1. 译文天将要把重要的任务加到某人的身上，一定要先苦恼他的心意，劳动他的筋骨，饥饿他的肠胃，穷困他的身子，他的每一行为总是不如意，这样便可以震动他的心意，坚韧他的性情，增加他的能力。

1. Translation: When heaven is to bestow an important task upon someone, it must first afflict their heart, tire their muscles, starve their stomachs, and impoverish their body. In every aspect, their actions will not be to their liking. In this way, it can shake their heart, toughen their character, and enhance their abilities.

2. 补漏趁天晴，读书趁年轻。

2. Repair leaks when the weather is sunny, and study when you are young.

3. 译文杀一个无罪的人，是不仁；不是自己所有，却去取了过来，是不义。

3. It is unkind to kill an innocent person, and it is unrighteous to take something that does not belong to you.

4. 出门看天色，炒菜看火色。

4. When going out, look at the sky; when stir-frying, watch the color of the flame.

5. 病人心多，忙人事多。

5. There are many sick patients and many busy people.

6. 争地以战，杀人盈野；争城以战，杀人盈城，此所谓率土地而食人肉，罪不容于死。

6. To wage war for land, and the fields are filled with the killed; to wage war for a city, and the city is filled with the dead. This is what is meant by leading the land to eat human flesh, a crime that does not deserve death.

7. 译文一切为着使百姓的生活安定而努力，这样去统一天下，没有人能够阻挡。

7. Translation: All efforts are made to ensure the stability of the people's lives, and through this approach to unify the country, no one can stop it.

8. 君之视臣如手足，则臣视君如腹心；君之视臣如犬马，则臣视君如国人；君之视臣如土芥，则臣视君如寇仇。

8. If a ruler regards his ministers as his own hands and feet, then his ministers will regard the ruler as their own heart and soul; if a ruler regards his ministers as dogs and horses, then his ministers will regard the ruler as a common citizen; if a ruler regards his ministers as dirt and grass, then his ministers will regard the ruler as an enemy.

9. 天降下民，作之君，作之师，惟曰其助上帝宠之。

9. The heavens bestow upon the people their ruler and their teacher, and it is solely to help God show favor to them.

10. 单丝不成线，独木不成林。

10. Single threads do not make a rope, and a single tree does not make a forest.

11. 不当家不知柴米贵，不养儿不知父母恩。

11. One does not know the value of firewood and rice until one does not manage a household, and one does not realize the parents' kindness until one does not raise children.

12. 鼓要打到点上，笛要吹到眼上。

12. The drum should be struck right on the spot, and the flute should be played with precision.

13. 吃饭先喝汤，老了不受伤。

13. Eat with soup first, and you won't get hurt when you're old.

14. 背后不商量，当面无主张。

14. No consultation behind the scenes, no initiative in front of people.

15. 鱼，我所欲也，熊掌亦我所欲也；二者不可得兼，舍鱼而取熊掌者也。生亦我所欲也，义亦我所欲也；二者不可得兼，舍生而取义者也。

15. Fish is what I desire, and so is the bear's paw; but if I cannot have both, I would rather give up the fish for the bear's paw. Life is what I desire, and righteousness is what I desire; but if I cannot have both, I would rather give up my life for righteousness.

16. 译文天子不行仁，便保不住他的天下；诸侯不行仁，便保不住他的国家；卿、大夫不行仁，便保不住他的宗庙；一般的老百姓不行仁，便保不住自己的身体。

16. If the Son of Heaven does not act with benevolence, he cannot keep his empire secure; if the feudal lords do not act with benevolence, they cannot keep their states safe; if the officials and ministers do not act with benevolence, they cannot protect their ancestral temples; and if ordinary people do not act with benevolence, they cannot safeguard their own bodies.

17. 贼仁者谓之“贼”，贼义者谓之“残”。残贼之人谓之“一夫”。闻诛一夫纣，未闻弑君也。

17. Those who are accused of betrayal of benevolence are called "bandits," and those who are accused of betrayal of righteousness are called "cruel." People who are both cruel and bandits are called "a solitary man." I have heard of the execution of a solitary man, King Zhou, but I have never heard of the assassination of a ruler.

18. 有恒产者有恒心，无恒产者无恒心。苟无恒心，放辟邪侈，无不为已。

18. Those who possess a stable source of income have a steadfast will; those who do not have a stable source of income lack a steadfast will. If one lacks a steadfast will, they will indulge in licentiousness and extravagance, and there will be nothing they will not do.

19. 粗饭养人，粗活益身。

19. Rough rice nourishes people, and rough work benefits the body.

20. 译文现在你的厨房里有皮薄膘肥的肉，你的马栏里有健壮的骏马，可是老百姓面带饥色，野外躺着饿死的尸体，这等于是在上位的人率领着禽兽来吃人。

20. Translation: Now, in your kitchen, there is meat with thin skin and plump fat, and in your stable, there are strong, fine horses. However, the common people are suffering from hunger, and there are bodies of the starving lying in the fields. This is as if the people in power are leading beasts to devour humans.

21. 译文自己损害自己的人，不能和他谈出有价值的言语；自己抛弃自己（对自己极不负责任）的人，不能和他做出有价值的事业。

21. One who harms oneself cannot engage in valuable discourse; one who forsakes oneself (and is extremely irresponsible towards oneself) cannot accomplish a valuable undertaking.

22. 粗茶淡饭能养人，破衣破裤能遮寒。

22. Simple tea and plain food can nourish people, tattered clothes and pants can keep the cold away.

23. 灯不拨不亮，理不辩不明。

23. The lamp won't light up if you don't turn the handle, and the truth won't be clear if you don't argue it out.

24. 译文行仁政的就有很多人帮助，不行仁政的就很少有人帮助。帮助他的人少到极点时，连亲戚都反对他；帮助他的人多到极点时，全天下都归顺他。

24. Translation: Those who govern with benevolence have many people to assist them, while those who do not govern with benevolence have very few helpers. When the number of helpers is at its lowest, even relatives will oppose him; and when the number of helpers is at its highest, the entire world submits to him.

25. 译文解说诗的人，不要拘于文字而误解词句，也不要拘于词句而误解原意。用自己切身的体会去推测作者的本意，这就对了。

25. A translator of poems should not be constrained by the literal text and misunderstand the words and phrases, nor should they be constrained by the words and phrases and misunderstand the original meaning. Instead, they should use their own personal insights to deduce the author's original intention, which is the correct approach.

26. 虽有天下易生之物，一日暴之，十日寒之，未有能生者也。

26. Although there are easy-to-grow things in the world, if you expose them to the sun for one day and then let them freeze for ten days, none will survive.

27. 出家三天，佛在面前；出家三年，佛在西天。

27. If you become a monk for three days, the Buddha is in front of you; if you become a monk for three years, the Buddha is in the Western Paradise.

28. 不怕乱如麻，只怕不调查。

28. Do not fear chaos like a tangled mess; what is feared is not conducting investigations.

29. 水不平要流，理不平要说。

29. Water flows when it is uneven, and justice is spoken when it is not fair.

30. 坛口封得住，人口封不住。

30. The mouth of the altar can be sealed, but the mouth of the people cannot be sealed.

31. 惟仁者宜在高位。不仁而在高位，是播其恶于众也。

31. Only the benevolent should hold high positions. It is to disseminate their wickedness among the people if the unbenevolent hold high positions.

32. 译文有一定的产业收入的人才有一定的道德观念和行为准则，没有一定的产业收入的人便不会有一定的道德观念和行为准则。假若没有一定的道德观念和行为准则，就会胡作非为，违法乱纪，什么事都干得出来。

32. People with a certain level of industrial income have a certain sense of morality and code of conduct, while those without a certain level of industrial income will not have a certain sense of morality and code of conduct. If there is no certain sense of morality and code of conduct, they will act arbitrarily, violate laws and regulations, and be capable of doing anything.