1. 收获：根据不同瓜类和豆类的生长特点，适时进行收获，保证产量和品质。

1. Harvesting: According to the growth characteristics of different melons and legumes, harvest at the appropriate time to ensure yield and quality.

2. 夏至种芝麻，头顶一朵花，立秋种芝麻，老死不开花。掏钱难买五月旱，六月连阴吃饱饭。小暑种芝麻，头顶一串花。

2. Sow sesame seeds on the summer solstice, and a flower blooms on your head. Sow sesame seeds on the autumnal equinox, and they die old without blooming. It's hard to buy May drought with money, but you can eat to your heart's content with consecutive rainy days in June. Sow sesame seeds on the great heat, and a string of flowers blooms on your head.

3. 八月半，种早蒜，八月中，种大葱。八月种葱绿葱葱，九月种葱一场空。豌豆大蒜不出九，种蒜出九长独头。

3. Halfway through August, plant early garlic; by mid-August, plant scallions. Plant scallions in August, and they'll grow lush and green; plant them in September, and they'll be a waste. Peas and garlic should not be planted after the ninth month; plant garlic after the ninth, and it will grow into solitary bulbs.

4. 谷雨前后，种瓜点豆。要种四季豆，不在清明后。

4. Around the Grain Rain, plant melons and beans. If you want to plant green beans, do not plant them after Qingming.

5. 田间管理：在作物生长期间，需要进行及时的浇水、施肥、除草和防治病虫害等工作，以保证作物的正常生长和发育。

5. Field management: During the growth period of the crops, timely watering, fertilization, weeding, and pest and disease control measures should be conducted to ensure the normal growth and development of the crops.

6. 播种：根据不同品种的生育期和气候特点，确定适宜的播种时期。播种时要注意种子质量，确保发芽率和成活率。播种深度和方式也需要根据不同品种的生长特性和土地条件来选择。

6. Sowing: Determine the appropriate sowing time based on the growth periods and climatic characteristics of different varieties. Pay attention to seed quality during sowing to ensure germination and survival rates. The depth and method of sowing also need to be selected according to the growth characteristics of different varieties and soil conditions.

7. 合理密植：根据不同品种的生长特性和土地条件，确定合理的种植密度，有利于提高作物产量和品质。

7. Rational planting density: According to the growth characteristics of different varieties and land conditions, determining a reasonable planting density is beneficial to improve crop yield and quality.

8. 秋分种，立冬盖，来年清明吃菠菜。在秋分的时候种植菠菜，第二年的清明节菠菜就上市了。

8. Sow the spinach at the autumnal equinox, cover it on the winter solstice, and enjoy it at the Qingming Festival the following year. Plant spinach during the autumnal equinox, and it will be ready for consumption at the Qingming Festival the following year.

9. 伏表示阴气受阳气所迫藏伏在地下的意思，每年有三个伏，三伏天是一年中最热的时候。从夏至开始，依照干、支纪日的排列，第三个庚日起为初伏。第四个庚日起为中伏，立秋起第一个庚日为末伏的首日，末伏十天。

9. The character "伏" signifies the concealment of yin energy being forced underground by yang energy. There are three periods of "伏" each year, and the "Three Heat Days" are the hottest time of the year. Starting from the Summer Solstice, according to the arrangement of the Heavenly Stem and Earthly Branch in the calendar, the day of the third Jia (one of the ten Heavenly Stems) marks the beginning of the first "伏". The day of the fourth Jia marks the middle "伏", and the first Jia day after the start of the Autumn Equinox is the first day of the last "伏", which lasts for ten days.

10. 整地：在种植前需要对土地进行深耕细作，增加土壤的通透性和保水保肥能力，有利于作物的生长。

10. Soil Preparation: Before planting, the land needs to be deeply cultivated and finely worked to improve the soil's permeability and water and nutrient retention capacity, which is beneficial for the growth of crops.

11. 八月八，冬瓜南瓜回了家。九月不刨葱，十月一场空。霜降不刨葱，越长越心空

11. On the eighth day of August, the winter melon and pumpkin returned home. In September, do not dig up scallions; by October, everything will be in vain. If you do not dig up scallions before the frost descends, the longer they grow, the more hollow your heart will become.

12. 庚日的“庚”字是“甲、乙、丙、丁、戊、己、庚、辛、壬、癸”十天干中的第七个字，庚日每十天重复一次。伏天的起讫时间每年都不尽相同，大致是在七月中旬到八月中旬。

12. The character "庚" in the term "庚日" refers to the seventh character in the "Ten Celestial Stems" — "甲、乙、丙、丁、戊、己、庚、辛、壬、癸." The "庚日" repeats every ten days. The start and end of the hot summer days, known as "Fu Tian," varies each year, generally from the middle of July to the middle of August.

13. 谷雨前后种瓜点豆的意思是，在谷雨这个节气前后，是种植瓜类和豆类等作物的最佳时期。这是由于谷雨时节的气候特点适合这些作物的生长。

13. The meaning of "plant melons and beans before and after the Grain in Ear" is that the best time for planting crops such as melons and beans is around the Grain in Ear solar term. This is because the climate characteristics of the Grain in Ear season are suitable for the growth of these crops.

14. 七芫，八菠。芫荽不热不种，不冷不弄。七月正热的时候种芫荽八月种菠菜。

14. In the 7th month, plant coriander; in the 8th month, plant spinach. Coriander should not be planted when it's too hot or too cold; it should not be handled when it's too cold or too hot. Plant coriander in the peak of July and spinach in August.

15. 谷雨是二十四节气中的一个，通常出现在每年的4月19日到21日之间。谷雨时节，气温逐渐升高，降雨量也逐渐增多，这为作物的生长提供了良好的环境。在这个时期，土壤湿度适宜，温度适中，有利于种子萌发和作物生长。因此，谷雨前后是种植瓜类和豆类等作物的最佳时期。

15. Grains Rain is one of the 24 solar terms, usually occurring between April 19th and 21st each year. During the Grains Rain season, the temperature gradually rises, and the rainfall also increases, providing a favorable environment for the growth of crops. At this time, the soil moisture is suitable, and the temperature is moderate, which is conducive to seed germination and crop growth. Therefore, the best period for planting crops such as melons and beans is around the time of Grains Rain.

16. 立夏种棉花，有苗无疙瘩。小满种谷，憋满仓屋。一棵红薯一把灰，红薯结成一大堆。

16. Plant cotton on the day of Lixia, and there will be seedlings without any lumps. Plant grains on the day of Xiaoman, and the granary will be full. One sweet potato requires a handful of ash, and the sweet potatoes will grow into a large pile.

17. 选种：选择适合当地气候和土壤条件的瓜类和豆类品种，同时要注意选用抗病、抗逆性强的品种。

17. Seed Selection: Choose melon and bean varieties that are suitable for the local climate and soil conditions, while also paying attention to selecting varieties that are resistant to diseases and have strong stress resistance.

18. 雨种豆子晴种棉，种菜宜在连阴天。浅种油菜苗苗旺，深点南瓜爱死人。葱怕雨，韭怕晒，杨树开花种苋菜。生土萝卜熟地葱，深栽茄子浅栽葱，淹不死的白菜旱不死的葱。苋菜越老越结籽，葫芦越老越开花。蕃茄能结五六层，打去顶尖莫心痛。立冬快拔菜，不拔受霜害。冬至收萝卜，小雪收白菜。

18. Sow beans in the rain, cotton in the sun, and grow vegetables during continuous cloudy days. Sow rapeseed seedlings shallowly to ensure vigorous growth, plant pumpkins a bit deeper, and they'll be loved to death. Onions dislike rain, chives dislike sun exposure, and when poplar trees bloom, plant amaranth. Freshly turned soil is good for radishes, and mature soil is good for scallions. Plant eggplants deeply and scallions shallowly; cabbage that can't be drowned will not die in drought. Amaranth becomes seedlier as it gets older, and gourds bloom more as they age. Tomatoes can produce up to five or six layers of fruit; don't be sad when you prune the top. It's best to pull up vegetables before the Winter Solstice to avoid frost damage. Harvest radishes around the Winter Solstice and cabbage around the Small Snow Festival.

19. 种植瓜类和豆类等作物需要在适宜的时期进行。如果种植过早，土壤温度较低，不利于种子的萌发和作物的生长。如果种植过晚，虽然土壤温度适宜，但是作物的生长周期会缩短，影响产量和质量。因此，在选择种植时期时，需要考虑作物的生长特点、土壤条件和气候特点等因素。

19. The cultivation of crops such as melons and beans requires planting at the appropriate time. If planted too early, the soil temperature is low, which is unfavorable for seed germination and crop growth. If planted too late, although the soil temperature is suitable, the growth cycle of the crops will be shortened, affecting yield and quality. Therefore, when choosing the planting period, factors such as the growth characteristics of the crops, soil conditions, and climatic characteristics need to be considered.

20. 头伏萝卜二伏菜，末伏种的好油菜。三伏里头种白菜，处暑就把白菜移，十年准有九不离。

20. During the first hot summer period, plant radishes; in the second, plant vegetables; and at the end of the hot summer, plant good rapeseed. In the midst of the three hot periods, plant cabbage; and by the time of the summer solstice, transplant the cabbage. There's a 90% accuracy in this method over ten years.