1. 子夏曰：博学而笃志，切问而近思，仁在其中矣。

1. Zixia said: To be erudite and steadfast in one's aspirations, to ask questions earnestly and to think deeply, and benevolence can be found within.

2. 子曰：躬自厚而薄责于人，则远怨矣。

2. Confucius said: If one is strict with oneself and lenient with others, one will avoid resentment.

3. 子曰：不患人之不己知，患不知人也。

3. Confucius said: "Do not worry that people do not know you; worry that you do not know people."

4. 子曰：君子求诸己，小人求诸人。

4. Confucius said: A gentleman seeks from himself, a small man seeks from others.

5. 颜渊问仁。子曰：克己复礼为仁。一日克己复礼，天下归仁焉。为仁由己，而由人乎哉？

5. Yan Yu asked about benevolence. Confucius said: "To conquer oneself and restore propriety is benevolence. When one day conquers oneself and restores propriety, the world will revert to benevolence. Is benevolence something that comes from oneself, or from others?"

6. 子贡曰：君子之过也，如日月之食焉。过也，人皆见之；更也，人皆仰之。

6. Zigong said: The mistakes of a gentleman are like the solar and lunar eclipses. When he makes a mistake, everyone sees it; when he corrects it, everyone looks up to him.

7. 子曰：质胜文则野，文胜质则史。文质彬彬，然后君子。

7. Confucius said: If substance outweighs style, one becomes uncouth; if style outweighs substance, one becomes pedantic. Only when style and substance are balanced can one be called a gentleman.

8. 子曰：三人行，必有我师焉。择其善者而从之，其不善者而改之。?>

8. Confucius said: When three people walk together, there must be someone I can learn from. I will follow the good in them, and correct the bad in myself.

9. 曾子曰：君子以文会友，以友辅仁。

9. Zengzi said: A gentleman gathers friends with culture, and uses friends to assist in cultivating benevolence.

10. 子曰：见贤思齐焉，见不贤而内自省也。

10. Confucius said: "When you see a virtuous person, think of becoming like him; when you see an unvirtuous person, scrutinize yourself."

11. 子曰：学而时习之，不亦说乎？有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？人不知而不愠，不亦君子乎？

11. Confucius said: Is it not pleasant to learn and practice what one has learned? Is it not joyous to have friends coming from afar? Is it not the mark of a gentleman not to be angry when others do not understand you?

12. 子曰：道不同，不相为谋。

12. Confucius said: "If the ways are not the same, they cannot be planned together."

13. 曾子曰：吾日三省吾身。为人谋而不忠乎？与朋友交而不信乎？传不习乎？

13. Zengzi said: "I examine myself three times a day. Have I been disloyal in planning for others? Have I been untrustworthy in my dealings with friends? Have I neglected to study what I was taught?"

14. 子曰：君子欲讷于言而敏于行。

14. Confucius said: "A gentleman desires to be slow in speech and swift in action."

15. 孔子曰：益者三友，损者三友。友直，友谅，友多闻，益矣。友便辟，友善柔，友便佞，损矣。

15. Confucius said: There are three kinds of friends that are beneficial, and three kinds of friends that are detrimental. Friends who are honest, friends who are forgiving, and friends who are knowledgeable are beneficial. Friends who are cunning, friends who are fawning, and friends who are sly are detrimental.

16. 子曰：“学而时习之，不亦说乎？有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？不人知而不愠，不亦君子乎？”

16. Confucius said: "Is it not pleasant to learn and practice what one has learned from time to time? Isn't it joyful to have friends coming from afar? Not to be angry when others do not understand you, isn't that the way of a gentleman?"

17. 译文：孔子说：“学习了做人处事的道理，在适当的时候去印正练习，不也觉得高兴吗？志同道合的朋友，从远方来相聚，不也觉得快乐吗？别人不了解而你并不生气，不也是君子的风度吗？”

17. Translation: Confucius said, "Isn't it pleasant to practice the principles of dealing with people and affairs at the right time? Isn't it joyful to have friends with the same ideals coming from afar to gather together? Isn't it also the demeanor of a gentleman not to be angry when others do not understand you?"

18. 有子曰：“其为人也孝悌，而好犯上者，鲜矣；不好犯上而好作乱者，未之有也。君子务本，本立而道生。孝悌也者，其为仁之本欤？”

18. Yu Zi said: "For a person who is filial and respectful to his elders, it is rare for him to be eager to challenge those in authority; and there has never been a person who does not like to challenge those in authority but enjoys causing turmoil. A gentleman devotes himself to the essentials, and once the essentials are established, the path of virtue is born. Filial piety and respect for elders, aren't they the foundation of benevolence?"

19. 译文：有子（指有若）说：“一个人能够做到孝顺父母与尊敬兄长，却喜欢冒犯上司，那是是很少有的；不喜欢冒犯上司，却喜欢犯上作乱的，那是不曾有过的。

19. Translation: You Zi (referring to You Ru) said, "It is rare for a person to be able to be filial to their parents and respect their elder brothers, yet still like to offend their superiors; and it is unprecedented for someone not to like offending their superiors but to still like causing turmoil and rebellion."

20. 有道的君子做任何事情都要找到一个根本，根本立住了，道自然就产生出来了（或：君子要在根基上好好努力，根基稳固了，人生的正途就会随之展现开来）。孝顺好父母与尊敬兄长，就是一个人作人的根本啊！”

20. A wise gentleman must find a root for everything he does; once the root is established, the way of the Tao naturally emerges (or: A gentleman must diligently strive on a solid foundation; once the foundation is stable, the right path in life will naturally unfold). Being filial to one's parents and respecting one's elder brother are the very root of being a person!"

21. 译文：孔子说：“言语美妙动听，表情和善热乎，这种人很少有真诚的心意。”

21. Translation: Confucius said, "Such people, with their eloquent and charming words, and kind and warm expressions, rarely have sincere intentions."

22. 曾子曰：“吾日三省吾身：为人谋而不忠乎？与朋友交而不信乎？传不习乎？”

Zengzi said, "I examine myself three times a day: Have I been disloyal in planning for others? Have I been untrustworthy in my dealings with friends? Have I neglected to study what I was taught?"

23. 译文：曾子（曾参）说：“我每天好几次这样省察自己：为别人办事是否尽心尽力？与朋友来往是否信守承诺？传授学生道理是否印证练习？（或：老师传授给我的道理，我有没有去认真实践呢？）”

23. Translation: Zengzi (Zeng Shen) said, "I examine myself many times a day: Have I put my heart and soul into doing things for others? Have I kept my promises when interacting with friends? Have I verified the teachings I impart to students through practice? (Or: Have I seriously practiced the teachings imparted to me by my teacher?)"

24. 子曰：“道千乘之国，敬事而信，节用而爱人，使民以时。”

24. Confucius said, "To govern a state with a thousand chariots, one should be respectful in their duties and trustworthy, economical in expenditures and loving towards the people, and utilize the people according to the seasons."

25. 译文：孔子说：“治理拥有一千辆战车的诸侯国，需要谨慎行事，诚实守信，并且节约费用，爱护官吏，役使民众要在农闲时间。”

25. Translation: Confucius said, "To govern a feudal state with a thousand chariots, one must act cautiously, be honest and trustworthy, and save expenses. One should cherish officials and make use of the people during the off-season for farming."

26. 子曰：“弟子入则孝，出则悌，谨而信，泛有众，而亲仁，行有余力，则以学文。”

26. Confucius said: "A student should be filial at home, respectful to elders outside the home, careful and honest, be inclusive of many, and close to the virtuous. If there is any remaining energy, then use it to study literature."

27. 译文：孔子说：“青少年在家要孝顺父母，出外要敬重兄长，行为谨慎而说话守信，广泛地爱护众人并且要亲近有善行芳表（有仁德的人）的人，认真做好这些事，再去努力学习书本上的知识（指文献典藉）。”

27. Translation: Confucius said, "Youth should be filial to their parents at home, respectful to their elder brothers when they go out, cautious in their actions and trustworthy in their speech. They should widely love many people and be close to those with virtuous actions and noble character (those with benevolence). After diligently doing these things, they should then go on to study the knowledge of books (referring to classical texts and literature)."

28. 子夏曰：“贤贤易色；事父母，能竭其力；事君，能致其身；与朋友交，言而有信。虽曰未学，吾必谓之学矣。”

28. Zixia said, "To hold the wise in high regard is to easily avoid desiring things of low value; to serve one's parents, one can exhaust all one's efforts; to serve one's ruler, one can dedicate one's entire being; and in dealing with friends, one should speak with integrity and keep one's promises. Although it may be said that these are not acts of learning, I must say that they are indeed acts of learning."

29. 译文：子夏（卜商）说：“娶妻子敬重德行，不以貌取人；侍奉父母，能够竭尽全力；侍奉君主，能够不惜生命；与朋友交往，说话诚实而守信用。这样的人，尽管他自己说没有学习，我一定说他已经学习过了。”

29. Translation: Zixia (Bo Shang) said, "When choosing a wife, one should respect her moral character and not judge by appearances; when serving one's parents, one should give one's all; when serving one's ruler, one should be willing to risk one's life; and when interacting with friends, one should speak honestly and keep one's word. Such a person, although he may say that he has not studied, I am certain that he has."

30. 子曰：“君子不重则不威，学则不固。主忠信，无友不如己者，过则勿惮改。”

30. Confucius said, "A gentleman is not formidable without seriousness, nor is his learning stable. He upholds loyalty and faithfulness, does not make friends with those who are not as good as himself, and is not afraid to correct his mistakes."

31. 译文：孔子说：“君子言行不庄重，就没有威严（威信），多方学习就会流于固陋（或：学习以后而不牢固，不明白道理，不能通达）。

31. Translation: Confucius said, "If a gentleman does not conduct himself with gravity in his words and actions, he will lack dignity (credibility). If he engages in extensive learning without consolidation, it will lead to narrow-mindedness (or: after learning, he will not firmly grasp the principles, will not understand the道理, and will not be able to communicate effectively)."

32. 以忠信为做人处事的原则（或：亲近忠厚信实的人，以忠信的人作为老师），不与志趣不相似的人交往（或：没有朋友不像自己的），有了过错不要害怕赶快改正。”

32. Take loyalty and honesty as the principle for dealing with people and affairs (or: associate with loyal and trustworthy individuals, and treat loyal people as one's teachers), do not associate with those who have different interests (or: do not have friends who are not like oneself), and do not fear making corrections quickly when one has made a mistake."

33. 译文：曾参说：“丧礼能慎重，祭祀能虔诚，社会风气就会趋于淳厚了。”

33. Translation: Zeng Zan said, "If the funeral rites are performed with solemnity and the sacrifices with sincerity, the social atmosphere will tend to become more profound and sincere."

34. 子禽问子贡曰：“夫子至于是邦也，必闻其政，求之与？抑与之与？”子贡曰：“夫子温、良、恭、俭、让以得之。夫子之求也，其诸异乎人之求之与？”

34. Zihou asked Zigong, "When Teacher Yu arrived in a state, he must know its politics, is he seeking it, or is it given to him?" Zigong replied, "Teacher Yu gains it through his gentleness, goodness, modesty, thrift, and yielding. Isn't his way of seeking different from others seeking it?"

35. 译文：子禽（陈亢）向子贡（端木赐）问道：“老师来到一个国家，一定能够听说这个国家的政事。这是特意去求取的呢？还是别人主动告诉他的？”子贡说：“老师是靠着温厚、和善、恭敬、节俭、谦让而获得的。即使是特意求取，老师的方法与别人也是不一样的吧？”

35. Translation: Zixing (Chen Kang) asked Zigong (Duanmu Ci): "When our teacher arrives in a country, he is always able to learn about the country's affairs. Is this because he deliberately seeks it out, or because others主动 tell him?" Zigong replied: "Our teacher gains this knowledge through gentleness, kindness, respect, frugality, and modesty. Even if he deliberately seeks it out, don't you think his methods are different from others?"

36. 子曰：“父在，观其志；父没，观其行；三年无改于父之道。可谓孝矣。”

36. Confucius said: "When the father is alive, observe his aspirations; when the father is gone, observe his actions; if he does not change his father's ways for three years, he can be called filial."

37. 译文：孔子说：“父亲在世的时候，要观察他的志向；父亲不在的时候，要观察他的行为。长时间不改变父亲善的、好的处事原则，就可以称得上是孝了。”

37. Translation: Confucius said, "When the father is alive, observe his aspirations; when the father is no longer present, observe his actions. If one maintains the father's good and proper principles of dealing with affairs without changing for a long time, then one can be said to be filial."

38. 有子曰：“礼之用，和为贵。先王之道，斯为美；小大由之。有所不行，知和而和，不以礼节之，亦不可行也。”

38. Yu Zi said, "The use of propriety lies in harmony, which is the most important. The ways of the former kings are beautiful in this regard; both great and small follow it. But there are cases where it does not work; if one knows harmony and seeks to achieve it without regulating it with propriety, it will also not work."

39. 译文：有子说：“礼在应用的时候，以形成和谐最为可贵。古代帝王的治国作风，就以这一点最为完美；无论小事大事，都要依循礼的规定，遇到有些地方行不通时，如果只知为了和谐而求和谐，没有以礼来节制的话呢，恐怕还是成不了事的。”

39. Translation: Yu Zi said, "The most valuable aspect of propriety is its application in creating harmony. The style of governance by ancient emperors is considered the most perfect in this regard; whether in small or great matters, one must adhere to the stipulations of propriety. If, when encountering places where propriety cannot be applied, one only seeks harmony without the constraint of propriety, it is likely that nothing will be accomplished."

40. 有子曰：“信近于义，言可复也。恭近于礼，远耻辱也。因不失其亲，亦可宗也。”

40. Yu Zi said, "Faith is close to righteousness, and one's words can be relied upon. Respect is close to propriety, and it keeps one from shame and dishonor. To maintain one's kinship is not to lose one's relatives, and is also something to be revered."

41. 译文：有子（有若）说：“与人约信，尽量合乎道义，说话才能实践。谦恭待人，尽量合乎礼节，就会避开耻辱。施恩于人而不失去原有的爱心，这样就值得尊敬了（或：依靠的人，要慎重选择，一定是值得亲近、尊敬的人，才可以跟他学，他可以实实在在帮你办事）。”

41. Translation: You Ruo (You Ru) said, "When making an agreement with others based on trust, try to conform to righteousness in order for words to be put into practice. Treat others with humility, and try to conform to propriety, and you will avoid shame. Bestow kindness on others without losing your original love for them, and this is something that deserves respect (or: When relying on someone, be cautious in your choice; only a person worthy of intimacy and respect should be chosen to learn from, who can truly help you with matters)."

42. 子曰：“君子食无求饱，居无求安，敏于事而慎于言，就有道而正焉，可谓好学也已。”

42. Confucius said: "A gentleman does not seek to eat to the point of fullness, nor to live in comfort. He is quick to act and cautious in speech, seeks to align himself with the path of righteousness, and can be considered a lover of learning."

43. 译文：孔子说：“一个君子，饮食不求满足，居住不求舒适，办事勤快而说话谨慎，主动向志行高尚的人请求教导指正，这样可以称得上是好学的人了。”

43. Translation: Confucius said, "A gentleman does not seek satisfaction in food and drink, does not seek comfort in living quarters, is diligent in his work and cautious in his speech, and actively seeks guidance and correction from those of noble character. Such a person can be called a good learner."

44. 子贡曰：“贫而无谄，富而无骄，何如？”子曰：“可矣；未若贫而乐（道），富而好礼者也。”

44. Zi Gong said, "What if a person is poor but not obsequious, and rich but not proud? How about that?" Confucius replied, "That is good enough; but it is better yet to be poor and happy with the Tao, and rich and fond of propriety."

45. 子贡曰：“《诗》云：‘如切如磋，如琢如磨’，其斯之谓与？”子曰：“赐也，始可与言《诗》已矣，告诸往而知来者。”

45. Zigong said, "The Book of Songs says, 'As if cut and polished, as if carved and grinded.' Is this what it refers to?" Confucius replied, "Zi Si, now you may talk about the Book of Songs with me. You can understand the future from what has been told to you."

46. 译文：子贡说：“贫穷而不谄媚于人，富有而不骄傲自大，这种人怎么样？”孔子说：“可以，但是不如贫穷而乐于行道，富有而喜好礼让的人。”

46. Translation: Zi Gong said, "How about a person who is poor but does not flatter others, and who is rich but does not boast?" Confucius replied, "That is good, but it is even better for a person to be poor and enjoy practicing the Way, and to be rich and like to practice modesty."

47. 子贡说：“《诗经》里说：‘就像修整骨角与玉石，要不断地切磋琢磨，精益求精，这就是你所说的意思吧？”孔子说：“赐啊，现在开始我可以与你研究《诗经》了，你能举一反三，能够从我说过的话里推及我还没有说到的意思。”

47. Zigong said, "The Book of Songs says, 'It is like refining bones, horns, and jade, which requires continuous polishing and refinement, striving for excellence. Is this what you mean?" Confucius replied, "Zi, from now on, I can engage with you in the study of the Book of Songs. You are capable of drawing analogies, able to infer meanings beyond what I have said."

48. 译文：孔子说：“不要担心别人不了解自己，而要担心自己不了解别人。”

48. Translation: Confucius said, "Do not worry about others not understanding you, but worry about yourself not understanding others."

49. 《论语》是孔子及其弟子的语录结集，由孔子弟子及再传弟子编写而成，至战国前期成书。全书共20篇492章，以语录体为主，叙事体为辅，主要记录孔子及其弟子的言行，较为集中地体现了孔子的政治主张、伦理思想、道德观念及教育原则等。

49. The "Analects" is a collection of sayings by Confucius and his disciples, compiled by Confucius' disciples and their disciples, and was written in the early Warring States period. The book consists of 20 chapters and 492 sections, mainly in the form of sayings, with narrative as a supplement, primarily recording the words and deeds of Confucius and his disciples. It more prominently reflects Confucius' political ideas, ethical thoughts, moral concepts, and educational principles.

50. 《论语》是儒家学派的经典著作之一，是一部以记言为主的语录体散文集，主要以语录和对话文体的形式记录了孔子及其弟子的言行，集中体现了孔子的政治、审美、道德伦理和功利等价值思想。《论语》内容涉及政治、教育、文学、哲学以及立身处世的道理等多方面。

50. The Analects is one of the classic works of the Confucian school, a collection of prose in the form of sayings that mainly records the words and deeds of Confucius and his disciples, focusing on their political, aesthetic, moral and ethical, and utilitarian values. The content of The Analects covers various aspects such as politics, education, literature, philosophy, and the principles of living one's life.

51. 早在春秋后期孔子设坛讲学时期，其主体内容就已初始创成；孔子去世以后，他的弟子和再传弟子代代传授他的言论，并逐渐将这些口头记诵的语录言行记录下来，因此称为“论”；《论语》主要记载孔子及其弟子的言行，因此称为“语”。

51. As early as the late Spring and Autumn period when Confucius established platforms for teaching, the main content of his teachings had already been initially formed. After Confucius' death, his disciples and their successive generations passed down his teachings, and gradually recorded these spoken sayings and conduct into written form, hence the name "Lun" (Discourses). "The Analects" mainly records the words and deeds of Confucius and his disciples, therefore called "Yu" (Talks).

52. 清朝赵翼解释说：“语者，圣人之语言，论者，诸儒之讨论也。”其实，“论”又有纂的意思，所谓《论语》，是指将孔子及其弟子的言行记载下来编纂成书。现存《论语》20篇，492章，其中记录孔子与弟子及时人谈论之语约444章，记孔门弟子相互谈论之语48章。

52. Zhao Yi of the Qing Dynasty explained: "The 'yu' refers to the language of the sages, and the 'lun' refers to the discussions of the scholars." In fact, the 'lun' also implies the meaning of compilation. The so-called "Lunyu" refers to the compilation of a book that records the words and actions of Confucius and his disciples. The existing "Lunyu" consists of 20 chapters and 492 verses, of which about 444 verses record the conversations between Confucius and his disciples as well as contemporaries, and 48 verses record the discussions among Confucius' disciples.

53. 己所不欲，勿施于人，出自《论语》。中国古代思想家教育家孔子的名言。整句话解释为,如果自己身体不想要的结果或精神不情愿被这样对待，就不要使得别人遭受不想要的结果和得不到想要的对待。

53. "Do not do to others what you would not have them do to you," a saying from the Analects. It is a famous quote by Confucius, a Chinese ancient philosopher and educator. The whole sentence is interpreted as: If you do not want to experience a certain result physically or mentally, then do not cause others to suffer from the same undesirable outcomes or not receive the treatment you desire.