1. 从作者的性格看，送别绝不会带给他这样的伤感。他平日对仕途、世事的感慨一直，郁积胸中，恰巧，遇上送别之事的触动，便一涌而发，故有此情状。下句忽然宕开说到功名之事，便觉来路分明。作者和陆游一样，都重视为国家的恢复事业建立功名的。他的《水龙吟》词说：算平戎万里，功名本是，真儒事，公知否。认为建立功名是分内的事；《水调歌头》词说：功名事，身未老，几时休？诗书万卷，致身须到古伊周。认为对功名应该执着追求，并且要有远大的目标。这首词中却把功名看成身外馀事，乃是不满朝廷对金屈膝求和，自己的报国壮志难酬，而被迫退隐、消极的愤激之辞：且加餐，运用《古诗十九首》弃捐勿复道，努力加餐饭之句，也是愤激之语。浮天水送无穷树，带雨云埋一半山。写送别时翘首遥望之景，景显得生动，用笔也很浑厚，而且天边的流水远送无穷的树色，和设想行人别后的行程有关；雨中阴云埋掉一半青山，和联想正人君子被奸邪小人遮蔽、压制有关。景句关联词中的两种不同的思想感情，不但联系紧密，而且含蓄不露，富有余韵。

1. From the perspective of the author's character, parting farewells would never bring him such sorrow. His constant contemplation of official career and worldly matters had been accumulating in his heart. Just as he encountered the emotional stir from the parting event, it all surged forth, thus giving rise to this emotional state. The following sentence suddenly shifts to discussing the matter of fame and fortune, making the path of life clear. Like Lu You, the author also attaches great importance to establishing a reputation for the national restoration cause. In his poem "Shui Long Yin," he says: "Calculating the journey of defeating the enemy for thousands of miles, fame and fortune are the true pursuit of a virtuous scholar, do you know that?" He believes that establishing a reputation is a matter within one's duty. In his poem "Shui Diao Ge Dou," he says: "The pursuit of fame and fortune, though my body is not old, when will it end? With tens of thousands of books of poetry and literature, one must reach the ancient times of Yi Zhou." He believes that one should be steadfast in pursuing fame and fortune, and should have a grand vision. However, in this poem, he views fame and fortune as trivial matters outside oneself, which is a resentful and negative expression of his dissatisfaction with the court's kneeling to seek peace with the Jin Dynasty, his unfulfilled patriotic aspirations, and his forced retirement and passivity: "Furthermore, take more food, using the phrase from the 'Nineteen Poems of Ancient Times' 'Abandon and do not speak again,' and try to eat more." This is also a resentful expression. "The floating sky sends an endless forest of trees, with rain clouds covering half the mountain." This describes the scene of looking longingly into the distance during the parting, making the scene vivid and the writing robust. The endless tree colors at the horizon are related to the imagined journey of the traveler after the parting; the half of the green mountains buried by the rain clouds is related to the association with upright gentlemen being obscured and suppressed by cunning and mean people. The two different emotions in the connecting words of the landscape sentences are not only closely linked but also implicit and rich in aftertaste.

2. 《凝露堂木犀》

2. "Wood Osmanthus of the Dewdrop Hall"

3. 41深秋寒夜银河静，月明深院中庭。——尹鹗《临江仙·深秋寒夜银河静》

3. In the late autumn, on a cold night, the Milky Way is still, and the moon is bright in the courtyard of the deep courtyard. — Yin Guo's "Ling Jiang Xian: The Milky Way Is Still on a Cold Autumn Night"

4. 安知南山桂，绿叶垂芳根。

4. How can one know that the osmanthus in the southern mountain has its fragrant roots with drooping green leaves.

5. 鹫峰子落惊前夜，蟾窟枝空记昔年。

5. The osprey's seed fell and startled the night before, the frog cave branch is empty and remembers the past year.

6. 谁知林楼者，闻风坐相悦。

6. Who knew that Lin Lou, upon hearing the wind, would sit and be delighted.

7. 辛弃疾的词本以沉雄豪放见长，这里选的这首却很清丽，足见伟大的作家是不拘一格的。《鹧鸪天》写的是早春乡村景象。上半片嫩芽、蚕种、细草、寒林都是渲染早春，斜日句点明是早春的傍晚。可以暗示早春的形象很多，作者选择了桑、蚕、黄犊等，是要写农事正在开始的情形。这四句如果拆开，就是一首七言绝句，只是平铺直叙地在写景。

7. Xin Qiji's poems are known for their solemnity and magnificence, but the selected poem here is quite elegant, showing that great writers are not confined to any particular style. "Zige Tian" describes the rural scene in early spring. The upper half of the poem, with tender buds, silkworm eggs, fine grass, and cold forests, all depict the essence of early spring, while the phrase "slanting sun" indicates it is evening in early spring. There are many images that can suggest early spring, and the author chooses mulberry trees, silkworms, and yellow calves to depict the beginning of agricultural activities. If these four lines were to be separated, they would form a seven-character quatrains, simply narrating the scenery in a straightforward manner.

8. 粟玉黏枝细，青云剪叶齐。

8. The millet jade branches are delicate, and the blue clouds cut the leaves evenly.

9. （和桂花相比）梅花一定妒嫉，菊花自当羞惭。桂花是秋天里百花之首，天经地义。可憾屈原对桂花不太了解，太没有情意了。不然，他在《离骚》中赞美那么多花，为什么没有提到桂花呢？

9. (Compared to osmanthus) plum blossoms must be envious, while chrysanthemums should feel ashamed. Osmanthus is the king of all flowers in autumn, it is only natural. It is regrettable that Qu Yuan was not very familiar with osmanthus, as he lacked sentimentality. Otherwise, why didn't he mention osmanthus in his "Li Sao" (The Lament) when he praised so many flowers?

10. 后结仍扣紧送人题意：江头未是风波恶，别有人间行路难。江头风高浪急，十分险恶，但哪有人间行路难呢？郭茂倩《乐府诗集》卷七十引《乐府解题》曰：《行路难》，备言世路艰难及离别悲伤之意，多以君不见为首。今不存。南朝宋鲍照有《拟行路难》十八首（一作十九首），多述个人不为世用，或针砭社会现实。这两句托意深刻，正应辛弃疾的身世遭遇并包容如今带湖闲居种种生活的体验在内。一首五十六个字的《送人》小词，写得这样内蕴丰富，寄情高远，绝少黯然销魂情绪，英雄感怆，有在长情之外（刘辰翁《辛稼轩词序》），由此词正可悟出。下阙表达了这样两层新意：一是古往今来使人愤恨的事情千件万般，不止是只有生离死别，还有国家大事；二是作者以江头风波险恶突显人间行路之难，世事之险。

10. The meaning of the poem "After the farewell, still hold tightly and send someone off" is: It's not the fierce waves at the river's head that make life difficult, for there are other hardships in the world. The wind is high and the waves are fierce at the river's head, but who would say that walking through life is not difficult? Guo Maoqian, in the Volume seventy of the "Poetry Collection of the Music Bureau," quotes from "The Explanation of the Music Bureau" saying: "The poem 'Hard to Travel' fully expresses the difficulties of the world's path and the sorrow of parting, usually starting with 'Have you not seen...'. Now it no longer exists. The Southern Song Dynasty poet Bao Zhao had "Eighteen Poems on the Difficulty of Traveling" (some say nineteen), which mostly describe personal feelings of being useless in the world or criticize social realities. These two lines carry profound meaning, fitting well with Xin Qiji's personal experiences and his experiences of idling in the Dianhu Lake. In this short poem "Sending Someone Off," with only fifty-six characters, there is such a rich内涵 and lofty emotion, almost no trace of melancholy or despondency, and a sense of heroism that goes beyond ordinary feelings (as mentioned in Liu Chenweng's "Preface to Xin Jiaoxuan's Poems"). From this poem, we can understand these two new meanings: First, there are countless things throughout history that make people resentful, not just the separation and death, but also the great affairs of the state; and second, the author uses the dangerous waves at the river's head to highlight the difficulty of walking through life and the dangers of the world.

11. 46明月别枝惊鹊，清风半夜鸣蝉。——辛弃疾《西江月·夜行黄沙道中》

11. The bright moon shines on the branch, startling magpies; the cool breeze in the midnight chimes cicadas. — Xin Qiji, "Xijiang Yue: Night Journey on the Yellow Sand Road"

12. 唐·皮日休

12. Tang·Pi Rixiu

13. 《蝶恋花·答李淑一》

13. "Butterfly Love and the Flower: A Response to Li Shuyi"

14. 唐·白居易

14. Tang·Bai Juyi

15. 清阴亦可托，何惜树君。

15. The cool shade can also be relied upon, why not plant a tree for you?

16. 56十轮霜影转庭梧，此夕羁人独向隅。——晏殊《中秋月》

16. The frosty shadows of the wheel turn around the courtyard wutong, and this evening, the lonely traveler stands alone in a corner. — Yan Shuhui, "Mid-Autumn Moon"

17. 熏透愁人千里梦，却无情。

17. The smoke permeates the sorrowful dream of a thousand miles, yet it is indifferent.

18. 梅定妒，菊应羞，画栏开处冠中秋。为第二层议论。连清照一生酷爱的梅花暗淡轻黄体性柔的桂花面前，也不能不油然而生忌妒之意。而作者颇为称许的菊花也只能掩面含羞，自叹弗如。接着又从节令上着眼，称桂花为中秋时节的花中之冠。骚人可煞无情思，何事当年不见收，为第三层议论。传说屈原当年作《离骚》，遍收名花珍卉，以喻君子修身美德，唯独桂花不其列。清照很为桂花抱屈，因而毫不客气地批评了这位先贤，说他情思不足，竟把香冠中秋的桂花给遗漏了，实乃一大遗恨。

18. The plum tree should be envious, the chrysanthemum ashamed, as they are surpassed by the flowers in the painted railing at the Mid-Autumn Festival. This is the second level of argument. Even in front of the delicate and gentle osmanthus, which is dark yellow, and which Qingzhao loved throughout her life, there could not help but arise a feeling of envy. And the chrysanthemum, which the author highly praises, can only cover its face in shame and lament its inferiority. Then, focusing on the seasonal aspect, the osmanthus is hailed as the queen of flowers during the Mid-Autumn Festival. The poets are so thoughtless, why did they not include it in their works, this is the third level of argument. It is said that Qu Yuan, when writing the "Li Sao," included all famous flowers and rare herbs to illustrate the virtues of the gentleman, but the osmanthus was not among them. Qingzhao felt deeply aggrieved for the osmanthus and, without any tact, criticized this great ancestor, saying that he lacked sufficient imagination and even omitted the fragrant osmanthus that is the epitome of the Mid-Autumn Festival, which is indeed a great regret.

19. 《咏岩桂》

19. "Singing of the Rock Osmanthus"

20. 梦骑白凤上青宫，径度银河入月宫。

20. Riding on a white phoenix to the Green Palace, directly crossing the Milky Way into the Moon Palace.

21. 苍苔忽生霜月裔，仙芬凄冷真珠萼。

21. The moss suddenly sprouts in the frosty descendants of the moon, the ethereal fragrance is cool, like the pearl petals.

22. 48堂前月色愈清好，咽咽寒螀鸣露草。——苏轼《中秋见月和子由》

22. The moonlight in front of the courtyard is clearer and better, the cold locusts whisper on the dewy grass. — Su Shi, "Seeing the Moon on the Mid-Autumn Festival and Responding to Ziyou"

23. 月待圆时花正好，花将残后月还亏。

23. When the moon is round, flowers are in full bloom; after the flowers wither, the moon also wanes.

24. 中亭地白树栖鸦，冷霜无声湿桂花。

24. Middle亭地白，树上栖息着鹊鸦，冷霜悄然湿润了桂花。

25. 功名句：功名是身外多余的事，还是多吃饭吧。另一版本也作功名余事

25. Famous saying: Merit and fame are unnecessary things beyond oneself; just eat more. Another version also says: Merit and fame are extraneous matters.

26. 子坠本从天竺寺，根盘今在阖闾城。

26. The child originally came from the temple in Takshashila, but its roots are now in the city of Helu.

27. 玉阶桂影秋绰约，天空为卷浮云幕。

27. The jade steps and osmanthus shadows are graceful in autumn, the sky is rolled into a floating cloud screen.

28. 在平平淡淡的日常中，大家对诗句都再熟悉不过了吧，诗句富于音乐美，语句一般分行排列，注重结构形式的美。那么都有哪些类型的诗句呢？

28. In the ordinary and uneventful daily life, are you all very familiar with poems by now? Poems are rich in musical beauty, and the lines are generally arranged in stanzas, emphasizing the beauty of the structural form. So, what types of poems are there?

29. 现代·毛泽东

29. Modern · Mao Zedong

30. 42大漠沙如雪，燕山月似钩。——李贺《马诗二十三首·其五》

30. The sands of the Great Desert are like snow, the moon over the Yan Mountains like a hook. — Li He, "The Horse Poems Twenty-Three: The Fifth"

31. 上片围绕色与香的矛盾展开形象化的议论，生动地表现了作者的美学观点。对于花这个具体的审美对象来说，色属于外在美的范畴，味属于内在美的范畴，作者以为色淡味香的桂花自是花中第一流，足见作者对于内在美是很推崇的。

31. The first part focuses on the contradiction between color and fragrance, engaging in vivid and metaphorical discussions, which vividly express the author's aesthetic viewpoints. For the flower as a specific aesthetic object, color belongs to the category of external beauty, while fragrance belongs to the category of internal beauty. The author believes that osmanthus, with its pale color and fragrant scent, is naturally the first-class among flowers, which shows that the author highly values internal beauty.

32. 可煞：疑问词，犹可是。情思：情意。何事：为何。此二句意谓《离骚》多载花木名称而未及桂花。

32. "可煞": a question word, meaning "is it so". "情思": affection. "何事": why. These two sentences mean that "Li Sao" (The Lament) often mentions the names of flowers and trees but does not include osmanthus.

33. 当时应逐南风落，落向人间取次生。

33. At that time, the southern breeze should gently descend, descending to the human world to take part in the world's affairs.

34. 兰叶春葳蕤，桂花秋皎洁。

34. In spring, the orchid leaves flourish lushly, while in autumn, the osmanthus blooms are radiant and bright.

35. 宋·苏轼?>

35. Song Su Shi?

36. 中庭地白树栖鸦，冷露无声湿桂花。——唐代王建《十五夜望月寄杜郎中》

36. The courtyard is white, with magpies perched on the trees, cold dew silently wetting the osmanthus flowers. — From "Looking at the Moon on the Fifteenth Night and Sending Messages to Du Langzhong" by Wang Jian of the Tang Dynasty.

37. 33明月何皎皎，照我罗床帏。——古诗十九首《明月何皎皎》

37. The bright moon is so bright, illuminating my silk bed curtain. — From the "Nine Poems of the Bright Moon" in the "Nine Songs of the South"

38. 玉棵珊珊下月轮，殿前拾得露华新。

38. The jade sprouts shimmer beneath the moon's orb, newly gathered dew on the palace ground.

39. 3可怜关夜婵娟影，正对五候残酒卮。——齐已《中秋月》

39. 3 Alas for the lonely figure of the moon, shining upon the remnants of the wine cup of the five seasons. — Qi Yi, "Mid-Autumn Moon"

40. 世人种桃李，皆在金张门。

40. People plant peach and plum trees, all within the Golden and Zhang gates.

41. 22久客未还乡，中秋倍可伤。暮天飞旅雁，故国在衡阳。 ——朱庆馀《旅中秋月有怀》

41. After 22 years of staying away from home, the Mid-Autumn Festival is all the more poignant. In the twilight sky, migratory geese fly, and my beloved country is in Hengyang. —— Zhu Qingyu, "Yearning for the Mid-Autumn Moon While Traveling"

42. 月缺霜浓细蕊干，此花元属玉堂仙。

42. The moon is waning, frost is thick, and the delicate petals are withered; this flower originally belongs to the Immortal of the Jade Hall.

43. 2雁声远过潇湘去，十二楼中月自明。——温庭筠《瑶瑟怨》

43. The sound of geese flies far beyond Xiangxiang, the moon shines by itself in the twelve-story building. — Wen Tingyun, "Complaint of the Jade Lute"

44. 梅花雪，梨花月，总相思。自是春来不觉去偏知。

44. plum blossoms in the snow, pear blossoms in the moon, all are filled with longing. It's only when spring comes and goes that I realize it.

45. 天香生净想，云影护仙女。

45. The celestial scent generates pure thoughts, the cloud shadows protect the celestial maiden.

46. 愿公采撷纫幽佩，莫遣孤芳老涧边。

46. May the public gather the exquisite ornaments, do not let the solitary flower wither by the brookside.

47. 《八月十七日天竺山送桂花分增元素》

47. "The Day of the 17th August: Sending Osmanthus to Tianzhu Mountain, Adding Elements of Growth"

48. 17半天凉月色，一笛酒人心。——袁枚《夜过借园见主人坐月下吹笛》

48. Half a day of cool moonlight, a flute's melody touches the heart of a drinker. — Yuan Mei, "Evening Passing by Jie Yuan Garden, Seeing the Host Sitting under the Moon and Playing the Flute"

49. 《谢人寄双桂树下》

49. "Thanking Someone for Sending a Pair of Subtropical Osmanthus Trees"

50. 10可怜九月初三夜，露似真珠月似弓。——白居易《暮江吟》

50. How pitiful it is the night of the ninth day of the ninth month! The dew resembles real pearls, and the moon is like a bow. — Bai Juyi, "Evening Thoughts on the River"

51. 9白云千里万里，明月前溪后溪。——刘长卿《谪仙怨·晴川落日初低》

51. Nine white clouds stretch a thousand miles, a bright moon over the front stream and the back stream. — Liu Changqing, "Complaints of the Exiled Immortal: The setting sun is low over the clear river."

52. 45可惜一溪风月，莫教踏碎琼瑶。——苏轼《西江月·顷在黄州》

52. Alas, the breeze and moonlight of a stream, don't let them be trampled into pieces of jade and pearl. — Su Shi, "Xijiang Yue: Once in Huangzhou"

53. 11水国蒹葭夜有霜，月寒山色共苍苍。——薛涛《送友人》

53. In the eleventh month, the reeds by the water are blanketed with frost at night, the moon's chill joins the mountain hues in their somber grandeur. — Xue Tao, "To a Friend"

54. 这首词见于四卷本《稼轩词》的甲集，是作者中年时的作品。那时候，作者在仕途上已经历了不少挫折，因此词虽为送人而作，但是所表达的多是世路艰难之感。

54. This poem is found in the Jia Collection of the Jiuxuan Ci (Poetry of the Usurper) in a four-volume edition, and it is a work from the author's middle age. At that time, the author had already experienced many setbacks in his official career, so although the poem was written to send someone off, it mainly expresses the feeling of the hardships of the world.

55. 下片的梅定妒，菊应羞，画栏开处冠中秋，是紧承上一片的意思写的。梅花，虽然开在早春，开在百花之前，而且姿容秀丽，仪态万千。但是，面对着暗淡轻黄体性柔的桂花，她却不能不生嫉妒之意；菊花，虽然开在深秋，独放百花之后，而且清雅秀美，幽香袭人，但面对着情疏迹远只香留的桂花，她也不能不掩饰羞愧之容。于是，正值中秋八月开放的桂花便理所当然地成为花中之冠了。

55. The plum blossom in the lower section is bound to be envious, and the chrysanthemum should feel ashamed; at the opening of the painted栏杆, it is the peak of the Mid-Autumn Festival. This is written in continuation of the previous section. The plum blossom, although it blooms in early spring and before all the flowers, is beautiful in appearance and versatile in demeanor. However, in the face of the dark, light yellow, and tender osmanthus, it cannot help but feel jealous; the chrysanthemum, although it blooms in late autumn, after all the flowers have bloomed, and is elegant and beautiful, with a fragrance that is captivating, still cannot help but conceal its ashamed expression in the face of the osmanthus that is distant in affection but leaves behind its scent. Therefore, it is only natural that the osmanthus, blooming in the Mid-Autumn Festival in August, becomes the king of flowers.

56. 7天上若无修月户，桂枝撑损向西轮。——米芾《中秋登楼望月》

56. If there be no lunar cultivator in seven days, the cassia branches will damage the westward wheel. — Mi Fei, "Viewing the Moon from the Tower on the Mid-Autumn Festival"

57. 浓薰不如此，何以慰幽栖。

57. Why not a strong fragrance to comfort a secluded abode?

58. 44玉颗珊珊下月轮，殿前拾得露华新。——皮日休《天竺寺八月十五日夜桂子》

58. The jade-like pearls gently descend from the moon's disk, picked up in the palace where the dew's fresh bloom is found. — From "The Night of the Mid-Autumn Festival at the Tianju Temple" by Pi Rixiu

59. 忽起故园想，冷然归梦长。

59. Suddenly I think of my hometown, and my longing dreams extend endlessly.

60. 玉绳低缺月，金鸭罢焚香。

60. The jade cord is low, and the moon is dim; the golden crane has ceased to burn incense.

61. 《感遇》

61. "Feeling the Encounter"