简洁明了：短句透心，一目了然。

Concise and clear: short sentences penetrate the heart, clear at a glance.

1. 真心言语，坚韧意志展现。“我是个聋子！”“你们知道我听不见的，”“一个音乐家最大的悲剧是丧失了听觉。”

1. Words from the heart, a steadfast will displayed. "I am deaf!" "You know I can't hear," "The greatest tragedy for a musician is to lose their hearing."

2. 所有的好，都不如刚刚好。

2. All is well, but nothing is as good as new.

3. 什么是文学价值呢？总的来说基本表现在两个方面，一是认识价值（如思想意义、社会现实意义等），二是审美价值（如艺术风格、表现手法上的创新性意义）。

3. What is the literary value? Generally speaking, it is mainly reflected in two aspects: one is the cognitive value (such as the significance of thought, social reality, etc.), and the other is the aesthetic value (such as the innovative significance in artistic style and expression techniques).

4. 普通人，普通生活，普通过。

4. The common people, common life, common through.

5. 诗人以橡树为对象表达了爱情的热烈、诚挚和坚贞。诗中的橡树不是一个具体的对象，而是诗人理想中的情人象征。因此，这首诗一定程度上不是单纯倾诉自己的热烈爱情，而是要表达一种爱情的理想和信念，通过亲切具体的形象来发挥，颇有古人托物言志的意味。

5. The poet expresses the intensity, sincerity, and fidelity of love through the oak tree as the subject. The oak tree in the poem is not a concrete object, but rather a symbol of the ideal lover in the poet's mind. Therefore, to some extent, this poem is not simply a declaration of the poet's passionate love, but aims to convey an ideal and belief in love, utilizing a close and specific image to unfold it, which has a certain similarity to the ancient practice of expressing one's intentions through objects.

6. 总之，本文的语言描写鲜明、亮丽，深化了人物形象，点明了主旨。

6. In summary, the text of this article is vivid and bright in its linguistic description, deepening the characters' images and clarifying the main theme.

7. 如何写文学短评

8. 文学评论是指对各种文学思潮、文学流派、文学作品、文学发展史、文学理论进行分析和评价的文章。高中学生写文学评论，一般只要求对具体的文学作品进行分析和评价，写300字左右的文学短评。

7. How to Write a Literary Critique 8. A literary critique is an article that analyzes and evaluates various literary trends, literary schools, literary works, the history of literary development, and literary theories. For high school students, writing a literary critique generally only requires the analysis and evaluation of specific literary works, with a literary critique of about 300 words.

9. 不是局中人，莫论是与非。

9. Not only is it not a Chinese person, but it should not be considered as one.

10. 通常而言，写文学评论要求借助一定的理论方法，也就是借助某种文学理论对文学作品的价值进行分析，这也是文学评论写作会在文学理论考试中出现的原因。但这一点看起来非常高深，往往让考生感到非常害怕，因为本科生通常会觉得自己在这方面的修养几乎是一片空白（中文专业的本科生也是如此，在这一点上，跨专业的与本专业的本科生几乎没什么区别）。

10. Generally speaking, writing literary reviews requires the use of certain theoretical methods, that is, the analysis of the value of literary works through the lens of some literary theory. This is also the reason why writing literary reviews often appears in literary theory exams. However, this point may seem very profound and often makes candidates feel very scared, because undergraduates often feel that their修养 in this aspect is almost blank (this is also true for undergraduate students majoring in Chinese, where there is little difference between those from different majors and those from the same major).

11. 文章线索，如以某个中心事件为线索，以人物、感情、时间、空间为线索等；（

11. Article clues, such as using a central event as the clue, or using characters, emotions, time, and space as clues, etc.;

12. 想哭不一定有泪———评《乡愁》中的借代《乡愁》的一大特色是运用借代修辞手法，表现浓郁的乡愁。诗人独具匠心，用“小小的邮票”、“窄窄的船票”、“矮矮的坟墓”、“浅浅的海湾”来借代“小时候”、“长大后”、“后来”、“现在”等不同时期的乡愁，使之实物化。乍看起来很有些“挥手自兹去”的洒脱，但多读几遍，你会感觉到诗人的哭腔，你定然会被母子深情、夫妻恋情和游子对祖国统一的渴望之情所打动。正是邮票、船票、坟墓、海峡表明诗人无时不颠沛在离愁之中。欲哭无泪，借代使之然也。

12. Not crying necessarily means there are no tears——A Review of the Metaphor in "Nostalgia for the Country" One of the distinctive features of "Nostalgia for the Country" is the use of the metaphorical figure of speech to express the intense longing for the hometown. The poet has a unique artistic touch, using "a tiny stamp," "a narrow ticket for a boat," "a lowly grave," and "a shallow bay" to metaphorically represent "childhood," "adulthood," "later on," and "the present" at different periods of time, thereby materializing the nostalgia. At first glance, it seems to convey a certain carefree attitude like "waving goodbye and leaving," but upon reading it a few more times, you will sense the poet's sobbing tone. You will undoubtedly be moved by the deep mother-son affection, the loving relationship between husband and wife, and the longing of the expatriates for the unity of the motherland. It is precisely the stamps, boat tickets, graves, and strait that indicate that the poet is always tossed about in the sorrow of separation. Wanting to cry but having no tears, the metaphor makes it so.

13. 文学短评“麻雀虽小”，但应“五脏俱全”。写作时要以文艺理论为指导，以作品材料为依据，紧扣作品，有的放矢，评析原文的主要内容或主要特色。

13. The literary review "Even though the sparrow is small," it should have "all five internal organs." When writing, one should be guided by literary theory and based on the material of the work, closely focusing on the work itself, aiming accurately, and analyzing the main content or main characteristics of the original text.

14. 描写方式，如肖像描写、心理描写、语言描写、动作描写、环境描写等；（

14. Descriptive methods, such as portrait description, psychological description, language description, action description, and environmental description, etc.;

15. 层次结构，如总—分—总、总—分、分—总、分—分。

15. Hierarchical structures, such as general-total, general-branch, branch-total, and branch-branch.

16. 那么怎么办呢？其实对于本科生应考而言，尊重常识、回到常识，用普通人通常都有的生命感悟和生活常理去讲道理、去分析作品是最有效的方式。所谓人同此心，心同此理，通常的生命感悟和生活常理其实是最具有说服力的，写好了，也是文学评论写作的一种很高的境界，历史上的很多批评大家也正是用这种方式去写评论的，写出来的评论，深入浅出，普通人都能读懂。但前些年，评论界流行套用西方各种尖新奇怪的理论方法去分析中国文学作品和文学现象，喜欢把简单的道理复杂化，炮制出了一大批半通不通的洋八股，不仅普通读者读不懂，专业读者看了也不知所云，这种文风几乎成为一种流毒，近几年已经引起学术界的深刻反思。所以，现在即使是在非常专业的批评家那里，尊重常识、回到常识也已经成为一种共识。既然如此，作为专业修养基本还未成形的普通本科考生，就更没有必要去强求所谓的“理论方法”了。

16. So what should we do? In fact, for undergraduate students taking exams, respecting common sense and returning to common sense, using the life insights and everyday principles that ordinary people usually have to reason and analyze works is the most effective way. As the saying goes, people have the same heart and the same principle; the common life insights and everyday principles are actually the most persuasive. When well-written, they also reach a high level in the writing of literary criticism. Many famous critics in history have also used this method to write criticism, and the criticism they wrote is profound yet easily understandable by ordinary people. However, in recent years, the field of criticism has been popularizing the application of various novel and strange Western theories and methods to analyze Chinese literary works and phenomena, preferring to complicate simple truths, resulting in a large number of half-baked "Western dogmas" that are not only difficult for ordinary readers to understand but also leave professional readers confused. This style has almost become a poison, and in recent years, it has triggered profound reflection in the academic community. Therefore, even among very professional critics, respecting common sense and returning to common sense has become a consensus. Given this, as ordinary undergraduate candidates whose professional cultivation is still in its infancy, there is no need to strive for so-called "theoretical methods."

17. “一年之计在于春，刚起头儿，有的是工夫，有的是希望。”最后，作者禁不住对春天引吭高歌了：

17. "The plan for a year lies in spring, at the very beginning, there is plenty of time, and there is hope." Finally, the author couldn't help but sing high praise for spring:

18. 作文：文学短评寻隐者不遇

19. 《寻隐者不遇》是唐代诗人贾岛创作的一首小诗。这是一首问答诗，但诗人采用了寓问于答的手法，把寻访不遇的焦急心情，描摹得淋漓尽致。以白云比隐者的高洁，以苍松喻隐者的风骨。写寻访不遇，愈衬出钦慕高仰。遣词通俗清丽，言繁笔简，情深意切，白描无华，是一篇难得的简练诗作。

18. Essay: A Short Critique on "Not Finding the Hermit" 19. "Not Finding the Hermit" is a short poem written by the Tang Dynasty poet Jia Dao. It is a question-and-answer poem, but the poet uses the technique of embedding questions in answers, vividly depicting the anxious feelings of not finding the hermit. He compares the purity of the hermit to the white clouds and the firmness of the hermit to the ancient pines. The depiction of not finding the hermit further highlights the admiration and respect. The language is simple and elegant, with rich meaning and deep emotion, concise and straightforward, without any embellishment, making it a rare concise poem.

20. 作品的构思技巧主要包括以下几个方面： （

20. The techniques for conceiving a work mainly include the following aspects:

21. 3赏析作品的艺术手法。 文学作品的艺术手法是多种多样的，主要包括以下几个方面：（

21. 3 Analyze the artistic techniques of the work. The artistic techniques of literary works are diverse, mainly including the following aspects:

22. 语言简洁，孤独形象突出。“什么？又是怎么？”“倒楣，今天！哦，今天我碰到的那些孩子，对我嘲笑……”“谁？那是谁？”简短的一连串的发问，贝多芬见到客人，表现出不耐烦，厌恶会见客人，孤独厌世的形象凸现。

22. The language is concise, and the image of solitude is prominent. "What? How again?" "Unfortunately, today! Oh, today I encountered those children who mocked me..." "Who? Who is that?" A series of brief questions, Beethoven showing impatience upon seeing the guest, expressing a dislike for meeting visitors, with the image of solitude and a world-weary outlook standing out.

23. 文学作品的形象指的是文学作品中创造出来的生动具体的、能激发人们感情的生活图案，通常指文学作品中人物的精神面貌和性格特征。分析作品的人物形象主要应从两个方面进行分析：一是揭示人物的典型意义，二是简要分析人物主要的性格特征。

23. The image of a literary work refers to the vivid and specific patterns of life created in literary works that can evoke people's emotions, usually referring to the spiritual appearance and personality traits of characters in literary works. The analysis of the characters in a work should mainly be done from two aspects: first, to reveal the typical significance of the characters, and second, to briefly analyze the main personality traits of the characters.

24. 春天象健壮的青年，有铁一般的胳膊和腰脚，领着我们上前去。”

24. Spring is like a strong young man, with iron arms and legs, leading us forward."

25. 表达方式，如叙述、描写、议论、抒情、说明；（

25. Modes of expression, such as narration, description, argumentation, emotion, and explanation;

26. 写得不少了，不知道有没有讲清楚。我给你邮箱里发一篇我2003年考现当代文学研究生时写的一篇文学评论，事后得知，阅卷老师给了满分。希望能对你有所借鉴。

26. I've written quite a lot, but I'm not sure if it's clear enough. I've sent you an article of literary criticism I wrote when I took the postgraduate entrance examination for modern and contemporary literature in 2003, by the way. Later on, I found out that the teacher who marked the papers gave me full marks. I hope it can be of some reference to you.

27. 赏析主题常用的术语有：中心突出、主题深刻、言近旨远、言简意丰、意在言外、含蓄蕴藉、深化主题等。 2分析作品的形象。

27. Common terms used in thematic analysis include: central emphasis, profound theme, close words with distant meaning, concise words with rich meaning, implied in words, implicit and reserved, deepening the theme, etc. 2. Analyze the image in the work.

28. 表现手法，如想像、联想、象征、渲染、烘托、对比、以小见大、先抑后扬、托物言志、借景抒情、寓情于景等；（

28. Techniques of expression, such as imagination, association, symbolism, embellishment, enhancement, contrast, seeing the big picture through the small, from low to high, using objects to express intentions, borrowing scenery to express emotions, and embedding emotions in scenery, etc.;

29. 这种文学短评虽然篇幅短小，但是它也必须是一篇结构完整、层次清晰、观点鲜明、语言流畅、短小精悍的文章。文学短评也有人称它为鉴赏短文。

29. Although brief in length, this literary critique must also be a well-structured, clear in hierarchy, distinct in viewpoint, fluent in language, and concise yet robust article. Some also refer to the literary critique as an appreciation essay.

30. “春天象刚落地的娃娃，从头到脚都是新的，它生长着。

30. "Spring is like a newborn baby, from head to toe, it is all new, and it is growing."

31. 描写技法，如以动衬静、动静结合、虚实结合、点面结合、明暗结合、声色结合、粗笔勾勒、白描工笔等；（

31. Techniques of description, such as using movement to contrast with stillness, combining movement and stillness, integrating the tangible and intangible, merging points and surfaces, combining light and dark, blending sound and color, using bold strokes, and detailed white-line drawing, etc.;

32. 他把客人的来访称为“竟敢到兽穴里来抓老狮的毛”，看似诙谐幽默，实则蕴含着对不被世人了解的感伤，感情深沉而悲凉。“我有时不免叹息，我真软弱……”，可想而知，贝多芬对自己丧失了听觉时的无助，让其更人性化的一面感动着我们，伟大的人也有其平凡无助的时候，感情真挚动人，“听我心里的音乐！你不知道我心里的感觉！一个乐队只能奏出我在一分钟里希望写出的音乐！”贝多芬对世人的向往，希望他们能了解他真实的好灵魂，这样发自内心的呼唤无不使人动容。

32. He refers to the guests' visit as "daring to come to the lair to pluck the mane of the old lion," which appears to be humorous and playful on the surface, but actually contains a sense of melancholy for not being understood by the world. The emotion is deep and melancholic. "Sometimes I can't help but sigh, I am truly weak..." It can be imagined that Beethoven's helplessness when he lost his hearing touched us with his more human side. Great people also have their moments of ordinary helplessness, and their genuine emotions are moving. "Listen to the music in my heart! You don't know how I feel inside! An orchestra can only play the music I hope to write in a minute!" Beethoven's longing for the world, hoping they can understand his true good soul, is a heartfelt call that moves everyone.

33. 针对整篇文章 中心 内涵 进行评价，就有必要通读全文 深刻理解作者想要表达的意思。然后找到一关键点，钻进去，继而发散思维，要注意循序渐进，条理清晰。要合理、正确、直观的进行评论，不可歪曲捏造。

33. In order to evaluate the central connotation of the entire article, it is necessary to read the whole text thoroughly and deeply understand the author's intended meaning. Then, identify a key point, delve into it, and subsequently expand your thinking. Pay attention to proceeding step by step and keeping your thoughts clear. You should comment in a rational, correct, and intuitive manner, without distorting or fabricating.

34. 可以短时间不开心，但不能长时间不清醒。

34. It can be okay to be short-term distracted, but it cannot be long-term unaware.