1. 犬马之劳：古时臣子对君主常自比为犬马，表示愿意象犬马那样替主子奔走效劳。现在用"犬马之劳"表示心甘情愿为别人效劳。

1. The toil of dogs and horses: In ancient times, court officials often likened themselves to dogs and horses in their devotion to the emperor, expressing their willingness to run and serve like dogs and horses. Nowadays, "the toil of dogs and horses" is used to indicate a willing and eager attitude to serve others.

2. 走马看花大略观看事务外象，无暇细究其底蕴。

2. A cursory glance at the surface of affairs, without the time or leisure to delve into their essence.

3. 竹披双耳峻，风入四蹄轻。杜甫

3. Bamboo cloak with double ears is steep, wind enters the four hooves with lightness. Du Fu

4. 牛溲马勃：年溲，是车前草；马勃，是马屁泡，一种菌类植物。两种极普通而廉价的中草药。比喻东西虽不值钱，却有用处。

4. Cow Urine and Horse Fungus: The "year urine" refers to the plant known as Xian Cao (Plantain Seed), while "horse fungus" is a type of mushroom known as "horse's bubble." Both are very common and inexpensive Chinese herbal medicines. The idiom compares something that may not be valuable in terms of money but is still useful.

5. 赤兔无人用，当须吕布骑。李贺

5. The Red Rabbit has no one to ride it; it must be Liu Bei's turn. Li He.

6. 射人先射马，擒贼先擒王。杜甫

6. First shoot the horse when shooting at a person, and first capture the king when catching a thief. Du Fu

7. 疲马不畏鞭，暮途知几千。梅尧臣

7. A weary horse does not fear the whip, knowing the thousands of miles ahead in the twilight journey. — Mei Yaochen

8. 金戈铁马表示军队装备很好，作战力非常强;或喻战争。

8. "Jin ge tie ma" signifies that the military is well-equipped and has a strong combat power; or it metaphorically refers to war.

9. 好马不吃回头草。 好马不停蹄，好牛不停犁。

9. A good horse does not eat the grass it turned back on. A good horse does not stop in its tracks, and a good bull does not stop plowing.

10. 车水马龙：车马往来不绝，形容热闹、繁华的景象。

10. Busy with traffic: A continuous flow of carriages and horses, describing a bustling and prosperous scene.

11. 马虎：指办事随便，不认真；或形容事物和东西还凑合，将就，大体可以。

11. Haphazard: refers to being casual and not serious in handling affairs; or describes things and objects as being just about acceptable, making do, and generally passable.

12. 马放南山：战争结束了，战马无用了，放开它自由奔往山野。形容一种在和平环境里人们对战争威胁的麻痹松懈思想。

12. "Horse at South Mountain": When the war is over and the war horses are no longer needed, release them to run freely in the mountains. This idiom describes a state of complacency and laziness among people in a peaceful environment, regarding the threat of war.

13. 人困马乏：人马都困乏了，形容体力疲劳不堪。

13. People and horses are exhausted: Both people and horses are tired and exhausted, describing an overwhelming physical fatigue.

14. 马不打不奔，不人激不发。 马至滩，不加鞭。

14. If you don't hit a horse, it won't gallop; if you don't stir a person, he won't be stirred. When a horse reaches the riverbank, don't use the whip.

15. 盲人瞎马 招兵买马 悬崖勒马 塞翁失马 香车宝马 伯乐相马 千军万马 厉兵秣马 非驴非马 单枪匹马

15. Blind horse and blind man / Recruitment of soldiers and horses / Pulling the horse to a halt at the edge of a cliff / The old man lost his horse but gained a filly / The carriages are all fine and handsome / Buda selects horses / Ten thousand soldiers and horses / Sharpening the weapons and feeding the horses / Not a donkey, not a horse / A single gun and a horse

16. 匈奴贵族不甘心在河南地的失败，一心想把朔方重新夺回去，所以在几年内多次出兵，但都被汉军挡了回去。公元前 124年春，汉武帝命卫青率三万骑兵从高阙出发；苏建、李沮、公孙贺、李蔡都受卫青的节制，率兵从朔方出发；李息、张次公率兵由右北平出发。这次总兵力有十几万人。匈奴右贤王认为汉军离得很远，一时不可能来到，就放松了警惕。卫青率大军急行军

16. The noble class of the Huns were not content with their defeat in the Henan region and were determined to reclaim the Shuofang. Therefore, they launched multiple military campaigns within a few years, but were all repelled by the Han army. In the spring of 124 BC, Emperor Wu of Han ordered Wei Qing to lead a force of 30,000 cavalry from the Gaque Pass; Su Jian, Li Ju, Gongsun He, and Li Cai were under Wei Qing's command and led their troops from Shuofang; Li Xi and Zhang Ci Gong led their troops from Youpingbei. This time, the total strength of the army was over one hundred thousand. The Right Chieftain of the Huns believed that the Han army was far away and would not be able to arrive soon, so he relaxed his vigilance. Wei Qing led the large army to make a rapid march.

17. 草枯鹰眼疾，雪尽马蹄轻。王维

17. The grass withers and the eagle's eyes grow sharp; as the snow melts, the horse's hooves tread lightly. - Wang Wei

18. 汉武帝为表彰卫青、霍去病的大功，特加封他们为大司马,且霍去病与卫青待遇相同。

18. In order to honor Wei Qing and Huo Qubing for their great achievements, Emperor Han Wu decreed to appoint them as Grand Marshals, and treated Huo Qubing with the same待遇 as Wei Qing.

19. 马工枚速：马其实是司马相如的称，指西汉时期两著名的辞赋作家司马相如和枚皋二人写文章，一个写得工稳而标准，一个写得快速。用以称赞各有所长。

19. Ma Gong Mian Su: "Ma" actually refers to Ma Xiangru, indicating that during the Western Han Dynasty, the two famous prose and poetry writers Ma Xiangru and Mei Gao were writing articles. One wrote in a stable and standard style, while the other wrote quickly. This is used to praise their respective strengths.

20. 秣马厉兵：厉是磨的意思，兵是兵器；秣是喂养。把兵器磨好，把马喂好，形容准备战斗。

20. To train the soldiers and prepare the horses: "厉" means to grind or sharpen, "兵" refers to weapons, and "秣" means to feed. This idiom describes the preparation for battle, involving sharpening weapons and feeding horses.

21. 公元前 129年，匈奴又一次兴兵南下，前锋直指上谷（今河北省怀来县）。汉武帝果断地任命卫青为车骑将军，迎击匈奴。从此，卫青开始了他的戎马生涯。

21. In 129 BC, the Xiongnu launched another southern campaign, with their vanguard directly targeting Shangyu (now in Huailai County, Hebei Province). Emperor Wu of Han decisively appointed Wei Qing as the General of Chariots and Cavalry to confront the Xiongnu. From then on, Wei Qing embarked on his military career.

22. 森牛流马 声色犬马 乌焉成马 脱缰之马 毁车杀马 呼牛作马 骑马找马

22. Shenniu and Liuma, the horses with sounds and colors; Wu Yan becomes a horse; the horse that has broken its bridle; destroying the carriage and killing the horse; calling a cow as a horse; looking for a horse while riding a horse.

23. 朱蹄骄柳陌，金镫丽花钿。王阮

23. Zhu Ti Jiao Liu Mo, Jin Ding Li Hua Tian. Wang Ruan. (Note: This seems to be a line from classical Chinese poetry or literature. "朱蹄骄柳陌" refers to a scene with horses' red hooves and proud willows along the path, "金镫丽花钿" describes the beautiful gold lanterns and flower ornaments, and "王阮" is likely a name or a reference to someone. The translation attempts to maintain the poetic and literary nature of the original text.)

24. 马市：唐代以后的封建政府以金帛或茶盐等同少数民族换马的市场。

24. Horse Market: After the Tang Dynasty, feudal governments exchanged horses with ethnic minorities using gold, silk, tea, salt, and other commodities.

25. 马大哈：粗心大意的人，办事不认真，或经常丢三拉四，被人戏称为"马大哈"。

25. Madaoha: A person who is careless, not serious about their work, or often forgets things, and is playfully called "Madaoha."

26. 马齿徒长只喻只是年龄徒然加大，但没有大作为。

26. The phrase "马齿徒长" merely signifies that one's age has increased without any significant achievements.

27. 马后炮：没有先见之明，事情发生后才想出主意，人们借用象棋术语，称为"马后炮"。

27. After the fact: Lacking foresight, coming up with ideas only after an event has occurred. People borrow the term from the Chinese game of chess and call it "after the fact".

28. 相马失之瘦，相士失之贫。司马迁

28. In assessing horses, one mistakes them for being thin; in assessing scholars, one mistakes them for being poor. — Sima Qian

29. 汗马功劳：汗马，指骑马作战时马跑得大汗淋漓。比喻征战的劳苦。原指在战争中立下的功劳，现在也指在各种工作或事情上作出的贡献。

29. Horseback labor: "Horseback" refers to a horse sweating profusely during battle. It is a metaphor for the hardships of warfare. Originally, it referred to the merit gained in war, but now it also refers to contributions made in various types of work or affairs.

30. 良马不念秣，烈士不苟营。张籍

30. Good horses do not forget the oats, heroic souls do not compromise in their endeavors. Zhang Ji.

31. 声色犬马：声色，指歌声和女色。犬马指养狗和骑马玩。形容一种荒*放浪的生活。

31. "Lavish pleasures and pastimes": "Sound and color" refers to songs and female beauty, while "dog and horse" refers to keeping dogs and riding horses for entertainment. It describes a lifestyle of extravagance and licentiousness.

32. 秣马厉兵磨快武器，喂饱战马，准备战斗；也泛指事前积极的准备。

32. Sharpen the weapons, feed the horses, prepare for battle; also generally refers to active preparations before an event.

33. 盲人瞎马：瞎子骑着瞎马，比喻乱撞瞎闯，非常危险。

33. Blind man riding a blind horse: A metaphor for blundering about recklessly, which is extremely dangerous.