1. 早梅发高树，迥映楚天碧。柳宗元《早梅》

1. Early plum blossoms bloom on high trees, vividly reflecting the azure sky of Chu. -- From Liu Zongyuan's "Early Plum Blossoms"

2. 竹深树密虫鸣处，时有微凉不是风。杨万里《夏夜追凉》

2. In a dense forest of bamboo and trees, where insects chirp, there is a slight coolness, which is not from the wind. From "Chasing Cool in Summer Evenings" by Yang Wanli.

3. 雨中黄叶树，灯下白头人。司空曙《喜外弟卢纶见宿》

3. Rain-soaked yellow leaves on the trees, a white-haired person under the lamp. From Si Kongchu's poem "Ji Wai Di Lu Lun Jian Su" (Pleased to See My Cousin Lu Lun Overnight).

4. 白日不到处，青春恰自来。袁枚《苔》

4. Where the sun does not reach, youth arrives spontaneously. Yuan Mei's poem "Moss"

5. 章台柳，章台柳，昔日青青今在否？韩翃《章台柳·寄柳氏》

5. Changtai willow, Changtai willow, is the green of yesterday still there? Han Hong's "Changtai Willow... Letter to Liu Shi"

6. 此花此叶常相映，翠减红衰愁杀人。李商隐《赠荷花》

6. This flower and leaf always complement each other, yet the green fades and the red wilts, causing sorrow that kills. From Li Shangyin's poem "Presented to the荷花".

7. 攀出墙朵朵花，折临路枝枝柳。关汉卿《一枝花·不伏老》

7. Climbing over the wall, blooming flowers everywhere; breaking off branches along the path, willow twigs everywhere. Guan Hanqing's "One Branch of Flower · Not Yielding to Age."

8. 劳歌一曲解行舟，红叶青山水急流。许浑《谢亭送别》

8. A song of labor sets the boat in motion, red leaves and green mountains flow rapidly. Xu Hun's "Farewell at Xie Pavilion."

9. 遥怜故园菊，应傍战场开。岑参《行军九日思长安故园》

9.远程怜惜故乡的菊花，想必在战场旁盛开。岑参《行军九日思长安故园》。

10. 既然是咏物诗，当然要写所咏之物的形态、色泽、特征，追求贴切逼真，但如果仅仅是客观的描摹，满足于形似，那也不是一首好的咏物诗。也就是说，不但要形似，而且要神似。

10. Since it is a nature poem, of course, it is necessary to describe the form, color, and characteristics of the subject being celebrated, aiming for accuracy and vividness. However, if it is merely an objective depiction, satisfied with mere similarity in appearance, then it is not a good nature poem. In other words, it is not only the physical resemblance that matters, but also the spiritual resemblance.

11. 桃花流水窅然去，别有天地非人间。李白《山中问答》

11. The peach blossoms flow away quietly, leaving behind a realm apart from the world, a place not of this earth. — From "Questions in the Mountains" by Li Bai.

12. 可惜明年花更好，知与谁同？欧阳修《浪淘沙·把酒祝东风》

12. It's a pity that the flowers will be even better next year, but with whom will I share that joy? -- Ouyang Xiu, "Langtaosha · Raise a toast to the east wind"

13. 众芳摇落独暄妍，占尽风情向小园。林逋《山园小梅二首》

13. Amongst the withered flowers, alone the bright and fair shine, fully capturing the charm of the little garden. From Lin Bu's "Two Poems on Little Plum in the Mountain Garden."

14. 四句则写暮春花落，通篇把花人格化。花开时像越女那双水灵灵的眼神和那副白里透红的漂亮的脸蛋，美不胜收。可是好景不长，一到日暮（暮春）百花凋零，落红满径。“可怜”乃惜花伤春之情，也是诗人自伤自悼之词。末句则用拟人的手法写落花身不由已的时候的状态。从表面上看“嫁与东风”是自愿，“不用媒”证明了这一点。其实娇花又何尝愿意离开枝头。“嫁与东风”虽“不用媒”，仍是不自主的事情。花盛开时未嫁，而花凋零时始嫁，则培增惆怅。其实，这是一种悲剧的气氛，却从欣喜的情调来写它。似乎反常，又合乎诗中旨趣之道。联系诗人当时的境况，诗人才不过二十多岁，正当风华正茂，却不被当局所用，怀才不遇，自生自灭，不胜悲凄。细味此情，便知诗人写此诗的良苦用心。

14. The text describes the falling flowers in late spring, anthropomorphizing the flowers throughout. When the flowers bloom, they resemble the bright, watery eyes and the fair, rosy cheeks of a Yue girl, beautiful beyond description. However, the good times do not last long. As evening falls (late spring), all the flowers wither away, and the fallen petals cover the path. "Poor" expresses the sorrow for the flowers and spring, as well as the poet's self-mourn. The last sentence uses personification to describe the state of the falling flowers when they are no longer in control. On the surface, "marrying the east wind" seems to be a voluntary act, and "without a matchmaker" proves this point. In fact, the delicate flowers do not want to leave their branches. "Marrying the east wind" may not require a matchmaker, but it is still an involuntary matter. The flowers are not married when they are in full bloom, but they are married when they wither, adding to the melancholy. In reality, this is a tragic atmosphere, yet it is written in a tone of joy. It seems abnormal, yet it conforms to the spirit of the poem. Considering the poet's situation at the time, the poet was only in their twenties, at the peak of their youth, but was not utilized by the authorities, leading to a sense of being overlooked and left to fend for oneself, which is incredibly sad. A careful appreciation of this emotion reveals the poet's careful intention in writing this poem.

15. 青山如黛远村东，嫩绿长溪柳絮风。高珩《春日杂咏》

15. The distant village east of the dark green mountains, the tender green stream swaying with willow fluff in the wind. A poem from Gao Heng's "Miscellaneous Songs of Spring."

16. 江南几度梅花发，人在天涯鬓已斑。刘著《鹧鸪天·雪照山城玉指寒》

16. How many times have the plum blossoms bloomed in the South of the Yangtze, while my hair has turned gray at the edge of the world. Liu Zhe's poem "Zige Tian · Snow Lights the Mountain City, Cold Fingers"

17. 大雪压青松，青松挺且直。陈毅《青松》

17. Heavy snow burdens the green pines, yet the pines stand tall and straight. — Chen Yi, "Green Pines"

18. 露重飞难进，风多响易沉。无人信高洁，谁为表予心

18. The heavy dew makes it hard for the birds to fly forward, and with many winds, the sound is easily drowned. No one believes in my purity, who will express my innermost thoughts?

19. 创作咏物诗词时，往往有无从下笔之感，似乎没有太多的可以写的内容。这时候，就要学会使用烘托或反衬之法。

19. When writing poems or verses that describe objects, there often arises a sense of not knowing where to start, as if there's not much content to write about. At this point, one needs to learn to use the techniques of setting off or contrasting.

20. 只有一枝梧叶，不知多少秋声。张炎《清平乐·候蛩凄断》

20. There's only a single wu leaf, and the sound of autumn is unknown. From Zhang Yan's "Qingpingyue · Waiting for the cicada's sad song is broken."

21. 苍苍竹林寺，杳杳钟声晚。刘长卿《送灵澈上人》

21. The misty temple stands amidst the bamboo grove, the distant bell sounds in the evening. — From "Sending the Chan Monk Ling Che" by Liu Changqing.

22. 咏物言志是我们古诗中的一种，通过对一些事物的描述来抒发自己内心的情怀感受。

22. Odes to objects expressing one's sentiments is a type of ancient Chinese poetry, which expresses one's inner feelings and emotions through descriptions of certain things.

23. 咏物诗的写作技巧或拟人，或比喻，或正面描写，或侧面烘托等。

23. The writing techniques of odes to objects include personification, metaphor, direct description, or side illumination, and so on.

24. 从诗歌的形式上看，这是一首题画诗，因为郑板桥本来就是一位当时有名的擅长于画竹子的画家，同时他也是一位书法大家和著名诗人，所以他就在自己画的一幅竹石画上，题写了这首七言绝句诗。

24. From the perspective of poetic form, this is a painting poem, as Zheng Banqiao was originally a well-known painter skilled in painting bamboo during his time, and he was also a master of calligraphy and a famous poet. Therefore, he inscribed this seven-character quatrain poem on a bamboo and stone painting that he himself painted.

25. 水满田畴稻叶齐，日光穿树晓烟低。徐玑《新凉》

25. The rice leaves are even across the fields as the water is full, the sunlight pierces through the trees with the morning mist low. A line from Xu Ji's poem "New Coolness".

26. 青青河畔草，郁郁园中柳。佚名《青青河畔草》

26. Green grass by the river bank, lush willows in the garden. An anonymous poem, "Green Grass by the River Bank."

27. 如“本以高难饱，徒劳恨费声。五更疏欲断，一树碧无情。薄宦梗犹泛（行踪漂泊不定），故园芜已平。烦君最相警，我亦举家清。”（李商隐《蝉》）这是一首咏物诗，以蝉喻作者自己。前四句写蝉的艰难处境：由于自命高洁，总是食不果腹；虽然竭尽全力地叫，也是白费精神，得不到同情。这实际是说诗人自己。下面四句则直抒胸臆。三联上句说自己官位低微，无所归依；下句说田园都荒芜了，还做这个官干什么呢？透出要辞官归隐的心意。尾联又把自己的命运和蝉联系起来，从蝉的叫声得到警示，醒悟到自己和蝉一样清苦。作者是怀着崇敬和同情的心情写蝉的，用蝉来警戒自己，要像蝉那样保持清高和廉洁，即使政治环境恶劣，也永远不变初衷。

27. "As the cicada's hunger is hard to satisfy, its sorrowful voice is in vain. At the fifth watch, its voice is faint and about to end, a tree remains indifferent. My official career is unstable, like a boat floating aimlessly, and my hometown is already overgrown with weeds. Please warn me, for I too will lead my family in purity." (Li Shangyin, "The Cicada") This is a poem that describes a thing, using the cicada as a metaphor for the author himself. The first four lines describe the cicada's difficult situation: because of its own self-imposed purity, it is always hungry; although it calls with all its might, it is in vain and does not receive any sympathy. This is actually talking about the poet himself. The next four lines express his true feelings. The first line of the third couplet speaks of his low official position and lack of a place to belong; the second line asks why he should continue to serve as an official when his fields are already overgrown with weeds. It reveals his intention to resign from his official post and retire. The final couplet again connects his own destiny with that of the cicada, drawing a warning from the cicada's call and realizing that he and the cicada share a similar life of hardship. The author wrote about the cicada with reverence and sympathy, using the cicada as a caution to himself, to maintain purity and integrity like the cicada, even in a harsh political environment, never changing his original intention.

28. 荷花开后西湖好，载酒来时。欧阳修《采桑子·荷花开后西湖好》

28. The West Lake is beautiful after the lotus flowers bloom, and I come with wine in hand. — From "Cai Sang Zi · The West Lake Is Beautiful After the Lotus Flowers Bloom" by Ouyang Xiu

29. 池上柳依依，柳边人掩扉。左纬《春晚》

29. The willows by the pool are weeping, and people close the door by the willow. From Zu Wei's "Late Spring."

30. 野竹分青霭，飞泉挂碧峰。李白《访戴天山道士不遇》

30. Bamboo divides the blue mist, the flying spring hangs on the green peak. Li Bai's "Visiting the Taoist Immortal on Mount Tianshan and Not Finding Him."

31. 绿槐烟柳长亭路，恨匆忙分离去。惠洪《青玉案·绿槐烟柳长亭路》

31. Green Osmanthus and misty willow along the long pavilion road, regretting the hasty separation. — Huihong's "Green Jade Case · Green Osmanthus and misty willow along the long pavilion road"

32. 客散酒醒深夜后，更持红烛赏残花。李商隐《花下醉》

32. After the guests disperse and the wine wears off in the deep night, he further holds a red candle to appreciate the withered flowers. -- From "Drunk under the Blossoms" by Li Shangyin.

33. 绿叶青跗映丹萼，与君裴回上金阁。王勃《落花落》

33. Green leaves and blue veins reflect the red calyx, with you I徘徊上金阁. Wang Bo's "Falling Flowers Fall".

34. 教人无处寄相思，落花芳草过前期，没人知。孙光宪《虞美人·好风微揭帘旌起》

34. Teach people no place to deposit their longing, the fallen flowers and fragrant grasses pass the earlier days, no one knows. Sun Guangxian's "Yuyu Meiren · Good Wind Gently Lifts the Curtain Banner"

35. 西陆蝉声唱，南冠客思深。不堪玄鬓影，来对白头吟。

35. The cicadas on the western land sing, the thoughts of the southern hat wearer are profound. Unable to bear the shadow of his dark hair, he comes to recite verses of white hair.

36. 欲黄昏。雨打梨花深闭门。李重元《忆王孙·春词》

36. It is twilight. The rain beats upon the pear blossoms, and the door is firmly shut. Li Chongyuan's "Memories of Wangsun · Spring Poem"

37. 迟日江山丽，春风花草香。杜甫《绝句二首》

37. The rivers and mountains are beautiful in the fading days, the spring breeze carries the fragrance of grass and flowers. Du Fu, "Two Exquisite Quatrains."

38. 梦断香消四十年，沈园柳老不吹绵。陆游《沈园二首》?>

38. "Forty years have passed since dreams have come to an end, and the fragrance has vanished; the willows in Shen Garden are old and no longer shed down their downy seeds." - Lu You, "Two Poems from Shen Garden"

39. 万壑树参天，千山响杜鹃。王维《送梓州李使君》

39. Amidst numerous valleys, trees reach to the sky, and in the thousands of mountains, azaleas sing. From "Sending Lishu, the Magistrate of Zizhou" by Wang Wei.

40. 栖鸦流水点秋光，爱此萧疏树几行。纪映淮《咏秋柳》

40. The Cuckoo's call amidst flowing water marks the autumn light, I cherish these sparse rows of trees. Ji Yinghua's "Praise of the Autumn Willow."

41. 见杨柳飞绵滚滚，对桃花醉脸醺醺。王实甫《十二月过尧民歌·别情》

41. Behold the willow branches shedding down a cascade of fluffy down, and the peach blossoms intoxicating the faces in a rosy blush. From Wang Shifu's "Twelve Months: Song of Yáo People · Farewell"

42. 枣花至小能成实，桑叶虽柔解吐丝。王溥《咏牡丹》

42. Even the tiny jujube flowers can bear fruit, and the soft mulberry leaves can produce silk. From Wang Pu's poem "In Praise of Peonies."

43. 枫叶千枝复万枝，江桥掩映暮帆迟。鱼玄机《江陵愁望寄子安》

43. Maple leaves a thousand branches and ten thousand, the river bridge hides and the evening sail lingers. Yu Xuanji, "Sorrowful Gazing at Jiangling and Sending to Zian."