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1. “神不散”主要是从散文的立意方面说的，即散文所要表达的主题必须明确而集中，无论散文的内容多么广泛，表现手法多么灵活，无不为更好的表达主题服务。

1. "The 'dispersion of the god' mainly refers to the perspective of the theme in prose, meaning that the theme that prose aims to express must be clear and focused. No matter how broad the content of the prose is or how flexible the methods of expression are, all of them serve the purpose of better expressing the theme.

2. 脂本是程本的底本。此书新版通行本前80回据脂本汇校，后40回据程本汇校，署名“曹雪芹著，无名氏续，程伟元、高鹗整理”。

2. The original manuscript of "The Dream of the Red Chamber" is based on Cheng Ben. The first 80 chapters of the new edition and widely circulated version of this book are collated according to the Zhi Ben, and the last 40 chapters are collated according to the Cheng Ben. The authorship is attributed to "Cao Xueqin," with continuation by an anonymous author, and the compilation is credited to Cheng Weiyuan and Gao E.

3. 有时候，我们需要的只是一颗宁静的心。我们无法控制别人的想法；我们不能强迫别人做任何事。你唯一能做的，就是全心全意做好自己的事，走自己的路，按照自己的原则过好自己的生活。即使有人亏待你，时间也不会亏待你，生活也不会亏待你！善待他人就是善待自己。

3. Sometimes, all we need is a peaceful mind. We cannot control others' thoughts; we cannot force others to do anything. The only thing you can do is to give your all to your own work, to walk your own path, and to live your own life according to your principles. Even if someone treats you unfairly, time will not be unfair to you, and life will not be unfair to you! Being kind to others is being kind to yourself.

4. 研读中国四大名著，是浏览中国古典文学的智能之海，也是阅历中国传统人文、社会、伦理、历史、地理、民俗、心理、处事策略的知识之库。

4. Studying the Four Great Classical Works of China is akin to navigating the ocean of wisdom in Chinese classical literature, and it also serves as a repository of knowledge about China's traditional humanities, society, ethics, history, geography, folk customs, psychology, and strategies for dealing with situations.

5. 写景散文：以描绘景物为主的散文。这类文章多是在描绘景物的同时抒发感情，或借景抒情，或寓情于景，抓住景物的特征，按照空间的变换顺序，运用移步换景的方法，把观察的变化作为全文的脉络。生动的景物描绘，不但可以交代背景，渲染气氛，而且可以烘托人物的思想感情，更好的表现主题。例如：刘白羽的《长江三峡》。 (

5. Landscape Prose: Prose mainly focused on depicting landscapes. This type of writing often expresses emotions while describing the scenery, either through depicting scenery to express emotions or embedding emotions in the scenery. It captures the characteristics of the scenery, follows the order of spatial changes, and uses the method of changing scenery with each step to make the changes in observation the thread of the entire text. Vivid landscape descriptions not only can explain the background and set the atmosphere, but also can highlight the thoughts and feelings of characters, and better express the theme. For example: Liu Baiyu's "The Three Gorges of the Yangtze River."

6. 礼仪类： 请柬、祝辞（贺信、贺电）、唁电、唁函。 （

6. Etiquette category: Invitation cards, congratulatory speeches (congratulatory letters, congratulatory telegrams), condolence telegrams, condolence letters.

7. 环境是由心生的。人生其实就是一场修行，修炼的是一颗心。

7. The environment is born from the heart. Life itself is a journey of cultivation, which is the cultivation of a heart.

8. 生活从来都不公平。得到多少，取决于你做了多少，努力了多少。

8. Life has never been fair. How much you get depends on how much you have done and how hard you have worked.

9. 应用文的种类： （

9. Types of applied texts:

10. 从口头表达入手提高学生的整体表达能力。叶圣陶曾说:"口头为语,书面为言。文本于语,不可偏指,因合而言之。"任何一种语言都分为"语"和"文"两部分。"语"的表现是听说,实质是语言思维的运用。"文"的表现是读写,实质是语言思维的书面表达。学习语言的规律是先"语"后"文"。口头语言是基础,只有在切实进行口头训练的基础上才能发展学生的书面表达能力。 (

10. Begin with spoken expression to improve students' overall communicative ability. Ye Shengtao once said, "Oral is language, written is speech. Text is derived from language, and cannot be exclusively pointed at one, but should be understood together." Any language is divided into two parts: "language" and "writing." The manifestation of "language" is speaking and listening, and its essence is the application of language thinking. The manifestation of "writing" is reading and writing, and its essence is the written expression of language thinking. The law of language learning is to learn "language" first and then "writing." Oral language is the foundation, and students' written expression ability can only be developed on the basis of practical oral training.

11. 形散神聚：”形散“既指题材广泛、写法多样，又指结构自由、不拘一格；“神聚”既指中心集中，又指有贯穿全文的线索。散文写人写事都只是表面现象，从根本上说写的是情感体验。情感体验就是“不散的神”，而人与事则是“散”的可有可无、可多可少的“形”。

11. Dispersed in form but unified in spirit: "Dispersed in form" refers to the wide range of themes and diverse writing styles, as well as the free and unrestricted structure; "Unified in spirit" refers to the concentration of the central theme and the presence of a thread that runs throughout the entire text. Prose writing, whether it is about people or events, merely presents the surface phenomena. Fundamentally speaking, what is written is the emotional experience. Emotional experience is the "unified spirit" that does not disperse, while people and events are the "dispersed form" that is optional, either in abundance or in scarcity.

12. 宣传类： 广告稿、演讲稿、板报、新闻、通信、产品说明书。 （

12. Propaganda: Advertising copy, speeches, posters, news, correspondence, product manuals.

13. 数据法：引用已经被证实的数字来引起话题。 (

13. Data Method: Use verified numbers to initiate a topic.

14. 议论文： 议论文是以议论为主要方式，通过事实、摆道理，直接表达作者的观点和主张的常用文体。 （

14. Argumentative Essay: An argumentative essay is a common literary genre that primarily employs argumentation as its method, directly expressing the author's views and propositions through facts and reasoning.

15. 公文类： 命令、决定、公告、通告、通知、通报、议案、报告、请示、批复、意见、函、会议纪要等十三种。 （

15. Official documents: orders, decisions, announcements, notices, notifications, circulars, proposals, reports, requests, replies, opinions, letters, and meeting minutes, totaling thirteen types.

16. 先说后写的训练步骤,有利于及时修正表达中的初级错误,并且达到共同提高的效果。"说"是以讨论发言的形式在课堂上进行的,这种形式可以使更多的学生有机会借鉴别人的长处,并从中受到启发。同时,由于口头表达的"不定型性",它的修正要比书面写作的修正容易得多。它允许学生说错,允许相互纠正,自我更正,随时修正。而其中暴露出的问题通过师生及时点评,大家也可以共同吸取教训,避免同类问题在作文中重复出现。 (

16. The training steps of speaking first and writing later are beneficial for timely correction of primary errors in expression and achieve the effect of mutual improvement. "Speaking" is carried out in the form of discussion and speeches in class, which allows more students to learn from others' strengths and be inspired by them. At the same time, due to the "unstructured nature" of oral expression, its correction is much easier than that of written writing. It allows students to make mistakes, allows mutual correction, self-correction, and timely correction. The problems exposed are corrected through timely comments from teachers and students, and everyone can learn from the lessons together, avoiding the repetition of similar problems in essays.

17. 传志类： 传记、地方志、家史（校史、村史）。 （

17. Biographical works: Biographies, local chronicles, family histories (school histories, village histories).

18. 说明文：以说明为主要表达方式，用来介绍或解释事物的状态、性质、构造、功能、制作方法、发展过程和事理的成因、功过的一种文体。

18. Expository Text: A type of writing that primarily uses the method of explanation to introduce or explain the state, nature, structure, function, production method, development process, and the causes and effects of things.

19. 散文：是一种以阐释性笔调为本的无韵体文章，风格与方式上较为自由，作者以自己个人的观点、风格、方式和语调表述自己选择的主题，其篇幅一般不长。

19. Prose: It is a韵文体文章 characterized by an interpretive style, which is relatively free in terms of style and approach. The author expresses their chosen topic from their own personal perspective, style, method, and tone, and the length of the work is generally not very long.

20. 《水浒传》问世后，在社会上产生了巨大的影响，成了后世中国小说创作的典范。《水浒传》是中国历史上最早用白话文写成的章回小说之一，流传极广，脍炙人口。

20. After the publication of "Water Margin", it had a tremendous impact on society and became a model for the creation of Chinese novels in later generations. "Water Margin" is one of the earliest chapter novels in Chinese history written in vernacular Chinese, widely circulated, and well-known to the public.

21. 笔记类： 日记、读书笔记。 （

21. Notebooks: Diaries, reading notes.

22. 记叙文的分类 （

22. Classification of Narratives

23. 从内容及表达方式分： ①简单记叙文。 ②复杂记叙文。 （

23. Divided by content and expression: ①Simple narrative text. ②Complex narrative text.

24. “形散”主要是说散文取材十分广泛自由，不受时间和空间的限制；表现手法不拘一格：可以叙述事件的发展，可以描写人物形象，可以托物抒情，可以发表议论，而且作者可以根据内容需要自由调整、随意变化。

24. "Shapeless" mainly refers to the fact that prose has a very wide and free choice of materials, not limited by time and space; its expression methods are not constrained by any particular style: it can narrate the development of events, describe the images of characters, express emotions through objects, or present arguments. Moreover, the author can freely adjust and change the content as needed.

25. 问题法：用提问的方式来引出文章的内容，以引起读者的注意力。 (

25. Question Method: Use questioning to introduce the content of the article, in order to attract the reader's attention.

26. 《红楼梦》是一部具有世界影响力的人情小说，举世公认的中国古典小说巅峰之作，中国封建社会的百科全书，传统文化的集大成者。

26. "The Dream of the Red Chamber" is a novel of human relationships with global influence, universally recognized as the pinnacle of Chinese classical literature, the encyclopedia of Chinese feudal society, and the masterwork of traditional culture.

27. 从写作对象的不同分： ①以写人为主的记叙文。 ②以叙事为主的记叙文。 ③以写景为主的记叙文。 ④以状物为主的记叙文。 （

27. Categorized by the main writing object: ①Narrative essays mainly about people. ②Narrative essays mainly about events. ③Narrative essays mainly about landscapes. ④Narrative essays mainly about objects.

28. 引语法：引用名人名言或常见习语、谚语等作为文章的开头。 (

28. Introduction by Quotation: Use famous sayings, common proverbs, idioms, etc., from celebrities as the opening of the article.

29. 反映了三国时代各类社会斗争与矛盾的转化，并概括了这一时代的历史巨变，塑造了一群叱咤风云的三国英雄人物。

29. It reflects the transformation of various social struggles and contradictions during the Three Kingdoms era, summarizes the great historical changes of this era, and shapes a group of heroes who dominated the world during the Three Kingdoms.

30. 于千万人之中，遇见你遇见的人；于千万年之中，于时间的无涯荒野里，没有早一步，也没有晚一步，我们碰巧赶上了。

30. Among the millions, to meet the person you meet; in the vast expanse of eternity, in the boundless wilderness of time, neither a moment too soon nor too late, we happen to meet each other by sheer chance.

31. 他有千万个优点，但是他不爱你，这是你永远无法说服自己接受的缺点。一个人最大的弱点不是自私，多情，野蛮，任性，而是偏执的爱一个不爱自己的人。

31. He has a million merits, but he doesn't love you, and this is a shortcoming you can never convince yourself to accept. The greatest weakness of a person is not selfishness, sensuality, savagery, or任性, but the fanatical love for someone who does not love themselves.

32. 告示类： 启示、海报。 （

32. Notice category: Instructions, posters.

33. 在生命的开始，不要把人当成年轻的恶霸；暮色中，不要把人当弱者侮辱；在别人面前，不要当众夸自己；人后，不把人当猴；人之上，不把人当人；人下，不要把自己当人。当你习惯了一种生活，那么你一生只活一天；如果你的生活总是新的，那么你会有美好的一天。

33. At the beginning of life, do not treat people as young bullies; in the twilight, do not treat people as weaklings to mock; in front of others, do not boast about yourself publicly; behind people, do not treat them like monkeys; above people, do not treat them as humans; below people, do not treat yourself as a human. When you get accustomed to a way of life, then you only live one day in your entire life; if your life is always new, then you will have a wonderful day.

34. 语言上具有严密的准确性。 （

34. Possesses rigorous accuracy in language.

35. 四大名著是中国乃至全人类共同拥有的宝贵文化遗产，在整个华人世界中有着深远的影响。

35. The Four Great Classical Novels are a precious cultural heritage shared by China and the entire human race, and they have a profound influence throughout the Chinese-speaking world.

36. 也不同于说明文侧重介绍或解释事物的形状、性质、成因、功能等。总而言之，议论文是以理服人的文章，记叙文和说明文则是以事感人，以知授人的文章。

36. It is also different from expository writing, which focuses on introducing or explaining the shape, nature, causes, functions, and other aspects of things. In summary, argumentative writing is an article that persuades people through reasoning, while narrative and expository writing are articles that touch people's hearts through events and impart knowledge to people.

37. 归纳法： 从特殊到一般。具体、个别的事例出发，总结出一般的规律。 3结尾的写法 (

37. Inductive Method: From the particular to the general. Starting from specific and individual cases, generalize to derive general laws. Writing style ending with the number 3.