to be in sync with the holiday spirit.

38. 二十六，炖锅肉。

38. Twenty-six, braised pork in a pot.

39. 大年初一扭一扭。?>

39. Twirl on the first day of the Chinese New Year. ?>

40. “老婆老婆你别馋,过了腊八就是年。腊八粥,喝几天,哩哩啦啦二十三;二十三,糖瓜粘;二十四,扫房子;二十五,炸豆腐;二十六,炖羊肉;二十七,杀公鸡;二十八,把面发;二十九,蒸馒头;三十晚上熬一宿,大年初一扭一扭……”

40. "Dear wife, don't be greedy, the New Year comes after Laba. Drink the Laba porridge for a few days, and then it's the 23rd. On the 23rd, the sugar melon sticks; on the 24th, sweep the house; on the 25th, fry tofu; on the 26th, stew mutton; on the 27th, kill the rooster; on the 28th, let the dough rise; on the 29th, steam mantou; on New Year's Eve, stay up all night, and twist your body on the first day of the New Year..."

41. 二十七，剃精细；二十八，剃傻瓜。

41. The 27th, shave finely; the 28th, shave a fool.

42. 嘱咐截紫绉，要把靴口沿。

42. Instruct the seamstress to hem the boots along the boot top.

43. 19三六九，往外走 二五八，好回家。

43. 19 san liu jiu, wai zuo zou. Er wu ba, hao hui jia. Translation: 43. 19 three six nine, go out. 25 eight, it's good to go home.

44. 首帕鸟缕好，膝裤宝石蓝。

44. The headscarf is exquisite, and the knee pants are in a gemstone blue.

45. 忙腊月，闹正月，拖拖拉拉到二月。

45. Busy in the twelfth lunar month, bustling in the first lunar month, dragging on to the second lunar month.

46. 冬至黑，过年疏；冬至疏，过年黑。

46. Dark at the winter solstice, sparse during the New Year; sparse at the winter solstice, dark during the New Year.

47. 廉不廉，看过年。

47. Whether one is honest or not, one can tell by looking at their New Year's celebrations.

48. 灶王爷像上大都还印有这一年的日历,上书“东厨司命主”、“人间监察神”、“一家之主”等文字,以表明灶神的地位。两旁贴上“上天言好事,下界保平安”的对联,以保佑全家老小的平安。古代,从腊八开始就有了年的征兆,俗语便说“腊八大如年”,可见腊八当时的重要性。北方有句民谚:“腊七腊八,冻掉下巴。”意思是说腊八前后的两天是一年中最冷的。

48. The image of the Kitchen God still has the calendar for the current year printed on it, with inscriptions such as "Lord of the Eastern Kitchen," "Divine Supervisor of the World," and "Head of the Family," to indicate the status of the Kitchen God. On both sides, couplets reading "Speak good things to heaven, protect peace on earth" are pasted to bless the safety of the whole family. In ancient times, the signs of the New Year began from the Laba Festival, as the saying goes, "The Laba Festival is as important as the New Year." This shows the significance of the Laba Festival at that time. In the north, there is a folk saying: "Laba Festival, the coldest time of the year." This means that the two days before and after the Laba Festival are the coldest days of the year.

49. 大年三十看皇历 —— 没日子啦

49. On the Eve of the Chinese New Year, consult the almanac — there's no time left!

50. 大年夜看历本 —— 呒不日脚

50. Looking at the almanac on the New Year's Eve — there's no day to rest.

51. 二十八，把面发。

51. Twenty-eight, knead the dough.

52. 除夕是指一年最后一天的晚上,与春节首尾相连,是“一夜连双岁,五更分二年”的重要时刻。“除”是“去”的意思,除夕的意思就是“月穷岁尽”,表示旧岁至此而除,来年另换新岁。除夕之夜是年节的第一个高潮。

52. The New Year's Eve refers to the evening of the last day of the year, which is connected to the Spring Festival, and is an important moment known as "one night connecting two years, and five watches dividing two years." The character "除" means "to go away" or "to remove," so the New Year's Eve signifies "the end of the month and the end of the year," indicating that the old year has come to an end and a new year is about to begin. The night of the New Year's Eve is the first climax of the New Year celebrations.

53. 年到二十七，雪上加霜债主逼。

53. By the age of 27, debt piles up with creditors pressuring on.

54. “新年到,放鞭炮:一响鸿运照;二响忧愁抛;三响烦恼消;四响财运到;五响收入高;六响身体好;七响心情妙;八响平安罩;九响幸福绕;十响事业节节高!”

54. "The New Year arrives, let off firecrackers: one sound brings prosperity; two sounds cast away worries; three sounds eliminate烦恼; four sounds bring wealth; five sounds increase income; six sounds ensure good health; seven sounds bring a wonderful mood; eight sounds protect safety; nine sounds surround happiness; ten sounds elevate career success!"

55. 一阵胡吵闹，令人不耐烦。

55. A bout of squabbling and noise is quite irritating.

56. 年到二十三，锣鼓一响心就惊。

56. By the age of 56, the sound of drums and gongs startles the heart at the slightest noise.

57. 大年初一死个老鼠 —— 有你过年，没你也过年

57. On the first day of the Chinese New Year, a mouse dies – whether you're here or not, it's still the New Year.

58. 2二十三糖瓜粘，二十四扫房日，二十五去碾谷，二十六去买肉，二十七去宰鸡，二十八把面发，二十九蒸馒首，三十晚上扭一扭，大年初一拱拱手”

58. On the 23rd, sweet melon seeds stick; on the 24th, clean the house; on the 25th, go to grind the rice; on the 26th, buy meat; on the 27th, kill the chickens; on the 28th, let the dough rise; on the 29th, steam the buns; on the evening of the 30th, twist and twist; on the first day of the Chinese New Year, bow your hands."

59. 爆竹一声除旧，桃符万象更新。

59. A single crack of firecrackers marks the end of the old, and the peach blossoms herald a myriad of new beginnings.

60. 梭布七八寸，铜扣买连环。

60. About 7 or 8 inches of sash, copper buckles bought in a chain pattern.

61. 大年初一遇亲友 —— 尽说吉利话

61. On the first day of the Chinese New Year, encountering relatives and friends — speak only auspicious words.

62. 大年初一生娃娃 —— 双喜临门

62. New Year's Day for giving birth to a child —— double happiness at the door

63. 二十七，杀只鸡。

63. Twenty-seven, kill a chicken.

64. “年来到,年来到,闺女要花儿要炮,老婆要个煊棉袄,老头要个新毡帽。”

64. "Year has come, year has come, the daughter wants flowers and firecrackers, the wife wants a warm cotton coat, and the old man wants a new felt hat."

65. 29二十四扫房日，二十五窟窿堵，二十六炖大肉，二十七宰公鸡，二十八白面发，二十九贴倒有，三十晚上坐一宿。

65. The 24th is the day for sweeping the house, the 25th for plugging the holes, the 26th for stewing a big piece of meat, the 27th for slaughtering a rooster, the 28th for making dough rise, the 29th for pasting the inverted, and the 30th is spent sitting all night.

66. 大年夜看日历 —— 没日子

66. Looking at the calendar on New Year's Eve — without a day.

67. 将把新年过，衣服要周全。

67. Will celebrate the New Year, make sure to have complete clothing.

68. 年三十夜拨算盘 —— 满打满算

68. On the New Year's Eve, counting the abacus — counting to the fullest.

69. 大年初一吃豆腐 —— 不想

69. Eating tofu on the first day of the Chinese New Year —— don't want to.

70. 不怕贼偷，就怕贼惦记。

70. It's not the thief stealing that's a worry, but the thief always thinking about it.

71. 过年娶媳妇 —— 双喜临门

71. Getting married during the New Year — double joy!

72. 妮要坠子戴，小要核桃玩。

72. Ni wants to wear the pendant, Xiao wants to play with the walnuts.

73. 三十晚上熬一宿。

73. Stay up all night on the 30th.