1. 夫兵形象水，水之行避高而趋下，兵之形避实而击虚；水因地而制流，兵因敌而制胜。

1. The nature of soldiers is like water; water flows away from high places and towards low ones, and soldiers avoid the strong and strike at the weak. Water follows the terrain to determine its flow, and soldiers adapt to the enemy to achieve victory.

2. 夫未战而庙算胜者，得算多也；未战而庙算不胜者，得算少也。多算胜，少算不胜，而况于无算乎！

2. If one calculates and plans to win the battle before it begins, it means they have more strategies; if one calculates and plans to lose the battle before it begins, it means they have fewer strategies. More strategies lead to victory, and fewer strategies do not lead to victory. How much more so if there are no strategies at all!

3. 故知胜有五：知可以与战、不可以与战者胜；识众寡之用者胜；上下同欲者胜；以虞待不虞者胜；将能而君不御者胜。此五者，知胜之道也。

3. Therefore, there are five ways to achieve victory: knowing when to fight and when not to fight leads to victory; recognizing the use of having a sufficient or insufficient number of troops leads to victory; victory is achieved when the aspirations of both the high and low are aligned; victory is achieved by preparing for the unforeseen; and victory is achieved when the general is capable and the ruler does not interfere. These five are the ways of knowing victory.

4. 主不可以怒而兴师，将不可以愠而致战；合于利而动，不合于利而止。怒可以复喜，愠可以复悦；亡国不可以复存，死者不可以复生。故明君慎之，良将警之，此安国全军之道也。

4. The sovereign should not send troops out of anger, nor should the general wage war out of resentment; they should move when it is advantageous and stop when it is not. Anger can turn into joy, resentment can turn into pleasure; but a lost country cannot be restored, and the dead cannot be brought back to life. Therefore, wise rulers take heed of this, and good generals are vigilant about it, for this is the way to secure the country and protect the troops.

5. 赏析：这句话出自《孙子兵法·九变篇》。带兵作战的方法是不去依靠敌人不来进犯，而要依靠自己的严阵以待。不要依赖敌人不来进攻，而是要去依靠敌人即便来进攻，也不可以攻破。

5. Analysis: This sentence is from Sun Tzu's "The Art of War" - Chapter on Nine Variations. The method of leading soldiers in battle is not to rely on the enemy not attacking, but to rely on one's own strict readiness. Do not depend on the enemy not attacking; instead, rely on the fact that even if the enemy attacks, they cannot break through.

6. 出自《孙子兵法·兵势第五》。译文双方交战，一方之乱，是因为对方治军更严整:一方怯懦，是因为对方更勇敢。一方弱小，是因为对方更强大。

6. From Sun Tzu's "The Art of War" - Chapter 5, Strategy of Force. Translation: When two sides are engaged in battle, one side's chaos is due to the stricter discipline of the other; one side's timidity is because the other is more brave. One side's weakness is because the other is stronger.

7. 上兵伐谋，其次伐交，其次伐兵，其下攻城。

7. The highest level of warfare is to attack the enemy's plans, the next level is to attack alliances, the next level is to attack the enemy's troops, and the lowest level is to attack cities.

8. 兵者，凶器也，圣人不得已而用之。

8. Arms are凶 weapons, and sages use them only when absolutely necessary.

9. 兵无常势，水无常形，能因敌变化而取胜者，谓之神。

9. Troops do not always fight in the same manner, nor does water always flow in the same form; he who can change with the enemy and thereby achieve victory is called a master.

10. 故兵以诈立，以利动，以分和为变者也。故其疾如风，其徐如林，侵掠如火，不动如山，难知如阴，动如雷震。掠乡分众，廓地分利，悬权而动。先知迂直之计者胜，此军争之法也。

10. Hence, soldiers rely on deception to establish themselves, are moved by interests, and use division and reconciliation as means of change. Therefore, they advance swiftly as the wind, move leisurely as the forest, raid fiercely as fire, remain still as a mountain, are as mysterious as the shadow, and move as thunderclaps. They掠the countryside, divide the population, expand territory, and divide profits. They hang the balance of power and act accordingly. Those who know in advance the tactics of detour and straight advance will win, this is the law of military contention.

11. 胜不骄，败不馁。胸有激雷而面如平湖者，可拜上将军。

11. Do not be proud in victory, nor despondent in defeat. One who harbors a storm of passion in their chest yet maintains a calm and peaceful expression as a tranquil lake, is worthy to be venerated as a great general.

12. 凡地有绝涧、天井、天牢、天罗、天陷、天隙，必亟去之，勿近也。吾远之，敌近之；吾迎之，敌背之。

12. Wherever there are chasms, natural wells, celestial prisons, celestial snares, celestial sinkholes, and celestial gaps, one must immediately avoid them and not approach them. I keep my distance from them, while the enemy gets close; I confront them, while the enemy retreats.

13. 相关语录：兵之情主速，乘人之不及，由不虞之道，攻其所不戒也。

13. Related quotes: The essence of war is speed; taking advantage of the enemy's unpreparedness, attacking along paths they did not expect, and striking where they are unguarded.

14. 出处《孙子兵法·虚实第六》。译文善战者，能控制敌人而决不为敌人所控制。

14. Source: Sun Tzu's "The Art of War" - Chapter 6: Virtual and Real. Translation: A skilled warrior can control the enemy but will never be controlled by the enemy.

15. 屈人之兵而非战也，拔人之城而非攻也，毁人之国而非久也。

15. To subdue an enemy's troops without engaging in battle, to capture a city without attacking it, and to destroy a nation without protracted warfare.

16. 举秋毫不为多力，见日月不为明目，闻雷霆不为聪耳。

16. Not to exert oneself to lift the autumn grass is not because one lacks strength, not to see the sun and the moon is not because one's eyes are not bright, and not to hear thunder is not because one's ears are not sharp.

17. 用兵之法，十则围之，五则攻之，倍则分之，敌则能战之，少则能逃之，不若则能避之。

17. The principles of warfare: if you have ten times the enemy, surround them; if you have five times the enemy, attack them; if you have double the enemy, divide them; if you have as many as the enemy, you can fight them; if you have fewer, you can evade them; if you are inferior, you can avoid them.

18. 故知兵之将，生民之司命，国家安危之主。

18. Therefore, it is known that the general of soldiers is the controller of the fate of the people, the master of the safety and danger of the state.

19. 出自《孙子兵法·始计第一》。译文用兵作战，就是以诡诈欺骗为原则。

19. From Sun Tzu's "The Art of War" - Chapter 1, "The Calculations at the Beginning." Translation: The principle of warfare is to use cunning and deception.

20. 解析：军队的部署好像流水，水的流动由高向低，军队进攻敌人总是要避开敌人坚实之处而进攻薄弱之处。在市场竞争中，也必须注意“避实而击虚”，尽量不要与对手发生正面的硬拼，要集中自己的各种优势资源，攻击竞争对手价值链上最薄弱的部分，一旦找到了竞争对手真正的虚弱之处后开展进攻，会大大增强企业的获胜机会。

20. Analysis: The deployment of the army resembles flowing water, moving from high to low. When the army advances against the enemy, it always avoids the enemy's strongholds and attacks their weakest points. In the market competition, one must also pay attention to "avoiding the strong and attacking the weak." Try not to engage in a direct, head-on confrontation with opponents. Focus on concentrating various advantageous resources, attacking the weakest link in the value chain of competitors. Once the enemy's real weak points are found, launching an offensive will greatly enhance the company's chances of winning.

21. 胸有惊雷，而面不改色者，可拜为上将军也。

21. One who has a thunderous heart but remains unflustered on the surface, is worthy to be enshrined as a great general.

22. 进不求名，退不避罪，唯民是保，而利合于主，国之宝也。

22. Not seeking fame in advance, not shying away from blame in retreat, solely safeguarding the people, and aligning one's interests with the ruler, this is the treasure of the nation.

23. 善战者，先为不可胜，以待敌之可胜；不可胜在己，可胜在敌。

23. A skilled warrior first ensures that they are unbeatable, and then waits for the enemy to be vulnerable; unbeatability lies within oneself, while vulnerability lies within the enemy.

24. 解析：“知己知彼，百战不殆”是孙子兵法最光辉的军事思想之一。不仅仅是战争，在任何斗争中，双方必定都各有优缺点，要赢得竞争对手，必定要先了解自己的优势在哪里，对于对手，要充分了解他的缺点，以进行目的性的攻击，或者制造机会让对手出错，以此战胜。

24. Analysis: "Know yourself and know your enemy, and you will never be defeated in 100 battles" is one of Sun Tzu's most brilliant military thoughts. This principle is not limited to war; in any struggle, both sides will have their own strengths and weaknesses. To win over competitors, one must first understand where their own strengths lie. For the opponent, it is essential to fully comprehend their weaknesses in order to launch targeted attacks, or to create opportunities for the opponent to make mistakes, thereby defeating them.

25. 求其上，得其中，求其中，得其下，求其下，必败。

25. Seek the highest and you will achieve the middle; seek the middle and you will attain the lowest; seek the lowest and you will surely fail.

26. 善战者无赫赫之功，善医者无煌煌之名。

26. A skilled warrior does not boast of great achievements, and a skilled healer does not seek fame.

27. 故其疾如风，其徐如林，侵掠如火，不动如山，难知如阴，动如雷震。掠乡分众，廓地分利，悬权而动。

27. Therefore, its swift movement is like the wind, its slow progress like the trees, its aggressive advance like fire, its immobility like a mountain, its unpredictability like the shadow, and its action like thunder and lightning. It divides the countryside and distributes the population, expands territory and divides the benefits, and moves according to the weighing of rights and wrongs.

28. 翻译：善于对敌作战的人，首先会让自己立于不败之地，然后不放过每个可以战败敌人的机会。

28. Translation: A person skilled in fighting enemies first ensures their own invincibility, then seize every opportunity to defeat the enemy.

29. 用兵之法，无恃其不来，恃吾有以待也；无恃其不攻，恃吾有所不可攻也。

29. The principles of warfare: Do not rely on the enemy not to come, rely on my readiness to wait; do not rely on the enemy not to attack, rely on my unassailable position.

30. 出自《孙子兵法·作战第二》。译文作战最重要、最有利的是速胜，最不宜的是旷日持久。

30. From Sun Tzu's "The Art of War" - Chapter 2: The Most Important and Advantageous Aspect of Warfare is a swift victory, while the most detrimental is an extended duration.

31. 赏析：这句话出自《孙子兵法·兵势篇》。求：追求。责：苛求。任：适应利用。所以善于指挥作战的人，追求形成有利的态势，而不是苛求人力，因而能够选择合适的人去适应和利用已形成的有利态势。

31. Analysis: This sentence is from "Sun Tzu's Art of War - Chapter on Strategic Dispositions". "Seek" means to pursue. "Demand" means to demand harshly. "Take on" means to adapt and utilize. Therefore, a good commander pursues the formation of advantageous dispositions rather than harshly demanding human resources, and thus can choose suitable personnel to adapt to and utilize the already formed advantageous dispositions.

32. 赏析：这句话出自《孙子兵法·谋攻篇》。不了解军队情况，硬要干预军政，那么将士就会迷惑。

32. Analysis: This sentence is from Sun Tzu's "The Art of War" - Chapter on Strategy. If one does not understand the situation of the army and insists on intervening in military and political affairs, then the soldiers and officers will be confused.

33. 行军必是无人之境，交火必是有利地形。

33. Marching must always be into unoccupied territory, and engaging in combat must be on advantageous terrain.

34. 翻译：军队没有固定不变的态势，水也没有固定不变的形状；能够根据敌情变化取胜的，可以称之为深奥莫测的神。

34. Translation: The army does not have a fixed posture, and water does not have a fixed shape; one who can win by adapting to the changing enemy situation can be called a mysterious deity.

35. 相关语录：夫未战而庙算者，得算多也；未战而庙算不胜者，得算少也。多算胜，少算不胜，而况于无算乎！

35. Relevant quotations: He who calculates in the temple before engaging in battle has many calculations; he who calculates in the temple but is unable to win the battle has few calculations. More calculations lead to victory, and fewer calculations do not lead to victory, let alone those with no calculations!

36. 能而示之不能。用而示之不用。乱而取之，实而备之，怒而挠之。

36. Show that you can do something when you actually cannot. Use something when you actually don't need it. Take advantage of chaos, prepare for the real situation, and frustrate someone when they are angry.

37. 凡用兵之法，将受命于君，合军聚合。泛地无舍，衢地合交，绝地无留，围地则谋，死地则战，途有所不由，军有所不击，城有所不攻，地有所不争，君命有所不受。

37. In the rules of warfare, the general receives orders from the ruler and unites the military forces. In vast territories, there is no place to stop; in crossroads, there is a need for alliances; in isolated territories, there is no room for hesitation; in besieged areas, there is a need for strategy; in places of certain death, there is a need for battle; there are paths that should not be taken, forces that should not be engaged, cities that should not be attacked, territories that should not be contested, and orders from the ruler that should not be accepted.