1. 后生爱雅，食老爱咸整。（年轻时候注重仪表爱打扮，年纪大了更注重饮食）

1. The young love elegance, the old love salt and tidiness. (In youth, one pays attention to appearance and fashion; as one gets older, they pay more attention to diet.)

2. “无可奈何炊甜粿”是一句潮汕俗谚。清代潮人到南洋谋生者，每次过洋，快者须十几天，如遇大风浪行程则难预料。故潮人过番者，定叫家人炊甜粿（红糖年糕），因甜粿不易变质，携带方便，可以它作粮。

2. "无可奈何炊甜粿" is a folk saying from Chaozhou and Shantou. During the Qing Dynasty, those from Chaozhou who sought to make a living in South-east Asia would have to cross the ocean each time, with the journey taking as little as ten days for the quicker ones, but it could be unpredictable if they encountered strong winds and waves. Therefore, those who went abroad from Chaozhou would definitely instruct their families to cook sweet rice cakes (sweet glutinous rice cakes made with brown sugar), as sweet rice cakes are not prone to spoilage and are convenient to carry, making them suitable as food supplies.

3. 未吃端午粽，寒衣不可送;吃了端午粽，还要冻三冻。

3. If you haven't eaten the Dragon Boat Festival zongzi (sticky rice dumplings), don't send cold clothes; if you've eaten the Dragon Boat Festival zongzi, you still need to endure the cold for three more days.

4. 三斤猫嘎四斤老鼠。（指不自量力，不靠谱，硬做自己能力外的事情）

4. Three pounds of cats chase four pounds of mice. (This refers to being overambitious, untrustworthy, and stubbornly doing things beyond one's abilities.)

5. 午时水饮一嘴，较好补药吃三年 。

5. Drinking a sip of water at noon is better than taking the best medicine for three years.

6. 三九乱穿衣。（阴历三月和九月穿的衣服没有季节性）

6. The clothing is chaotic during the 3rd and 9th lunar months. (Clothing worn in the 3rd and 9th lunar months lacks seasonal appropriateness.)

7. 无祸惹鸡怠。（指自讨苦吃，自作自受，鸡怠是一种米糠里的小虫，使人极痒）

7. "No trouble惹鸡怠." (This refers to getting oneself into trouble or suffering the consequences of one's own actions. "鸡怠" is a small insect found in rice chaff that causes intense itching.)

8. 暗静欢喜唔敢笑。（喜在心中不敢出声）

8. Hidden joy, dare not laugh (Joy is in the heart, dare not make a sound).

9. 黄忠叫阵—不服老 草船借箭—满载而归

9. Huang Zhong challenges the enemy — not willing to admit old age Borrowing arrows with a grass boat — returning fully loaded

10. 虎头铁丁尾。（与虎头蛇尾近义，比喻办事时开头凶猛，后来懒散。）

10. Head like a tiger, tail like iron. (Similar to "start like a tiger, finish like a snake," it比喻指做事开头猛烈，后来却懒散。)

11. 惊到倒头爬。（吓得腿发软不能行走，用爬但还爬错了方向）

11. So scared that he fell over and crawled. (Scared to the point where his legs were too weak to walk, and he crawled but in the wrong direction.)

12. 有目哭无目汁。（喻欲哭无泪或咎由自取）

12. There are eyes to cry with, but no tears. (Figuratively, it means being unable to cry due to lack of tears or suffering the consequences of one's own actions.)

13. 脚仓堵椅嘴堵饭（不帮忙理家务就知道吃饭）

13. Foot storage, chair mouth, food storage (only knows how to eat and doesn't help with housework)

14. 有嘴担北人，无嘴担胶已。（对自己和别人双重标准，宽已严人）

14. Those with a mouth bear the burden of the north, those without a mouth bear the burden of rubber. (Applying double standards, lenient towards oneself and strict towards others.)

15. 人家食物配，人少做工课。（人少的话就不能互相推诿和依赖）

15. With fewer people, the work is done with ease. (With fewer people, there is no room for shirking and relying on others.)

16. 从暹罗皮到猪槽。（指谈话时东拉西扯，不着边际，天马行空）

16. From Siamese cat to pig trough. (Refers to a conversation that wanders aimlessly, off-topic, and incoherently, like a flying horse in the sky.)

17. 独猫起大厝。（传说家猫单生是幸运之兆，有钱建房）

17. A solitary cat builds a large house. (It is a legend that a single cat at home is a sign of good luck, indicating wealth to build a house.)

18. 茶薄人情厚。（受到热情招待，就不会嫌茶水清淡）

18. The tea is light, but the hospitality is deep. (If you are warmly received, you won't mind the lightness of the tea.)

19. 食哩抢头前，做哩退后畔。（吃饭勤快，工作懒惰，指懒人重食。）

19. Eat eagerly, work lazily. (Refers to a lazy person who is greedy for food.)

20. 开门七件事（指柴米油盐酱醋茶）

20. The seven things to attend to when opening the door (referring to firewood, rice, oil, salt, soy sauce, vinegar, and tea).

21. 力唔着势输过懒。（卖力不讨好还不如不做）

气的翻译是： 21. No strength, no power, lose to laziness. (Putting in effort but not getting any appreciation is worse than not doing anything at all.)

22. 许多潮汕人渡洋抵岸之后，第一时间就给家里写信报平安。如潮安陈厝垅的陈金炳，他在1936年十一月初一抵达马来西亚之后，初三就给母亲寄出平安信，并向亲友先借6元寄给母亲，好让母亲放心。泰国潮侨杨捷寄给家乡澄海冠山乡妻子的“番批”中有国币5万元和一句血泪语———“见信切赎回我女”，这“番批”款成了救命钱。

22. Many Chaozhou-Shantou people, after arriving in a foreign country, write home to their families for peace of mind as their first priority. For example, Chen Jinbing from Chen Cuolong in Chao'an sent a letter of safety to his mother as early as the third day of the first month of 1936 after arriving in Malaysia. He first borrowed 6 yuan from his relatives and friends to send to his mother to put her mind at ease. In a "penny letter" sent to his wife in the hometown of Guanghai County, Shan Mountain Village in Thailand, the Chaozhou overseas Chinese, Yang Jie, included 50,000 national currency and a blood-tear phrase — "Upon receiving this letter, please redeem my daughter." The money from this "penny letter" became a lifesaving sum.

23. 面皮厚过街路石。（指厚脸皮）

23. Thicker-skinned than the street pavement. (Refers to having a thick face, i.e., shameless or thick-skinned.)

24. 豆酱无虫，世上无人。（喻是必然现象，但实际上是因为不卫生才长虫）

24. There are no bugs in the soy sauce; there is no one in the world. (This is a metaphor for an inevitable phenomenon, but in reality, the bugs appear due to unsanitary conditions.)

25. 潮汕地区向海外移民的历史悠久，据载元代以前就有，故历来乡情、亲情、族情甚重。潮人“父母在，不远游”、“骨肉相附”的传统思想根深蒂固，谁愿远离家乡谋生？但韩江三角洲，古时方圆不足900平方公里，仅占全区总面积的30%，余者均为山地丘陵，东南面则是一望无边的大海，故有“其为屿者十之三，其为水者又十之四，可耕之土无几”之说。

25. The history of overseas migration in the Chaoshan region is long-standing, dating back to before the Yuan Dynasty. Therefore, the emotional ties of hometown, family, and clan have always been very important. The traditional thought of the Chaoshan people, "Do not travel far when your parents are alive," and "be attached to one's kin," is deeply rooted. Who would want to leave their hometown to make a living? However, the韩江 delta was only about 900 square kilometers in ancient times, accounting for only 30% of the total area of the region. The rest is mountainous and hilly, and to the southeast lies an endless sea. Hence, there is a saying, "Ten percent are islands, and another ten percent are water, with very little arable land."

26. 目刺毛着知打浮。（指不能放松警惕，时刻清醒，也用于吵架时放狠话）

26. A stab in the eye knows how to hit the floating target. (This refers to not relaxing vigilance, always being alert, and is also used when making fierce remarks during an argument.)

27. 司命公直奏。（将人家的过错向上直告）

27. The Minister of Fate directly reports on others' faults.

28. 据《潮汕侨批简史》载：仅仅在1869年到1948年，潮汕过番总人数就达580余万。到20世纪末，人数猛增至1000多万，这一数字，相当于目前潮汕本土的人口数，故有“国内一个潮汕，国外一个潮汕”之说。

28. According to the "Brief History of Chaozhou and Shantou Overseas Remittances," it is recorded that from 1869 to 1948, the total number of people who left Chaozhou and Shantou for overseas reached over 5.8 million. By the end of the 20th century, the number surged to over 10 million, which is equivalent to the current population of Chaozhou and Shantou on the mainland. Hence, there is a saying that "There is one Chaozhou and Shantou in the country and another one overseas."

29. 无好家神通外鬼。（指吃里扒外，胳膊往外拐）

29. "No good at home, evil spirits outside." (Refers to being a traitor, favoring the outside over the inside.)

30. 嘴灵嘴精，虱母生到筐。（只会说不会干，或者乱干）

30. A clever tongue, the mother of lice is born in a basket. (This means someone who is only good at talking but not at doing anything practical, or someone who does things in a haphazard manner.)

31. 手心内写个火字。（以火烧赤壁的故事喻英雄所见相同）

31. Write the character "fire" inside the palm of your hand. (This metaphorically illustrates the idea that heroes have the same insights, using the story of the fire that burned the Red Cliffs.)

32. 孔明大摆空城计——化险为夷 ‘

32. Kongming's Empty City Strategy – Turning Danger into Safety

33. 做一日洗被，免百日洗脚。（说的是懒人不讲究卫生）

33. Do one day's laundry, and you won't have to wash your feet for a hundred days. (This is saying that lazy people do not pay attention to hygiene.)

34. 正是这样，国内的潮汕人，有相当一部分靠“番批”过日子，故有“番批钱银唐山福”的俗语，“番批”成为潮汕人生活之所系、亲情之纽带。

34. It is just like this that a considerable number of Chaozhou people in the country rely on "fanpi" to make a living, hence the popular saying "Fanpi money and silver brings happiness to Tangshan," making "fanpi" the lifeline of Chaozhou people and the bond of their kinship.

35. 未吃五月节粽，破裘唔甘放。（潮汕地区，端午节前的天气还不稳定，到了端午节才算是真正的夏天，才能完完全全放下棉袄）

35. If you haven't eaten the Dragon Boat Festival zongzi, you won't be willing to put away your down jacket. (In the Chaoshan region, the weather before the Dragon Boat Festival is still unstable. It's not until the Dragon Boat Festival that it counts as the real summer, and then you can completely put away your cotton jacket.)

36. 1876年前后，潮汕各地的“猪仔馆”、“咕哩行”多达20余家。潮汕人走投无路，被迫过洋谋生，相关“过番歌”甚多，如：

36. Around 1876, there were more than 20 "piglet shops" and "coolie agencies" in various areas of Chaozhou and Shantou. People from Chaozhou and Shantou were desperate and had to go abroad to make a living, and there were many related "cross-the- ocean songs," such as:

37. 立秋处暑，皮肉孬烧堵。（指天气很热，睡觉都想单睡）

37. The days of Lìqiū (Start of Autumn) and Chǔshǔ (Slight Cold), the skin and flesh feel like burning blockades. (This refers to the very hot weather, where even while sleeping, one wants to sleep alone.)

38. 猫鼠心肝，头食头拖。（用老鼠的行为比喻贪婪可耻）

38. The cat and the mouse, heads eating and tails dragging. (Using the behavior of mice to metaphorically describe greed as despicable.)

39. 吾死大破相（不死也得大病一场）

39. If I were to die, it would be a great catastrophe (if I don't die, I would have to suffer from a serious illness anyway).

40. 担梯看唔见数簿。（用来讽刺那些做了亏心事，却耍尽花招来愚弄别人的人。）

40. The ladder cannot see the ledger. (Used to satirize those who have done wrong and resort to all sorts of tricks to deceive others.)

41. 做生理嘴。（像生意人一样能说善辩，或说话天花乱坠，不可轻易相信）

41. Be a physiological mouth. (As someone who is eloquent and persuasive like a businessman, or speaks in a way that sounds overly charming, do not believe them easily.)

42. 鸡囝啄米碎，力啄一鸡胃。（比喻只要勤快，就可以积少成多）

42. Chickens peck at rice grains, and with great effort, a single chicken can fill its stomach. (This is a metaphor for the idea that with diligence, one can accumulate a little and become much.)

43. 肚饱猪脚柴柴，肚困番薯胶胶。（不同条件下对外物的要求不一样）

43. Stomach full, pork feet are delicious; stomach tired, sweet potatoes are sticky. (People have different demands on external things under different conditions.)

44. “过番歌”的作者为广大潮汕民众，他们诉说着自己的苦难生活、悲惨遭遇，揭露旧社会的罪恶，以亲身体会唱出自己的心声，听者与歌者同悲、同愁、同欢乐……细细品味“过番歌”，对比潮人今天和往日的生活，让人别有一番滋味在心头。

44. The author of the song "Oversea Journey" is the people of Chaozhou and Shantou region. They sing about their own hardships and tragic experiences, exposing the crimes of the old society, and express their heartfelt feelings through their personal experiences. The listeners and singers share in their sorrow, worry, and joy... Delving into the song "Oversea Journey" and comparing it with the lives of the Chao people today and in the past, one can't help but feel a unique taste in one's heart.

45. 这首歌表现潮人有“生性好聚，聚必有乐”的品性。他们过洋在外谋生，既相互团结帮助，又不强求于人，靠自己“骨头生肉”、刻苦勤奋和聪慧才智。乐时乐，苦时也乐，歌为心声，这就是潮汕“过番歌”的内涵。

45. This song reflects the character of the people from Chaozhou, who are known for their love of gatherings and the joy that comes with them. They live abroad to make a living, where they are united and help each other, yet they do not impose on others, relying on their own hard work, diligence, and intelligence. They find joy in both happiness and hardship, and the song is a reflection of their inner voice. This is the essence of the Chaozhou "overseas song."

46. 兵头将尾。（以兵先于将上场，喻贤人先当兵后当将，或能者慢登场）

46. Front-line soldiers and back-row officers. (Referring to the scenario where soldiers enter the battlefield before the officers, this metaphor implies that virtuous people may start as soldiers before becoming officers, or that talented individuals may enter the scene more slowly.)

47. 未死拉做细（对老顽童的鄙视）

47. You're not even dead yet, and you're already getting thin (a look of disdain towards the old mischievous child)

48. 端午佳节，菖蒲插屋。端午节卖菖蒲 。

48. On Dragon Boat Festival, chrysanthemum leaves are inserted into the house. Selling chrysanthemum leaves on the Dragon Boat Festival.

49. 张飞拆桥—有勇无谋 阿斗的江山—白送

49. Zhang Fei destroying the bridge — brave but lacking in strategy; Liu Bei's kingdom — a gift given away.

50. 更多端午节相关内容

51. 清明 插柳，端午插艾。

50. More about Dragon Boat Festival-related content 51. Qingming Festival - planting willow branches, and on Dragon Boat Festival, planting mugwort.

52. 宽时物，紧时用。（劝人不要随便丢弃用物）

52. When times are easy, hold onto things; when times are hard, use them. (A saying advising people not to casually discard items.)

53. 庵埠老爷大细目。（指对人对事不公正，偏心眼）

53. Mr. Anpu is a big shot. (Refers to someone who is unfair and biased in their treatment of people and things.)

54. 富贵出凶年。（社会动荡，财产重新分配，有人巨富）

54. Prosperity brings about turbulent years. (Social unrest, property redistribution, and some people become extremely wealthy)

55. 衫破正是衣，亩死正是妻。（指失去方觉得珍贵）

55. A torn shirt is still a garment, a dead亩 is still a wife. (This refers to the realization of value after loss.)

56. 随着“闯南洋”、“溜乌水”的人多了，行业性的“侨批局”应运而生，如较早期的有新加坡潮商黄继英创立的“致成批馆”和澄海黄松亭设在汕头的“余庄批局”。无论早期的“水客”还是晚期的“批局”，递送“番批”都是靠往返南洋、潮汕的“红头船”带送。据老辈人回忆：“往年农历九月，台风少，红头船从南洋返来，澄海樟林港就拍锣拍鼓迎接，比过年过节还热闹。”故民间有俗语云：“九月尾，铜锣澎澎叫。”有“过番歌”这样唱道：

56. With the increase of people going to Southwestern Asia and floating on the Wusui River, industry-specific "Overseas Chinese Letter Agencies" emerged accordingly. For example, the earlier ones include the "Zhi Cheng Letter Agency" founded by the Singaporean Teochew businessman Huang Jiying and the "Yu Zhuang Letter Agency" set up in Shantou by Huang Songting from Chenghai. Whether it was the early "water couriers" or the later "letter agencies," delivering the "Overseas Letters" relied on the "Red-Headed Boats" that traveled back and forth between Southwestern Asia and Chaoshan. According to the memories of the older generation: "Last year in the ninth lunar month, there were fewer typhoons, and the red-headed boats returned from Southwestern Asia. The port of Zhanglin in Chenghai welcomed them with drums and gongs, more lively than New Year's Day or the Lantern Festival." Hence, there is a folk saying: "In the late September, the copper锣is pounding loudly." The "Overseas Journey Songs" sing like this:

57. 背起包袱过暹罗（泰国），走去暹罗牵猪哥（牵公猪配种），

57. Carry the burden across Siam (Thailand), go to Siam to lead the boar (to mate with the sow).

58. 张飞绣花—粗中有细 关羽赴宴—有胆有魄

58. Zhang Fei embroidery - rough with a fine touch; Guan Yu attending a banquet - brave and bold.

59. 食胆大，死胆细。（指贪食怕死。）

59. Bold in eating, timid in death. (Refers to someone who is greedy for food and afraid of death.)

60. 草鱼头，鲤姑喉。（潮汕人认为草鱼的头、鲤鱼的喉咙最好吃）

60. The head of the grass carp and the throat of the crucian carp are the most delicious parts. (The people of Chaozhou believe that the head of the grass carp and the throat of the crucian carp are the tastiest parts.)

61. 张无三日新娘样（以前新娘初嫁是要安静贤惠，指新娘过门之后没几天就打回原形了。）

61. The bride looks different after three days (In the past, a newlywed bride was expected to be quiet and virtuous, implying that the bride would revert to her original character shortly after marriage.)

62. 面白嘴白，手底无脉。（手心本来就没有脉博，此为调皮话）

62. Talkative and eloquent, with no pulse in the palm. (The palm does not naturally have pulse points; this is a playful remark.)

63. 曹操转胎—疑心重 曹操用人—唯才是举

63. Cao Cao's suspicion of others — he was overly suspicious; Cao Cao's approach to hiring — he favored talented individuals regardless of their background.

64. 初一糕、初二粽、初三螺、初四桃、初五划龙舟。

64. On the first day of the lunar new year, eat cake; on the second day, eat zongzi (sticky rice dumplings); on the third day, eat snails; on the fourth day, eat peaches; and on the fifth day, participate in dragon boat races.

65. 粽子飘香的季节里，我们又一次迎来的 端午节 。关于端午节的 谚语 你知道有多少呢

65. In the season when the zongzi (sticky rice dumplings) are fragrant, we once again welcome the Dragon Boat Festival. How many proverbs about the Dragon Boat Festival do you know?

66. 跳死也坐无头只交椅。（再怎么积极也当不上一把手）

66. Even if you jump to your death, you still sit on an unheaded chair. (No matter how proactive you are, you still won't be the top leader.)

67. 七月七，多年乌，龙眼必。（多年即桃金娘，龙眼即桂圆，天热多水果，也喻成熟或变色）

67. The seventh day of the seventh month, after many years, longans must be ripe. (Many years refers to myrtle, longans refer to dragon eyes, hot weather brings many fruits, also symbolizing ripeness or color change.)

68. 菜头粿，热单畔。（多以此比喻单相思或自以为是）

68. Cai tou gao, re dan pan. (This is often used to比喻 single-hearted love or self-righteousness.)

69. 走仔饲大十八变（女儿养大十八变）

69. "Daughter raised, she undergoes eighteen transformations (a daughter raised becomes as beautiful as a moonlit night)."

70. 细数畏算盘。（积小成多，损耗惊人）

70. Counting the fear of the abacus. (Accumulating a little at a time, the loss is astonishing.)

71. 初一糕、初二粽、初三螺、初四桃、初五划龙舟。(福建)

71. On the first day of the new year, eat cake; on the second day, eat zongzi (sticky rice dumplings); on the third day, eat snails; on the fourth day, eat peaches; on the fifth day, dragon boat races. (Fujian)

72. 北人亩看困肚，北人安看了工。（不是自己的枉费心思也没有用）

72. If the Northman watches the Southman's stomach in distress, the Northman is also watching the Southman's work. (Wasting thoughts on someone else is useless.)