1. 俗语和成语，有时候也可能互相转化，并同时存在。例如：

1. Proverbs and idioms can sometimes transform into each other and coexist at the same time. For example:

2. 山河增秀色 大地沐春晖

2. The mountains and rivers add to their beauty, the land沐浴 in the spring sunshine.

3. 译文称一称，才晓得轻重；量一量，才晓得长短。

3. Translation: Weigh it to know its weight; measure it to know its length.

4. ③火烧眉毛顾眼前← →燃眉之急

4. ③The fire is burning the eyebrows; focus on the present situation ← →An urgent matter requiring immediate attention

5. 人生最终的价值在于觉醒和思考的能力，而不只在于生存。 —— 亚里士多德

5. The ultimate value of life lies in the ability to awaken and think, not just in survival. - Aristotle

6. 穷家难舍，熟地难离。

6. It's hard to leave a poor home, and it's hard to part with familiar land.

7. 甲，先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐（书面语）

7. Jia, to worry first about the world's troubles before enjoying its joys (literary language).

8. 译文百姓最为重要，代表国家的土谷之神为次，君主为轻。

8. The translation is: The people are the most important, followed by the deity of the soil and grain representing the state, and then the ruler is considered less important.

9. ---巴斯德 （法国）

9. --- Pasteur (France)

10. 人多出正理，谷多出好米。

10. Many hands make light work, and a full barn yields good grain.

11. 这是俗语的主要内涵，就外延来说，它跟成语难免有交错的情况。俗语虽然以形象为主体，但也不排除精练；成语虽然以精练为特色，但也不排除形象。成语虽然绝大多数是四字结构，但也有一些是由四个以上的字组成的；俗语句式虽然长短不齐，但也有少量是由四个字组成的。俗语虽然多为口语，但已广泛进入文学作品，甚至哲学、科技图书中也经常用到；而随着人们教育水准的提高，成语在口语中也经常使用。这样，俗语跟成语，就可能互相渗透，存在着交错现象。如：

11. This is the main connotation of the proverb, and in terms of extension, it inevitably overlaps with idioms. While proverbs are mainly characterized by vivid imagery, they also do not exclude brevity; idioms, although known for their conciseness, also do not exclude imagery. Although the majority of idioms are four-character structures, there are also some composed of more than four characters; the structure of proverbs, although uneven in length, also includes a few that are made up of four characters. Although proverbs are mostly spoken language, they have been widely incorporated into literary works, even in philosophical and scientific books, where they are frequently used; and with the improvement of people's educational level, idioms are also commonly used in spoken language. Thus, proverbs and idioms may渗透互相，exist in an interlaced phenomenon. For example:

12. 这一部分语句是描述性的，跟总结知识经验的谚语不同，而又无确定的术语，现在只是笼统地称为俗语，实在有必要把它跟谚语区别开来，给它一个确定的名称。

12. This part of the text is descriptive, different from the proverbs that summarize knowledge and experience, and lacks a specific term. Currently, it is only broadly referred to as a folk saying. It is indeed necessary to differentiate it from proverbs and give it a specific name.

13. 必须如蜜蜂一样，采过许多花，这才能酿出蜜来，倘若只叮在一处，所得就非常有限，枯燥了。

13. Just like bees, one must gather from many flowers to be able to make honey; if one only settles on one place, the yield will be very limited and boring.

14. “人心齐，泰山移”，只要大家齐心协力，就没有战胜不了的困难。

14. "United hearts can move mountains," as long as everyone works together, there is no difficulty that cannot be overcome.

15. 这类歇后语，是利用同音字或近音字相谐，由原来的意义引申出所需要的另一个意义。这类歇后语，往往要转几个弯，才能领悟它的意思。因而也更饶有兴味。

15. This type of pun uses homophones or near-sound homophones to harmonize, deriving another meaning needed from the original meaning. This type of pun often requires several twists and turns to understand its meaning, making it all the more interesting.

16. 哪里有天才，我是把别人喝咖啡的功夫都用在工作上。（鲁迅）

16. Where there is genius, I am the one who uses the time others spend drinking coffee to work. (Lu Xun)

17. 译文交朋友时，不依仗自己年纪大，不仗恃自己地位高，不依仗自己兄弟们富贵。（

17. When making friends, do not rely on your age, do not rely on your high position, and do not rely on the wealth and status of your brothers.

18. 狗急跳墙，人急悬梁。

18. When a dog is desperate, it jumps over the wall; when a person is desperate, they hang themselves.

19. 俗语是口语型的，成语是书面语型的。这些语例，兼有俗语和成语的某些特点，看来俗语辞典、成语辞典都可以收录，好在这种情况并不算多。

19. Proverbs are of colloquial type, while idioms are of written language type. These examples have certain characteristics of both proverbs and idioms, so it seems that both the dictionary of proverbs and the dictionary of idioms can include them. Fortunately, such cases are not numerous.

20. 神州有天皆丽日 祖国无处不春风

20. The skies over China are always bright with sun, and the whole country is filled with the spring breeze.

21. 乐民之乐者，民亦乐其乐；忧民之忧者，民亦忧其忧。

21. If you delight in the joys of the people, the people will also delight in your joy; if you share their sorrows, the people will also share your sorrows.

22. 保护环境，人人有责。 树木成阴，空气清新。

22. Protecting the environment is the responsibility of everyone. Trees provide shade, and the air is fresh.

23. ――法国思想家，文学家罗曼？罗兰观察名言8、我知道，潮汐有升有落，也知道，愉悦不能永远停留。但是当它满满呈现面前的时候，我唯一该做的事，就是安静地坐下来，观察它，享受它和感激它。

23. ――The French thinker and文学家 Romain Rolland observes: "I know that tides rise and fall, and I also know that joy cannot remain forever. But when it is fully presented before me, the only thing I should do is to sit quietly, observe it, enjoy it, and be grateful for it."

24. 人哄地皮，地哄肚皮。

24. People please the earth, and the earth pleases the belly.

25. 尽管如此，那真理的海洋还神秘地展现在我们面前。---牛顿（英国）

25. Nevertheless, the ocean of truth remains mysteriously unfolded before us. --- Newton (British)

26. 自暴者，不可与有言也；自弃者，不可与有为也。

26. One who exposes themselves is not fit for discourse; one who forsakes themselves is not fit for action.

27. 作为一个普遍规律，适度的动动脑筋不但不会妨碍医疗，而且正像适度的体力活动一样，反而会间接地促进恢复健康。——达伏斯的大学课程

27. As a general rule, moderate mental exertion not only does not hinder medical treatment, but just like moderate physical activity, it can indirectly promote recovery of health. — Davos University Course

28. 不善思索的有才能的人，必定以悲剧收场。 ——甘必大

28. Talented individuals who do not think deeply are bound to end in tragedy. —— Gambetta

29. 何卓会用于50元钱买了件名牌服装，之后才发现是件假货，真是“占小便宜吃大亏”。

29. He Zhuohui spent 50 yuan on a brand-name clothing item, only to find out later that it was a counterfeit, truly experiencing the saying "get small gains but suffer big losses".

30. 春回大地千山秀 日照神州百业兴

30. Spring returns to the earth, thousands of mountains look beautiful; The sun shines over the land, all trades thrive.

31. 译文减免刑罚，减轻赋税，让百姓能深耕细作，早除秽草。

31. Reduction of penalties, reduction of taxes, so that the people can cultivate their land deeply and carefully, and remove weeds early.

32. ◆不下水，一辈子不会游泳；不扬帆，一辈子不会撑船。

32.◆ If you never get into the water, you will never learn to swim; if you never hoist a sail, you will never learn to row a boat.

33. 发展独立思考和独立判断的一般能力，应当始终放在首位，而不应当把获得专业知识放在首位。如果一个人掌握了他的学科的基础理论，并且学会了独立地思考和工作，他必定会找到他自己的道路，而且比起那种主要以获得细节知识为其培训内容的人来，他一定会更好地适应进步和变化。

33. The general ability to develop independent thinking and independent judgment should always be given priority, rather than placing the acquisition of professional knowledge first. If a person masters the fundamental theories of his discipline and learns to think and work independently, he will undoubtedly find his own path, and he will certainly adapt better to progress and change than those who are primarily trained to acquire detailed knowledge.

34. 满招损，谦受益。知过则改，闻过则喜。戸枢不蠹，流水不腐。从善如流，疾恶如仇，。钟不敲不响，话不说不明。良药苦口利于病，忠言逆耳利于行。

34. Pride brings harm, humility brings benefit. Acknowledge one's mistakes and change, hear criticism and be joyful. A door hinge that is not used will not rot, and water that flows does not become stale. Embrace good as readily as a river flows, and hate evil as an enemy. A bell that is not struck will not ring, and a word that is not spoken will not be clear. Good medicine may taste bitter but is beneficial for illness, and loyal advice may be unpleasant to the ears but is beneficial for one's actions.

35. 推小车上台阶－－一步一个坎106、大姑娘坐轿——头一回

35. Pushing a cart up the steps - step by step, every step is a challenge. 106. A maiden riding in a sedan chair - for the very first time.

36. 格言也总结知识经验，寓有思想意义。但仔细区分，仍稍有不同。格言所总结的知识经验主要是社会方面的，多属逻辑思维，是哲理性的语句，常出自名人名著；而谚语总结的知识经验不限于社会方面，也包括自然科学、生产实践（如农谚），它出自人民群众之口，多属形象思维，是文学性的语言。这种区别，应该把格言归入书面语一类，把谚语归入口语一类。但是，也难免有交错的情况。

36. Proverbs also summarize knowledge and experience, containing philosophical significance. However, upon careful distinction, there is still a slight difference. The knowledge and experience summarized by proverbs are mainly social, often logical in nature, philosophical in tone, and often found in the works of famous people; whereas the knowledge and experience summarized by sayings are not limited to social aspects but also include natural sciences, production practices (such as agricultural sayings), and they come from the mouths of the people, often being more imaginative in thought, and literary in language. This distinction should classify proverbs into written language and sayings into spoken language. However, there are also cases of overlap.

37. ④鸡蛋碰石头← →以卵击石

37. ④ Eggs to hit the rock ← → Hitting the rock with an egg

38. 我写每一部作品前都会思考一个字‘变’。 —— 池莉

38. Before writing each work, I always ponder on the word 'change'. —— Chi Li

39. 雁门关外有人家，早穿皮袄午穿纱，抱着火炉吃西瓜。

39. There are people's homes beyond Yanmen Pass, wearing furs in the morning and silk in the afternoon, holding a fireplace to eat watermelons.

40. 最早出现"歇后"这一名称的是在唐代。《旧唐书。郑綮列传》中就已提到过有所谓"郑五歇后体"（一种"歇后"体诗）。但它作为一种语言形式和语言表现，远在先秦时期就已出现了。如《战国策。楚策四》："亡羊而补牢，未为迟也。"意思是说，失了羊再去修补羊圈，还不算太晚。这是我们今天所看到的最早的歇后语。

40. The earliest appearance of the term "歇后" was during the Tang Dynasty. The "Old Book of Tang: Biography of Zheng Ji" already mentioned what was called the "Zheng Wu Xiehou style" (a style of poetry known as "Xiehou"). However, as a form of language and linguistic expression, it had already emerged as early as the Warring States period. For example, in "The Strategies of the Warring States: The Strategies of Chu, Volume Four": "It is not too late to mend the pen after the sheep has been lost." This means that it is not too late to repair the sheep pen after the sheep has been lost. This is the earliest "Xiehou" idiom that we see today.

41. 译文以百姓的快乐为自己的快乐者，百姓也会以国君的快乐为自己的快乐；以百姓的忧愁为自己的忧愁者，百姓也会以国君的忧愁为自己的忧愁。

41. He who takes the joy of the people as his own joy, the people will also take the joy of the ruler as their own joy; and he who takes the sorrow of the people as his own sorrow, the people will also take the sorrow of the ruler as their own sorrow.

42. 译文不用圆规和曲尺，就不能正确地画出方形和圆形。

42. Translation: Without a compass and a straightedge, it is impossible to accurately draw squares and circles.

43. 译文君子有三种乐处，但是以德服天下并不在其中。父母都健康，兄弟没灾患，是第一种乐趣；抬头无愧于天，低头无愧于人，是第二种乐趣；得到天下优秀人才而对他们进行教育，是第三种乐趣。

43. A gentleman has three sources of joy, but the ability to subdue the world with virtue is not among them. Having both parents in good health and no misfortunes befalling his brothers is the first source of joy; looking up, he has no shame before heaven, and looking down, he has no shame before men is the second source of joy; gaining outstanding talents from all over the world and educating them is the third source of joy.

44. 柴门闻犬吠，风雪夜归人。——（唐）刘长卿《逢雪宿芙蓉山主人》

44. Hearing the dog barking through the wooden gate, a person returns home on a snowy night. —— (Tang Dynasty) Liu Changqing, "Accommodation at the Host's House on Fengtong Mountain in the Snow"

45. 孤舟蓑笠翁，独钓寒江雪。——（唐）柳宗元《江雪》

45. An old fisherman in a boat, with a bamboo hat and raincoat, fishing alone in the snowy cold river. — (Tang Dynasty) Liu Zongyuan, "River Snow"

46. 有的图书称之为“惯用语”，但所涉及的语言现象，却是“俚语”，如：背靠背、开夜车、乱弹琴、磨洋工、冤大头，等等。笔者以前在《俗语五千条》的前言中，曾用“熟语”来称呼描述性的俗语。熟语这一术语的定义，也不十分明确，有的辞典又把它当作高于俗语、成语的术语来使用，而它本身又跟“俗语”的读音近似，某些方言区甚至就是同音词，作为术语，自身有不足之处。再三斟酌，觉得不如用“俚语”来代替。

46. Some books call them "colloquialisms," but the language phenomena involved are actually "slang," such as: back-to-back, all-nighters, playing the fiddle, loafing around, a dupe, and so on. In the preface to my previous book "Five Thousand Popular Sayings," I used the term "idioms" to refer to descriptive colloquial sayings. The definition of the term "idioms" is not very clear either; some dictionaries even use it as a term that is superior to slang and proverbs. Additionally, it is phonetically similar to "colloquialism," and in some dialect areas, it is even a homophone. As a term, it has its own shortcomings. After careful consideration, I think it is better to use the term "slang" instead.

47. 小荷才露尖尖角，早有蜻蜓立上头。——（宋）杨万里《小池》

47. The tender lotus just peeks out its pointed tip, and already a dragonfly perches on its head. — (Song Dynasty) Yang Wanli, "The Small Pond"

48. 自信是走向成功之路的第一步，缺乏自信是失败的主要原因。（莎士比亚）

48. Confidence is the first step towards success, and lack of confidence is the main reason for failure. (Shakespeare)

49. 来自: 长征一号 (苏州)

49. From: Long March 1 (Suzhou)