1. 俚语，这个术语有时跟俗语相混，俚俗并称。这个“俚”，跟“乡里”之“里”有关，望文生义，也就是里人（乡下人）的意思。俚语常指带有方言色彩的土语。既然它有时跟俗语相混，而“惯用语”实际上又多指俚语，不如就借用“俚语”一词，来专指这些描述性的俗语。

1. Slang, this term is sometimes confused with proverbs, and they are often mentioned together. This "slang" is related to the character "里" in "乡里," which, by literal interpretation, means "people from the countryside." Slang often refers to local dialects with regional characteristics. Since it is sometimes confused with proverbs, and "colloquialisms" actually often refer to slang, it might be better to borrow the term "slang" to specifically refer to these descriptive colloquialisms.

2. ②三天打鱼，两天晒网（形象，八个字，成语→俗语）

2. ② Fish for three days and dry the net for two (figurative, eight characters, idiom → colloquialism)

3. Face green eats alcohol， face red eats wine.

3. A face with green signifies drinking alcohol, while a face with red signifies drinking wine.

4. 纸糊的琵琶 － <谈（弹）不得>

4. Paper-covered Pipa - <Not to be played (strummed)>

5. ◆只怕不勤，不怕不精；只怕无恒，不怕无成。

5. ◆ Be afraid of not being diligent, not afraid of not being proficient; be afraid of lack of perseverance, not afraid of lack of achievement.

6. New Year Cake 年糕 sweet dumpling 元宵，汤圆 symbolize 象征，代表 基于1个网页 - 搜索相关网页 -Sweet Memories： 甜密的回忆；松田圣子；美好回忆；甜蜜的记忆 甜密的回忆 优美甜美唱腔表现得淋漓尽致 《甜蜜的回忆 DSD》(

6. New Year Cake (Nian Gao) and Sweet Dumplings (Yuanxiao) symbolize and represent. Based on 1 web page - Search related web pages - Sweet Memories: Sweet Memories; Machiko Sato; Nice Memories; Sweet Memories. Sweet Memories - A beautifully sweet singing voice is fully expressed in "Sweet Memories DSD" (Sweet Memories Digital Stereo Sound).

7. 寡妇难当，独酒难饮。

7. It's hard to be a widow, and hard to drink alone.

8. 谚语是在人民群众中广泛流传的固定语句，是人民群众在长期生活实践中总结出来的经验和教训的结晶。谚语虽然简单通俗，但反映的道理却非常深刻。

8. Proverbs are fixed expressions widely spread among the people, which are the crystallization of experiences and lessons summed up by the people in their long-term life practice. Although proverbs are simple and popular, the principles they reflect are very profound.

9. 有些成语，为了增强形象性，往往会转化成歇后语。

9. Some idioms are often transformed into puns to enhance their imagery.

10. Widows are hard to drink alone.

10. Widows are hard to drink alone.

11. 酒肉朋友千千万，落难相助无一人。

11. There are thousands upon thousands of wine and meat friends, but none come to help when in trouble.

12. 歇后语、俏皮话，基本上是同义词。歇后语是语言学上的术语，俏皮话是口头上的称呼。

12. Pun and witticism are basically synonyms. Pun is a term in linguistics, while witticism is a colloquial term.

13. 曹操吃鸡肋 － <食之无味，弃之可惜>

13. Cao Cao eats chicken ribs - <Not delicious to eat, not worth throwing away>

14. The snail chopped the old wine and the robber came and refused to leave.

14. The snail cut the old wine, and the robber came and refused to leave.

15. Rich triton， no money as shiroline.

15. Wealthy triton, no money like shiroline.

16. ④鸡蛋碰石头← →以卵击石

16. ④ Hitting eggs against stones ← → To break one's eggs against a stone

17. Eat too much and drink too much.

17. Eat too much and drink too much.

18. 懒婆娘的裹脚 -- <又长又臭>。

18. The foot bindings of a lazy woman -- <long and smelly>

19. 不啉过量酒，不啉隔暝茶。

19. Too much wine without food, tea without rest.

20. People should be good at old age and wine should be good at old age.

20. People should be wise in their old age, and wine should be fine in its maturity.

21. ◆为富不仁 ，为仁不富。

21. ◆Those who amass wealth without compassion, and those who show compassion are not necessarily wealthy.

22. 人要老格好，酒要陈格好。

22. People should age gracefully, and wine should mature gracefully.

23. 酒逢知己饮，诗向会人呤。

23. Wine meets a friend for a drink, poetry is recited to those who appreciate it.

24. 俗语，也称常言，俗话，这三者应该是同义词。俗语一词，已经普遍用作语言学的术语；常言一词，带有文言的色彩；俗话一词，则有口语的气息。

24. The common saying, also known as proverbs and popular sayings, are synonyms of each other. The term "common saying" has been commonly used as a linguistic term; "proverb" carries the flavor of classical Chinese; while "popular saying" has the breath of spoken language.

25. ◆一天不练手脚慢，两天不练丢一半，三天不练门外汉，四天不练瞪眼看。

25.◆ Not practicing for a day makes your hands and feet slow, not practicing for two days loses half, not practicing for three days makes you a beginner, and not practicing for four days makes you watch in awe.

26. Wine can make a success， but wine can fail.

26. Wine can lead to success, but wine can also lead to failure.

27. 以上三组，严格地说，甲为格言，乙为谚语。但是，由于人们教育水准的提高，这些带有文言色彩的格言也进入了口语。我们只能尽可能地加以区分，而不得不承认，实际上存在一些交错现象

27. In strict terms, the first group is a maxim, the second is a proverb. However, due to the improvement of people's educational level, these maxims with classical Chinese characteristics have also entered the spoken language. We can only make distinctions as best as we can, while we have to admit that there are some overlapping phenomena in reality.

28. sweet [[swi:t]] adj 甜的；悦耳的；芳香的；亲切的 n 糖果；乐趣；芳香；宝贝 （俚）酷毙了 网络释义21世纪大英汉词典英英释义 -sweet： 甜的；糖果；甜蜜；陈治琼 甜的 水果词汇大拼盘 tart 酸的 sweet 甜的 bitter 苦的 基于393个网页 - 搜索相关网页 糖果 单词学习（

28. sweet [[swi:t]] adj - sweet: having a pleasant taste of sugar; pleasing to the ear; fragrant; amiable n - sweet: candy; pleasure; fragrance; darling (colloquial) awesome Online Interpretation 21st Century Great Han Ying Dictionary - English-English Interpretation - sweet: sweet; candy; sweetness; Chen Zhiqiong Sweet: Fruits Vocabulary Salad - tart: sour; sweet: sweet; bitter: bitter Based on 393 web pages - Search related web pages Candy - Word Learning (

29. Drinking shops make up a lot， and eat more distress.

29. Drinking establishments are numerous, and they cause more distress.

30. Wine depends on brewing， and rice depends on seedling.?>

30. Wine depends on fermentation, and rice depends on seedlings.

31. Old bones make old wine， brine makes meals.

31. Old bones make old wine, brine makes meals.

32. A thousand drinks are not enough for a confidant， but half a sentence is not speculative.

32. A thousand drinks are not enough to satisfy a confidant, but half a sentence is not speculative.

33. 新科状元是苏州人，奏了一本，说苏州有位祖传名医叫曹沧洲，绰号赛华佗，有妙手回春之术，将他请来，或许太后的福体可以转安。

33. The newly crowned top scholar is from Suzhou, and he submitted a memorial to the throne, saying that there is a famous traditional physician in Suzhou named Cao Cangzhou, known as "the Competitor of Hua Tuo," who possesses the miraculous skill of bringing back spring. By inviting him, perhaps the empress dowager's health might be restored.

34. 还有，谚语为人们对生产,生活中长期积累的经验进行描述的简练语言，这个就是它的来源。。

34. Furthermore, proverbs are concise languages that describe the long-term accumulated experience of people in production and life; this is the origin of proverbs.

35. 一个巧皮匠,没有好鞋样;两个笨皮匠,彼此有商量;

35. A clever leatherworker doesn't need a good shoe pattern; two clumsy leatherworkers can discuss with each other.

36. 抽刀断水水更流，借酒浇愁愁更愁。

36. Pulling out a knife to sever water makes it flow even faster, pouring wine to drown one's sorrows only makes the sorrow deeper.

37. 过量酒勿可吃，意外财勿可领。

37. Do not consume excessive alcohol, and do not accept unexpected wealth.

38. 最早出现"歇后"这一名称的是在唐代。《旧唐书。郑綮列传》中就已提到过有所谓"郑五歇后体"（一种"歇后"体诗）。但它作为一种语言形式和语言表现，远在先秦时期就已出现了。如《战国策。楚策四》："亡羊而补牢，未为迟也。"意思是说，失了羊再去修补羊圈，还不算太晚。这是我们今天所看到的最早的歇后语。

38. The earliest mention of the term "歇后" was during the Tang Dynasty. The "Old Book of Tang: Biography of Zheng Jie" already mentioned the existence of what was called "Zheng Wu Xiehou style" (a type of "Xiehou" poetic style). However, as a form of language and linguistic expression, it had already appeared as early as the Warring States period. As mentioned in "The Strategies of the Warring States: The Strategies of Chu, Volume Four": "If you lose a sheep and then repair the pen, it is not too late." This means that if you lose a sheep and then go to repair the pen, it is still not too late. This is the earliest "Xiehou" idiom that we see today.

39. 在家不避父母,出嫁不避丈夫,有病不避大夫。

39. At home, one does not avoid one's parents; after marriage, one does not avoid one's husband; when ill, one does not avoid one's doctor.

40. Long wine makes vinegar， long manure makes soil.

40. Long wine turns into vinegar, long manure turns into soil.

41. ◆不下水，一辈子不会游泳；不扬帆，一辈子不会撑船。

41.◆ If you never dive into the water, you will never learn to swim; if you never hoist the sail, you will never learn to row a boat.

42. 曹沧州像个乡下佬，平常不欢喜开口，走路也是慢吞吞的。这天，他接到圣旨，顿时面如土色，抱着一家老小嚎啕大哭。他认定，西太后若不到不可救药的地步，是不会从京城到苏州来请他的，治不好西太后，医生要殉葬，自己这条命是有去无回了。可圣旨不能违拗，曹沧洲只好硬着头皮动身。他一到北京刚住下，就借口路上受了风寒，便卧床不起，其实生病是假：要摸慈禧太后生病的根子是真。头一件大事是查看她吃了些什么药？不查不知道，一查吓一跳。慈禧太后每天吃的山珍海味不说，单是人参一项，日日恨不得泡在参汤里洗浴。还有燕窝、银耳，更是当饭吃。曹沧洲想到，医书上早有记载：“滋补过多，必然食阻中焦，中焦闭塞，危在旦夕。”找出病源，他的胆子大了，便去替慈禧太后看病了。

42. Cao Cangzhou acted like a country bumpkin, not fond of speaking much and walking slowly as well. On this day, upon receiving the imperial decree, his face turned pale, and he burst into tears, hugging his elderly and children. He believed that if the Empress Dowager Cixi had not reached a point of no return, she would not have come to Suzhou from the capital to invite him. If he couldn't cure the Empress Dowager, the doctor would have to accompany her to the grave, and his life would be over. However, he could not defy the imperial decree, so he had to leave reluctantly. Upon arriving in Beijing and settling in, he claimed to have caught a cold on the journey and lay in bed, unable to get up. In reality, he was feigning illness: his real intention was to find out the root of the Empress Dowager's illness. The first major task was to find out what kind of medicine she was taking? Not knowing, he was shocked upon investigation. Besides the delicacies she ate every day, just the ginseng alone, she wanted to bathe in ginseng soup every day. Not to mention bird's nest and silver ear, which she ate as if they were regular food. Cao Cangzhou thought to himself, "According to medical texts, overindulgence in tonics will inevitably obstruct the middle burner, and if the middle burner is blocked, it is a matter of life and death." After identifying the source of the illness, he gained courage and went to treat the Empress Dowager.

43. 歇后语形式上是半截话（前半为形象或事例，后半为解释、说明），实际上是要把话说得更形象些，更具体些。因此，歇后语应该包括在俗语之内。不过，歇后语中的形象常常是漫画式的，带有戏谑调侃的色彩。它用种种修辞手段，对字、词、语、句（包括俗语本身）加以修饰，使之生动活泼。因而跟谚语、描述性俗语（改称俚语），又有些不同。如：

43. The idiom is formally a half-sentence (the first half being a metaphor or example, and the second half being an explanation or clarification), but in actuality, it aims to make the expression more vivid and specific. Therefore, idioms should be included within proverbs. However, the imagery in idioms is often cartoonish and carries a playful, teasing tone. It uses various rhetorical devices to embellish characters, words, phrases, and sentences (including the proverbs themselves), making them lively and dynamic. Therefore, it is somewhat different from proverbs and descriptive idioms (also known as slang). For example:

44. Don't drink too much， don't talk too much.

44. Don't drink too much, don't talk too much.

45. ◆今天来客，往日有意；今天打架，往日有气。

45. ◆ Today's guests, yesterday's intentions; today's fights, yesterday's anger.

46. You can snowflakes fly， I can old wine.

46. You can snowflakes fly, I can old wine. (Note: The sentence seems to be a playful or poetic expression rather than standard English grammar. It could be interpreted as a statement of personal preference or a metaphorical comparison.)

47. ⑥拉完磨杀驴← →卸磨杀驴

47. ⑥ Slaughtering the donkey after grinding grains ← → Slaughtering the donkey after unloading grains

48. 饭是根本肉长膘，酒行皮肤烟通窍。

48. Rice is the root of gaining weight, while alcohol makes the skin glow and tobacco clears the orifices.

49. Don't eat too much wine， don't take unexpected wealth.

49. Don't overindulge in wine, don't seek unexpected wealth.

50. 酒会助人，酒会害人。

50. A drinking party can help people, but it can also harm them.

51. 以上各组例句，甲、乙意思相同，甲为俗语，乙为成语。俗语以形象为主体；成语以精练为特色。俗语多为完整的句子，长短不一，运用时可以变通；成语多为四个字的稳定结构，形式整齐。俗语流行于人民群众的口头上，文字上保持着通俗的特点；成语多用作书面语，文字上趋向典雅。从这一比较中，可以从主要方面作出界定：俗语是以形象为主体的通俗的口语，它的结构形式相对稳定，而在实际运用中可以灵活变通。

51. In the above groups of example sentences, the meanings of A and B are the same. A is a colloquialism, and B is an idiom. Colloquialisms are characterized by their imagery, while idioms are known for their conciseness. Colloquialisms are mostly complete sentences of varying lengths, which can be flexible in usage; idioms are usually a stable structure of four characters, with a neat form. Colloquialisms are popular among the people and maintain a通俗 characteristic in written form; idioms are mostly used in written language, and the style tends to be elegant. From this comparison, we can define them from the main aspects: colloquialisms are popular oral expressions with imagery as the main body, their structural forms are relatively stable, and they can be flexible in practical usage.

52. 汤片鸭子 Fried duck slice 汤团 Sweet dumpling 糖醋拌海蜇皮丝 Shredded jellyfish in sweet and sour sauce 基于110个网页 - 搜索相关网页 元宵 英语主食类单词 爱问知识人 rice noodles 米线 sweet dumpling 元宵 egg fried rice 蛋炒饭 基于44个网页 - 搜索相关网页 汤圆 无形无极的BBLbLoG _ 新浪博客 馒头 steamed bread汤圆 sweet dumpling粽子 Zongzi 基于2个网页 - 搜索相关网页 元宵，汤圆 Spring Festival（

52. Fried duck slice - Soup slice duck, Sweet dumpling - Tangtuan, Shredded jellyfish in sweet and sour sauce - Sweet and sour shredded jellyfish Based on 110 web pages - Search related web pages English main course words for Yuanxiao - Yuanxiao, rice noodles - Mianxian, sweet dumpling - Tangtuan, egg fried rice - Dadafan Based on 44 web pages - Search related web pages Sweet dumpling - Tangtuan, invisible and extreme BBLbLoG - Sina Blog, steamed bread - Mantou, sweet dumpling - Tangtuan, Zongzi - Zongzi Based on 2 web pages - Search related web pages Yuanxiao, sweet dumpling - Spring Festival (Yuanxiao)

53. 有些图书把俗语、谚语并称为俗谚，把它们汇编在一起。汇编在一起是可以理解的，但二者并不相等。谚语只是俗语的一部分，它是一些总结知识经验，寓有思想意义的俗语。如：

53. Some books refer to proverbs and sayings together as "popular proverbs" and compile them into collections. It is understandable to compile them together, but they are not equal. A proverb is only a part of a saying; it is a saying that summarizes knowledge and experience, carrying an ideological meaning. For example:

54. ⑤鸡飞蛋打一场空← →鸡飞蛋打

54. ⑤ A vain chase after eggs and chickens ← → A vain chase after eggs and chickens

55. 饮酒不醉最为高，好色不乱乃英豪。

55. The highest form of drinking is not to get drunk, and the greatest form of loving beauty is to remain orderly.

56. 我们有理由认为，这是当时流行在民间的俗语，是出于一般人民的生活经验。这类古代的歇后语，虽然很少见于文字记载，但在民间流传相信是不少的。如钱大昕《恒言录》所载："千里寄鹅毛，物轻人意重，复斋所载宋时谚也。"这类歇后语，直到今天还继续为人们所使用。

56. We have reason to believe that this was a popular saying among the people at that time, arising from the general life experience of the common people. Such ancient enigmatic proverbs, although rarely seen in written records, were believed to be quite numerous in the folk tradition. As recorded in Qian Daxin's "Record of Constant Sayings": "Sending a goose feather a thousand miles, the object is light but the meaning is heavy, a proverb from the Song Dynasty as recorded in Fu Zhai." These enigmatic proverbs are still in use by people today.

57. 饮酒千杯勿计较，交易丝毫莫糊涂。

57. No matter how many cups of wine you drink, don't be picky; don't be confused in any transaction.

58. the Dragon Boat Festival 端午节

58. The Dragon Boat Festival (Duanwu Festival)

59. ◆见人不施礼，枉跑四十里；见人施一礼，少走十里地。

59. ▲ Not showing respect when meeting someone, it's a waste of running forty miles; showing respect with one bow, you can save ten miles of walking.

60. 吃人酒肉，替人出力。

60. Eat human flesh and drink human meat, do favors for others.

61. 俗语语句结构如果趋向整齐，就有可能转化为成语；成语如果增加形象化的成分，就有可能转化为俗语。俗语转化为成语，仍然可以保持它的形象性；成语转化为俗语，如果缺少形象，就要加以补充，往往转化为歇后语。（参见下文歇后语）俗语与成语，二者既有联系，又有区别。俗语有俗语的优点；成语有成语的长处。俗语使得描写生动活泼，成语使得论述铿锵有力，都值得很好学习。

61. If the structure of common sayings tends to be neat, they may be transformed into idioms; if idioms add more imagery, they may become common sayings. When a common saying is transformed into an idiom, it can still maintain its imagery; if an idiom lacks imagery when transformed into a common saying, it needs to be supplemented, often becoming a proverbial saying (see the following section on proverbs). Common sayings and idioms are both connected and distinct. Common sayings have their own merits; idioms have their own strengths. Common sayings make descriptions vivid and lively, while idioms make arguments forceful and resounding, both of which are worth studying well.

62. 剁螺蛳过老酒，强盗来了不肯走。

62. Chopping螺蛳with old wine, the robbers came and wouldn't leave.

63. Gluttony injures the body and lust injures the life.

63. Gluttony injures the body and lust injures the life.

64. 啉茶配话，啉酒赏月。

64. Drink tea while chatting, enjoy wine while admiring the moon.

65. 面青青吃酒精，面红红吃酒人。

65. Green face with alcohol, red face with wine drinkers.

66. Drivers have a glass of wine and relatives have two lines of tears.

66. The drivers have a glass of wine, and the relatives have two lines of tears.

67. Better to sit up all night than go to bed with a dragon 与其跟龙一块儿上床，宁可坐着熬一整夜。

67. Better to sit up all night than go to bed with a dragon: It's better to stay awake all night than to go to bed with a dragon.

68. 有一年，慈禧太后忽然得了重病，头痛，心痛，肚皮痛，病到奄奄一息的地步，急得满朝文武百官团团转。北京城里名医车载斗量，可是对西太后的病症，都束手无策。是没有本领吗？不是的，实在是责任太大，在用药上为难了，轻了不见效，重了怕万一失误，吃罪不起。所以，弄得慈禧太后的毛病一天危急一天，眼看就要横下来了。

68. One year, the Empress Dowager Cixi suddenly fell seriously ill with headaches, heartaches, and stomachaches, and her condition was so dire that she was on the brink of death. The officials in the court were in a state of panic. There were many renowned doctors in Beijing, but none could find a solution to the Empress Dowager's illness. Was it because they lacked skill? Not at all. It was simply because the responsibility was too great. They were at a loss in terms of medication, as too little wouldn't show any effect, and too much was feared to cause any mishap they couldn't bear. As a result, the Empress Dowager's condition grew more critical day by day, and it seemed she was on the verge of collapsing.

69. ①板凳没焐热← →席不暇暖

69. ①The bench has not been warmed up yet← →There is no time to sit down comfortably

70. 一个巴掌打不响 -- <孤掌难鸣>；

70. One hand cannot make a sound -- <A single hand cannot make a sound>;

71. ◆菜能吃，糠能吃，气不能吃；吃能让，穿能让，理不能让。

71. ◆Vegetables can be eaten, chaff can be eaten, air cannot be eaten; one can compromise on eating and dressing, but one cannot compromise on principles.

72. 这类歇后语，是用实在的或想象的事情作比方。如果对设比事情的特点、情状有所了解，也自然能领悟后半截的"谜底"。

72. This kind of idiom uses actual or imagined things as metaphors. If you have an understanding of the characteristics or circumstances of the things being compared, you can naturally comprehend the "puzzle answer" in the latter part.

73. Draw a knife， cut off water and flow more， drink more sorrow.

73. Draw a knife, cut off water and let it flow more, drink more sorrow.

74. 在研究歇后语的渊源时，有些语言学家和语言学专著还述及其它有关名称。如陈望道在《修辞学发凡》中，将歇后语列入"藏词"格一节介绍；郭绍虞在《谚语的研究》中，指出歇后语源起于"射覆语"（类似猜谜的一种形式）；另外一些书上又列出诸如"隐语"、"谜语"、"谚语"、"缩脚语"、"俏皮话"等名称。加以比较，大都揭示出其中一些共同之处和相异之点。关于歇后语的分类，向无定说。何况还有不少歇后语，一身兼有几种性质，要划分得十分科学，是比较困难的。为了便于查阅，我们将歇后语条目中凡带有谐音字的归入一类，其余的按照比喻部分的性质分为三类。

74. In studying the origins of puns, some linguists and linguistic monographs also mention other related names. For example, Chen Wangdao in "On the Fundamentals of Rhetoric" includes puns in the section on "Hidden Words" for introduction; Guo Shaoyu in "The Study of Proverbs" points out that the origin of puns can be traced back to "Shèfù language" (a form similar to guessing riddles); other books also list names such as "secret language," "riddles," "proverbs," "shortened words," and "jest." Comparison of these reveals some commonalities and differences among them. There is no definitive classification for puns. Moreover, many puns possess several characteristics at once, making it difficult to categorize them scientifically. For the convenience of reference, we have categorized the entries of puns with homophones into one category, and the rest are divided into three categories according to the nature of the metaphorical part.

75. 秋后的蚂蚁 － <蹦达不了几天>

75. Ants after autumn - <Can't bounce for long>

76. “早吃生姜晚吃萝卜，郎中先生急得哭”的谚语由来

76. The origin of the proverb "Early ginger, late radish, the doctor cries in a hurry."

77. ③国家的事再小也是大的，个人的事再大也是小的

77. ③ Even the smallest matter of the state is of great importance, and even the biggest matter of an individual is of little importance.

78. ②竹篮子打水，一场空（前为形象，后为解释，描述性俗语→俚语）

78. ② Empty pot carrying water, all for naught (the former is a metaphor, the latter is an explanation, descriptive slang → colloquialism)

79. ◆玉不琢，不成器；木不雕，不成材；人不学，不知理。

79. ◆Without being polished, jade cannot become a utensil; without being carved, wood cannot become material; without learning, people cannot understand principles.