1. 以势服人口，以理服人心。

1. Conquer people with strength and hearts with reason.

2. 但存方寸土，留与子孙耕。

2. But keep a small plot of land, to be cultivated for future generations.

3. 中 国 俗 谚 语 集 粹

3. Collection of Chinese Proverbs and Sayings

4. 惜 福

4. Grateful for blessings

5. 天上无云不下雨，世间无理事不成。

5. No clouds in the sky mean no rain, and without order, nothing can be accomplished in the world.

6. 这类歇后语，是用实在的或想象的事情作比方。如果对设比事情的特点、情状有所了解，也自然能领悟后半截的"谜底"。

6. This type of pun is made by using real or imaginary events as metaphors. If one understands the characteristics and situations of the events being compared, it is natural to also grasp the "riddle answer" in the latter part.

7. 莫待是非来入耳，从前恩爱反为仇。

7. Do not wait for rumors to enter your ears, for what was once loving is now turned into enmity.

8. 得宠思辱，居安虑危。

8. Reflect on disgrace when favored, and anticipate danger in times of peace.

9. 歇后语，是我们中国人特有的智慧与趣味语言，也是民间爱用的一种语法。

9. The pun is a unique form of wisdom and playful language peculiar to the Chinese, and it is also a grammar frequently used by the folk.

10. 拔了萝卜地皮宽一一比喻为了行事方便而把碍眼的事物去掉。也比喻为了扩展地盘而排挤别人。

10. Pulling out the radish makes the ground wide—This is a metaphor for removing things that are in the way to facilitate actions. It also比喻for extending territory by pushing others out.

11. 树老半空心，人老百事通。

11. Trees become hollow as they age, and people become wise as they grow old.

12. 千学不如一看，千看不如一练。

12. A thousand studies are not as good as one observation, and a thousand observations are not as good as one practice.

13. 醉后乾坤大，壶中日月长。

13. After being drunk, the world becomes vast, and the days and months in the pot seem long.

14. 今年望得明年好，明年望得后年好；到了后年还是一件破棉袄。

14. This year looks forward to next year's good fortune, and next year looks forward to the year after next's good fortune; by the year after next, it's still just a tattered cotton coat.

15. 蜘蛛能预测天气，主要是因蜘蛛对空气中湿度变化反应相当灵敏，在蜘蛛尾部有许多小吐丝器，吐丝器部分既粘又凉，当阴雨天气来临时，由于空气中湿度大，水汽多，水汽易在蜘蛛吐丝器部分凝结成小水珠，这样蜘蛛吐丝时感到困难，便停止放丝而收网。相反，当空气中湿度变小天气转好时，蜘蛛吐丝顺利，便张网捕虫了。

15. Spiders can predict the weather primarily because they are quite sensitive to changes in humidity in the air. Many small silk extruders are located at the tip of a spider's abdomen, which are both sticky and cool. When rainy weather approaches, due to the high humidity and abundant moisture in the air, the moisture is prone to condense into small droplets on the spider's silk extruders. This makes it difficult for the spider to spin silk, so it stops releasing silk and closes its web. Conversely, when the humidity in the air decreases and the weather improves, the spider can spin silk smoothly, so it sets its web to catch insects.

16. 爱则加诸膝，恶则坠诸渊一一加诸膝:放在膝盖上;坠诸渊:推进深渊里。意指不3讲原则，感情用事，对别人的爱憎态度，全凭自己的好恶来决定。

16. Love is placed upon the knee, while hatred is cast into the abyss—placed upon the knee: to place something on the knee; cast into the abyss: to push into the depths. This means not adhering to principles, acting on emotions, and deciding one's attitude of love or hate towards others solely based on personal likes and dislikes.

17. 偷来钱，两三天；血汗钱，万万年。

17. Money stolen, for just a few days; money earned through sweat and blood, for a lifetime.

18. “早吃生姜晚吃萝卜，郎中先生急得哭”的谚语由来

18. The origin of the proverb "Early ginger, late radish, the doctor weeps in haste."

19. 养子不教如养驴，养女不教如养猪。

19. Raising a son without educating him is like raising a donkey, and raising a daughter without educating her is like raising a pig.

20. 曹沧州像个乡下佬，平常不欢喜开口，走路也是慢吞吞的。这天，他接到圣旨，顿时面如土色，抱着一家老小嚎啕大哭。他认定，西太后若不到不可救药的地步，是不会从京城到苏州来请他的，治不好西太后，医生要殉葬，自己这条命是有去无回了。可圣旨不能违拗，曹沧洲只好硬着头皮动身。他一到北京刚住下，就借口路上受了风寒，便卧床不起，其实生病是假：要摸慈禧太后生病的根子是真。头一件大事是查看她吃了些什么药？不查不知道，一查吓一跳。慈禧太后每天吃的山珍海味不说，单是人参一项，日日恨不得泡在参汤里洗浴。还有燕窝、银耳，更是当饭吃。曹沧洲想到，医书上早有记载：“滋补过多，必然食阻中焦，中焦闭塞，危在旦夕。”找出病源，他的胆子大了，便去替慈禧太后看病了。

20. Cao Changzhou behaves like a country bumpkin, not fond of speaking much in everyday life and walks slowly as well. That day, when he received the imperial edict, he turned pale as if he had been buried in the ground and cried out loudly, holding his whole family. He believed that if the Empress Dowager Cixi were not at the point of no return, she would not have come from the capital to invite him to Suzhou. If he couldn't cure the Empress Dowager, the doctor would have to commit suicide as an offering, and his life would be gone forever. However, the imperial edict could not be defied, so Cao Changzhou had to set off with a forced smile. As soon as he arrived in Beijing and settled in, he claimed to have caught a cold on the way and lay in bed, unable to get up. In reality, he was faking illness: his real intention was to investigate the root cause of the Empress Dowager's illness. The first important thing was to find out what kind of medicine she had taken? Unbeknownst to him, the investigation came as a shock. Apart from the delicacies she ate every day, just for the ginseng alone, she would have wanted to bathe in ginseng soup every day. There were also bird's nest and silver ear, which she ate as if they were food. Cao Changzhou thought to himself, "As the medical books have recorded: 'Excessive nourishment will necessarily block the middle burner, and if the middle burner is blocked, the danger is imminent.'" Having found the source of the illness, his courage grew, and he decided to treat the Empress Dowager Cixi.

21. 撒网要撒迎头网，开船要开顶风船。

21. When casting a net, cast it head-on; when sailing a boat, sail against the wind.

22. 明人不做暗事，真人不说假话。

22. A honest person does not do dishonest things, and a genuine person does not speak lies.

23. ③芝麻开花，节节高（前为形象，后为解释，描述性俗语→俚语）

23. ③ Sesame seeds bloom, higher and higher (the former is a metaphor, the latter is an explanation, a descriptive colloquialism → slang)

24. 八字没见一撇一-比喻事情毫无眉目，未见端绪。

24. The eight characters have not seen a stroke or a line - a metaphor for a situation being completely without direction or any sign of development.

25. 是亲不是亲﹐非亲却是亲。

25. Whether they are relatives or not, those who are not relatives can be as close as relatives.

26. 月缺不改光，箭折不改钢。

26. The moon's waning does not change its brightness, and a broken arrow does not alter its steel.

27. ◆一天不练手脚慢，两天不练丢一半，三天不练门外汉，四天不练瞪眼看。

27. ◆ Not practicing for a day makes your hands and feet slow, not practicing for two days loses half, not practicing for three days becomes an outsider, not practicing for four days just stare in amazement.

28. 白沙在涅,与之俱黑一涅:黑。白色的细沙混在黑士中，也会跟它一起变黑比喻好的人或物处在污秽环境里，也会随着污秽环境而变坏

28. White sand mixed with black soil turns black together: black. This比喻 refers to a good person or thing being in a dirty environment, and it will also become bad along with the dirty environment.

29. 据观测，在我国许多地方。如见蜘蛛张网，阴雨天气将会转晴。如见蜘蛛收网，天气将转为阴雨。

29. Observation shows that in many places in our country, if you see a spider spreading its web, it indicates that the overcast and rainy weather will clear up. Conversely, if you see a spider retracting its web, the weather will turn to overcast and rainy.

30. 惜 时

30. Treasure time

31. 穷莫失志，富莫癫狂。

31. In poverty, do not lose your determination; in wealth, do not go crazy.

32. 饶人不是痴汉﹐痴汉便不饶人。

32. To show leniency to others is not the act of a fool; a fool will not show leniency to others.

33. 认识社会和总结社会活动经验的谚语：如“人敬富的，狗咬破的”、“放虎归山，必有后患”。

33. Proverbs about understanding society and summarizing the experience of social activities: such as "People respect the rich, dogs bite the broken ones" and "Letting the tiger back into the mountain will definitely bring future troubles."

34. 珍宝失掉了，可以再买到，时间失掉了，永远找不到。

34. Treasures can be bought again if lost, but time lost can never be found.

35. 独居时，要反省自己的过错；在社会大众之间，则要忘却别人的过失。

35. When living alone, one should reflect upon one's own mistakes; among the general public, one should forget others' faults.

36. 生命苦短，切莫忘记生命中最重要的事，就是为别人而活,并为他们行善。

36. Life is short, do not forget that the most important thing in life is to live for others and to do good for them.

37. 再三行善事﹐第一莫欺心。

37. Do good deeds repeatedly, and the first thing is not to deceive your own heart.

38. 谚语是在人民群众中广泛流传的固定语句，是人民群众在长期生活实践中总结出来的经验和教训的结晶。谚语虽然简单通俗，但反映的道理却非常深刻。

38. Proverbs are fixed phrases widely spread among the people, which are the crystallization of the experiences and lessons summarized by the people in their long-term life practice. Although proverbs are simple and popular, they reflect profound truths.

39. 鞍不离马背,甲不离将身一甲:铠甲。马不卸鞍，人不解甲。处于高度警惕状态

39. The saddle never leaves the horse's back, the armor never leaves the general's body – one armor: armor. The horse is never unbridled, the person is never unarmored. In a state of high alert.

40. 八仙过海各显其能一-八仙:道教传说中的八位神仙。比喻做事各有各的一套办法。也比喻各自拿出本领互相比赛。

40. The Eight Immortals Crossing the Sea Each Show Their Abilities - The Eight Immortals: The eight divine immortals in Taoist mythology. The idiom implies that each person has their own unique way of doing things. It also比喻 that people show off their abilities to compete with each other.

41. ①黄鼠狼看鸡，越看越稀（前为形象，后为解释，经验之谈→谚语）

41. ① The fox watches the chicken, and the more it watches, the rarer it becomes (the first part is a metaphor, the second part is an explanation, an experience-based saying → proverb)

42. 脚踏十字稳，不怕棒槌滚。

42. Steadfast on the cross-step, fear not the rolling mallet.

43. 幼小读书要琢磨，休恨严师教训多；黄金不打难成器，宝剑钝时也要磨。

43. Young students should ponder over their reading, do not恨the strict teacher's numerous teachings; gold that is not hammered will be difficult to become a utensil, and a dull sword still needs to be polished.

44. 这类歇后语，是利用同音字或近音字相谐，由原来的意义引申出所需要的另一个意义。这类歇后语，往往要转几个弯，才能领悟它的意思。因而也更饶有兴味。

44. This kind of pun makes use of homophones or near-sounding characters to derive another meaning from the original one. This type of pun usually requires several twists and turns to understand its meaning, making it all the more interesting.

45. 即使见解正确，仍能在争论中保持静默的人，才有真正的力量。

45. It is only those who can remain silent in a debate, even when their views are correct, who truly possess strength.

46. 品德和名誉,有如一棵树的生命和枝叶,枝叶是否茂盛,全看生命有无生气。

46. Virtue and reputation are like the life and branches of a tree; whether the branches are lush depends entirely on whether the life force is vigorous.

47. 综上所述，谚语，俚语（描述性的俗语），歇后语，这三部分构成俗语的整体。俗语属于口语型的语句，与书面语型的成语、格言有所区别，它们是汉语的口语和书面语的两大系统。

47. In summary, proverbs, slang (descriptive colloquialisms), and riddles form the whole of colloquialisms. Colloquialisms are oral-type statements, distinct from written-type idioms and proverbs. They are two major systems of spoken and written Chinese.

48. 贪图小利，难成大事。

48. Greedy for trivial gains, it is hard to accomplish great things.

49. 路不行不到，事不为不成。

49. If the road is not taken, one cannot reach the destination. If the matter is not done, it cannot be accomplished.

50. 这一部分语句是描述性的，跟总结知识经验的谚语不同，而又无确定的术语，现在只是笼统地称为俗语，实在有必要把它跟谚语区别开来，给它一个确定的名称。

50. This part of the text is descriptive, different from the proverbs that summarize knowledge and experience, and without any specific terminology. It is currently only loosely referred to as a proverb, but it is indeed necessary to distinguish it from proverbs and give it a definitive name.

51. 有上不去的天，没过不去的关。

51. There are skies that cannot be climbed, but no gates that cannot be passed.

52. 发誓发得灵，监房无罪人。

52. A solemn oath makes the innocent guilty in the dungeon.

53. ②竹篮子打水，一场空（前为形象，后为解释，描述性俗语→俚语）

53. ② Empty basket, a wasted effort (the first part is a metaphor, the second part is the explanation, descriptive slang → colloquialism)

54. ①城门失火，殃及池鱼（形象，八个字，成语→俗语）

54. ①When a city gate catches fire, the fish in the pond are also affected (figurative, eight characters, idiom → proverb)

55. 要尽量快乐地面对自己的命运，透过爱与善行来获得内心的平和。

55. Strive to face one's fate with as much happiness as possible, and attain inner peace through love and good deeds.

56. 运去金成铁﹐时来铁成金。

56. When the time is right, gold can be turned into iron, and when fortune is on one's side, iron can be transformed into gold.

57. 俗语，也称常言，俗话，这三者应该是同义词。俗语一词，已经普遍用作语言学的术语；常言一词，带有文言的色彩；俗话一词，则有口语的气息。

57. Idioms, also known as common sayings or proverbs, are synonyms. The term "idiom" is widely used as a linguistic term; "common saying" carries the flavor of classical Chinese; while "proverb" has the tone of spoken language.

58. 以上各组例句，甲、乙意思相同，甲为俗语，乙为成语。俗语以形象为主体；成语以精练为特色。俗语多为完整的句子，长短不一，运用时可以变通；成语多为四个字的稳定结构，形式整齐。俗语流行于人民群众的口头上，文字上保持着通俗的特点；成语多用作书面语，文字上趋向典雅。从这一比较中，可以从主要方面作出界定：俗语是以形象为主体的通俗的口语，它的结构形式相对稳定，而在实际运用中可以灵活变通。

58. In the above groups of example sentences, the meanings of A and B are the same, with A being a colloquialism and B a idiom. Colloquialisms are characterized by their imagery, while idioms are known for their conciseness. Colloquialisms are usually complete sentences, varying in length, and can be flexible in usage; idioms are mostly a stable structure of four characters, with a formal appearance. Colloquialisms are popular among the people and maintain a popular characteristic in writing; idioms are often used in written language, tending towards elegance. From this comparison, a distinction can be made mainly from the following aspects: Colloquialisms are popular oral expressions with imagery as their main subject, their structural form is relatively stable, and they can be flexible in actual usage.

59. 世事明如镜，前程暗似漆。

59. The world is as clear as a mirror, while the future is as dark as pitch.

60. 爱之欲其生,恶之欲其死一一喜爱他时，总想叫他活着;讨厌他时，总想叫他死掉指极度地凭个人爱憎对待人。

60. One desires life for the beloved and death for the disliked – when one loves, one always wants the other to live; when one dislikes, one always wants the other to die. This refers to treating people extremely based on personal likes and dislikes.

61. 拔赵帜立赤帜一-用以比喻偷换取胜或战胜、胜利之典

61. "To pull down the flag of Zhao and raise the red flag" - This is a metaphor used to signify the act of winning by stealth or overcoming and achieving victory.

62. 正 直

62. Integrity

63. 知道真正智慧法则的人不如喜爱这些法则的人，喜爱的人不如实践的人。

63. Those who know the true rules of wisdom are not better than those who love these rules, and those who love them are not better than those who practice them.

64. 格言也总结知识经验，寓有思想意义。但仔细区分，仍稍有不同。格言所总结的知识经验主要是社会方面的，多属逻辑思维，是哲理性的语句，常出自名人名著；而谚语总结的知识经验不限于社会方面，也包括自然科学、生产实践（如农谚），它出自人民群众之口，多属形象思维，是文学性的语言。这种区别，应该把格言归入书面语一类，把谚语归入口语一类。但是，也难免有交错的情况。

64. Maxims also summarize knowledge and experience, carrying ideological significance. However, upon careful distinction, there is still a slight difference. The knowledge and experience summarized by maxims are mainly social in nature, often belong to logical thinking, are philosophical in nature, and are commonly found in the works of famous people; while the knowledge and experience summarized by proverbs are not limited to social aspects, but also include natural sciences and production practices (such as agricultural proverbs), coming from the mouths of the people, mostly belong to figurative thinking, and are literary in language. This distinction should classify maxims into written language and proverbs into spoken language. However, it is inevitable that there are some overlapping situations.

65. 俗 谚

65. Proverb or folk saying

66. 有的图书称之为“惯用语”，但所涉及的语言现象，却是“俚语”，如：背靠背、开夜车、乱弹琴、磨洋工、冤大头，等等。笔者以前在《俗语五千条》的前言中，曾用“熟语”来称呼描述性的俗语。熟语这一术语的定义，也不十分明确，有的辞典又把它当作高于俗语、成语的术语来使用，而它本身又跟“俗语”的读音近似，某些方言区甚至就是同音词，作为术语，自身有不足之处。再三斟酌，觉得不如用“俚语”来代替。

66. Some books call them "colloquialisms," but the language phenomena involved are actually "slang," such as: back-to-back, all-nighters, blundering, loafing, fool's gold, and so on. In the preface of my previous work "Five Thousand Popular Sayings," I used the term "idioms" to describe descriptive colloquial sayings. The definition of the term "idioms" is not very clear either; some dictionaries even use it as a term that is superior to slang and proverbs, while it itself is very similar in pronunciation to "slang," and in some dialect regions, it is even a homophone. As a term, it has its own shortcomings. After careful consideration, I think it is better to use the term "slang" instead.

67. ◆山是一步一步登上来的，船是一橹一橹摇出去的。

67.◆ The mountain is climbed step by step, and the boat is rowed out stroke by stroke.

68. 一人有庆，兆民咸赖。

68. When one person is joyful, all the people benefit from it.

69. 忍 让

69. Forbearance and Yielding

70. 歇后语、俏皮话，基本上是同义词。歇后语是语言学上的术语，俏皮话是口头上的称呼。

70. Proverbs and wisecracks are basically synonyms. A proverb is a term in linguistics, while a wisecrack is a colloquial term.

71. ◆不下水，一辈子不会游泳；不扬帆，一辈子不会撑船。

71.◆ If you never dive into the water, you'll never learn to swim; if you never hoist the sail, you'll never learn to row a boat.

72. 遇有交叉兼类情况的，则归入其特点更为明显的一类。如

72. In cases where there are overlapping categories, they should be classified into the category with more distinct features. For example,

73. 干活不在多和少，全在干得好不好。 人到难处莫加言，马到险处莫扬鞭。

73. It's not about how much or little work is done, but all about whether it's done well. When facing difficulties, don't add words; when the horse is at a dangerous place, don't whip it harder.

74. 清贫常乐，浊富多忧。

74. Poverty is often joyous, while wealth is often fraught with worries.

75. 发回水，积层泥；经一事，长一智。

75. Return the water, accumulate mud; go through one thing, gain one piece of wisdom.

76. 养 生

76. Health Preservation

77. 善良的人不论有心或无意，都会彼此帮助，邪恶的人则故意互相作对。

77. Good people, whether intentionally or unintentionally, will help each other; evil people deliberately act against each other.

78. 会走走不过影，会说说不过理。

78. Can walk but can't avoid one's shadow, can talk but can't outwit reason.

79. 但看三五日，相见不如初。

79. But after three or five days, meeting is not as good as at first.

80. 好男不争财和产，好女不争嫁时衣。

80. A good man does not quarrel over wealth and property, and a good woman does not argue over her wedding dress.

81. 贤妇令夫贵，恶妇令夫败。

81. A virtuous wife brings honor to her husband, while a wicked wife brings him to ruin.

82. 时来风送滕王阁，运去雷轰荐福碑。

82. Favorable winds bring the Teng Wang Pavilion to the fore, while misfortune strikes the荐福碑 with thunder.

83. 俚语，这个术语有时跟俗语相混，俚俗并称。这个“俚”，跟“乡里”之“里”有关，望文生义，也就是里人（乡下人）的意思。俚语常指带有方言色彩的土语。既然它有时跟俗语相混，而“惯用语”实际上又多指俚语，不如就借用“俚语”一词，来专指这些描述性的俗语。

83. Slang, this term is sometimes confused with colloquialisms and used together. The character "俚" in "俚语" is related to the character "里" in "乡里," which, by literal interpretation, means "people of the countryside" or "country folk." Slang often refers to local dialects with regional characteristics. Since it is sometimes mixed with colloquialisms, and the term "idioms" actually often refers to slang, it is better to borrow the term "slang" to specifically refer to these descriptive colloquialisms.

84. 庭前生瑞草，好事不如无。

84. The courtyard sprouts auspicious grass, and good things are not as good as none.