1. 庄稼不认爹和娘，精耕细作多打粮。

1. Crops do not recognize their parents, meticulous cultivation yields abundant harvest.

2. 行船防滩，作田防旱。

2. Prevent ship grounding and protect farmland from drought.

3. 春耕深一寸，可顶一遍粪。

3. If the spring plowing is one inch deeper, it can be equivalent to one round of manure.

4. 立春俗称“打春”。前一天叫“迎春”，民间以立春日为一年农事之始，是植物开始萌动生长，人们开始备耕之时。史载，周武王曾责令地方官每年举行 “迎春”仪式。立春前一天，各地方官浴身素服步行郊外“迎春”，次日聚集乡民、焚香上供、叩头礼拜，使“芒神”举鞭抽打土牛，意在打去春牛惰性，迎来全年丰收，宣告春耕播种大忙开始。后来，春牛用竹篾扎成牛状，以纸糊成，内装花生、核桃枣，于立春之日，用鞭击牛，击破之后，人们争食散出之果以庆贺春季之到来，也有内装五谷的，像征五谷丰登之意。现在没有打春牛的活动了，但社旗周围仍把立春说成“打春”，并有“春雷动，阳气生”，“春打六九头，种上芝麻吃香油，春打五九尾，种上谷子也吃米”，“打罢春，阳气透，笑看富人穿得厚”的农谚。立春日天气与年景有关，俗以为立春宜晴不宜阴，晴则兆丰，阴则兆灾。有民谣“立春清明又和暖，农人鼓腹皆翘天，倘若风阴与昏暗，五谷不登人不安。”又有“晴则诸事吉，阴则万事愁”。“立春晴一天，农夫好种田。” “立春三日晴，今年好收成。”“立春阴，一春阴，立春晴，一春晴，阴阴晴晴到清明”。“立春有雨连清明”的说法。对于一年两个“立春日”的年份，有“一年两个春，黄牛贵似金”、“两春夹一冬，十个牛栏，九个空”的农谚。

4. The Spring Festival, commonly known as "Da Chun," is celebrated on the day of the Beginning of Spring. The day before is called "Ying Chun," which marks the start of the agricultural year. It is the time when plants begin to sprout and grow, and people start preparing for the farming season. Historical records show that King Wu of the Zhou Dynasty ordered local officials to hold the "Ying Chun" ceremony annually. The day before the Beginning of Spring, local officials would bathe, dress in plain clothes, and walk to the suburbs to welcome the spring. The next day, they would gather villagers, burn incense, offer sacrifices, and kowtow in worship. The "Mangshen" (God of the Earth) would then whip a clay bull, symbolizing the removal of the bull's laziness, welcoming a year of abundant harvests, and announcing the beginning of busy spring planting. Later, clay bulls were made from bamboo strips, covered with paper, filled with peanuts, walnuts, and dates. On the day of the Beginning of Spring, people would beat the bull with a whip, break it open, and争食散落出来的果实，to celebrate the arrival of spring. There were also versions filled with five cereals, symbolizing a bountiful harvest of the five cereals. Now, the activity of beating the clay bull no longer exists, but around the community flags, the Beginning of Spring is still called "Da Chun," and there are folk sayings like "When the spring thunder rolls, the yang energy rises," "Beating the spring bull on the first day of the six-nine, plant sesame to eat sesame oil, beating the spring bull on the last day of the five-nine, plant millet to eat rice," and "After beating the spring bull, the yang energy permeates, and we laugh to see the rich dressed warmly." The weather on the day of the Beginning of Spring is related to the year's harvest. It is believed that a sunny day is preferable to a cloudy one, as sunny days are a sign of a bountiful harvest, while cloudy days are a sign of disaster. There is a folk song, "When the Beginning of Spring and Qingming are both warm, farmers are so happy, they feel like they can fly, but if it's windy and cloudy, the crops won't grow and people will be in distress." There is also the saying, "Sunny days bring good luck to all things, while cloudy days bring worry to everything." "If it's sunny on the day of the Beginning of Spring, it's good for farmers to plant crops." "If it's sunny for three days after the Beginning of Spring, this year will have a good harvest." "If it's cloudy on the day of the Beginning of Spring, it will be cloudy all spring, if it's sunny on the day of the Beginning of Spring, it will be sunny all spring, and the weather will change from cloudy to sunny until Qingming." There is also the saying, "If it rains on the day of the Beginning of Spring, it will rain until Qingming." For years with two "Beginning of Spring" days, there are sayings like "Two springs in a year, the yellow ox is as precious as gold," and "Two springs between one winter, ten cowsheds, nine empty."

5. 是为夏季之始，小麦齐穗，开始养花上浆。农谚有“立夏不出头，割了喂老牛”、“立夏麦挑旗，小满麦秀齐”。此时各种侯鸟相继入境，红薯芽普遍移栽下地，并继续播种旱秋作物，黄瓜成熟。农谚有“四月八，鲜黄瓜”，“立夏种棉花，有苗无疙瘩”。本县有“立夏见三新—大蒜、樱桃、豌豆”之说。立夏日忌无雨、无风。俗以为立夏日无雨，主旱。俗谚云：“立夏不下，旱到麦罢”，“立夏不下，高挂犁耙”，“立夏刮东风，药铺把门封”，“稻花要雨，麦花要风”。

5. This marks the beginning of summer, when wheat heads are full and the cultivation of flowers begins to be prepared. There is an old saying, "If there's no emergence by the beginning of summer, cut the wheat and feed the old ox," and "If wheat heads by the beginning of summer, when it's full, it will be a bountiful harvest at the end of the small grain season." At this time, various migratory birds相继入境, sweet potato sprouts are generally transplanted into the fields, and the sowing of dry autumn crops continues, and cucumbers are ripe. There is also an old saying, "On the eighth day of April, there's fresh cucumber," and "Plant cotton on the beginning of summer, if there are seedlings, there won't be any lumps." In this county, there is a saying that "On the day of the beginning of summer, you'll see three new things: garlic, cherries, and peas." It is considered unlucky to have no rain or wind on the day of the beginning of summer. It is believed that if there is no rain on the beginning of summer, it will lead to drought. A folk saying goes, "If there's no rain on the beginning of summer, it will be drought until the wheat is harvested," "If there's no rain on the beginning of summer, raise the plow and harrow high," "If the east wind blows on the day of the beginning of summer, the drugstores will close their doors," "Rice needs rain, wheat needs wind."

6. 低头的稻穗，昂头的稗子。

6. The rice ears bow their heads, while the barnyard millet stands tall.

7. 丰收要靠劳动，强身要靠卫生。

7. Harvests depend on labor, and health depends on hygiene.

8. 江南三足雪，米道十丰年。

8. The three-leg snow in the South of the Yangtze, a bountiful harvest in the ten rice roads.

9. 一场雪，一场雨，雪大雨大。

9. One snow, one rain, heavy snow, heavy rain.

10. 为一年中气温最高的时期，正值伏中。谷子甩大叶，黄豆二棚楼，头二茬地均中耕完毕。注意治虫、防旱、防涝等事。农谚有：“冷在三九，热在三伏”， “三伏不热，五谷不结”，“小暑大暑，热死老鼠”，“小暑不算热，大暑压草肥”，“头伏有雨。二伏旱，三伏有雨吃饱饭”，“大暑到立秋，割草压肥不能丢”，“头伏萝卜，二伏芥，三伏里头种白菜”，“伏里种豆，收成不厚”，“伏天三场雨，薄地长好麻”，“六月六，芽子红薯线穗粗”。

10. This period is the hottest of the year, known as the dog days. The millet leaves are shedding, and the soybean plants have grown to two levels. The plowing of the first and second crops is completed. Pay attention to pest control, drought prevention, and flood prevention. There is an old saying: "The coldest time is in the Sanjiu (the third nine days of winter), and the hottest time is in the Dog Days (the period around the summer solstice). If the Dog Days are not hot, the grains will not set. During the Small Heat (xiao shu) and the Great Heat (da shu), even rats can be killed by the heat. The Small Heat is not as hot as the Great Heat, but the Great Heat can compress grass into manure. If it rains during the first dog day, it will be dry during the second, and it will rain again during the third, and people will have enough to eat. From the Great Heat to the start of autumn, it is important not to neglect cutting grass and compressing it into manure. In the dog days, if radishes are planted during the first dog day, cabbages during the second, and soybeans during the third, the harvest will not be as abundant. If it rains three times during the dog days, the thin land will grow good hemp. On the sixth day of the sixth lunar month, the sprouts of sweet potatoes will have thick stems."

11. 冬至日，太阳直射南回归线，是日交九，此后天气渐入严寒。有冬九九歌：“一九二九袖装手，三九四九冰上走，五九六九河开冰走，七九八九抬头看柳，九九如一九耕牛遍地走”。农业生产上，除继续进行防冻，积肥、深耕等工作外，还要注意人畜的安全过冬。“吃了冬至饭，一天长一线”，白天将逐渐变长。冬至忌无雨。俗谚云：“立冬无雨看冬至，冬至无雪一冬晴”意指来年将旱。

11. On the Winter Solstice, the sun directly shines on the Tropic of Capricorn. It marks the beginning of the nine days of cold weather, after which the weather gradually turns severe. There is a song about the "Nine Days of Cold Weather in Winter": "On the first and second days of winter, we wear sleeves and wrap our hands; on the third and fourth days, we walk on ice; on the fifth and sixth days, the rivers break ice and we can walk on them; on the seventh and eighth days, we look up to see the willows; and on the ninth day, it's like the first day of winter, and oxen are everywhere plowing." In agricultural production, besides continuing with frost prevention, composting, and deep plowing, attention must also be given to the safe wintering of people and livestock. The saying goes, "After eating the Winter Solstice meal, the day gets longer by a thread." The daylight will gradually increase. It is considered bad luck for the Winter Solstice to have no rain. An old saying goes, "If there is no rain on the Winter Solstice, look at the Winter Solstice; if there is no snow on the Winter Solstice, the winter will be sunny" — this implies that the following year will be dry.

12. 天气逐渐炎热，汛期到，作物旺长，主要是加强秋作物管理。可犁炕地。农谚有“小暑前后种绿豆”，“小暑种芝麻，头顶一串花”。小暑忌旱，俗谚云： “六月怕干，九月怕淹。”“六月旱，喝稀饭”，“六月要雨难得雨，八月要晴难得晴”，“小暑南风十八天，坑里泥巴都晒干”。“伏里无雨，谷里无米”。“小暑泥鳅赛人参”。

12. As the weather gradually becomes hot, the flood season arrives, and the crops grow vigorously, it is mainly necessary to strengthen the management of autumn crops. It is possible to plow the fields. There is an old saying, "Plant mung beans before and after the Small Heat," and "Plant sesame seeds during the Small Heat, and you'll have a string of flowers on your head." It is forbidden to have drought during the Small Heat. An old saying goes, "In June, fear of dryness, in September, fear of flooding." "In June, drought, drink thin gruel," "In June, rain is rare, and in August, sunshine is rare," "During the Small Heat, the south wind blows for eighteen days, and the mud in the ditches dries up." "If there is no rain during the dog days, there will be no rice in the fields." "In the Small Heat, the eels are as valuable as ginseng."

13. 一粒粮食一粒金，颗粒还家要当心。

13. One grain of grain is like a grain of gold, be careful when the grains return home.

14. 今年大雪飘，明年庄稼好。

14. This year heavy snow falls, next year the crops will be good.

15. 春耕如翻饼，秋耕如掘井。

15. Spring plowing is like flipping a cake, while autumn plowing is like digging a well.

16. 每年6月6日前后，太阳黄经75°时开始。全县农事活动主要是收割小麦，抢种晚秋，管好大秧。农村大忙开始，故有“打春一百，掂镰割麦”，“芒种忙，三两场”，“春争日，夏争时”之语。夏收、夏种、夏管统称“三夏”。三夏生产突出四个“抢”字，即一是抢收。“收麦如救火，龙口把粮夺”，小麦蜡黄就收，“麦穗发了黄，绣女也下床”，“七成收，八成丢”，“麦熟八九动手割，甭等熟透籽粒落”，“等了一粒青，损了十粒黄”，“要保粮食大丰收，一粒一穗不能丢”，“麦天弯弯腰，拾个白卷糕”，“夏收有五忙，收、运、打、晒、藏”;二是抢种，小麦收后趁墒抢种秋作物。“收麦不顾种，秋后难顾命”，“麦茬耩芝麻，苗出快灭茬”，“一棵红薯一把灰，红薯结成一大堆”;三是抢打(脱粒)，夏至前要打完场。“夏至不打场，再打是把糠”，“拉到场里算一半，装到囤里才收完”;四是抢管，“种子落地，管子上马”，及时定苗，锄草保墒。“一种得九管，收成才保险”，“五黄六月去种田，一天一夜差一拳”，“人误地一时，地误人一年”，“锄头有火，锄头有水”，“夏天撞破皮，胜似冬天犁一犁儿”，“人勤地不懒，全在人照管”。夏收时，进场不带火，不吸烟，不许光肚娃儿进场，忌 “净光”，“少见”、“没风”、“净啦”等话，过去有“妇女不进场，进场不吉祥”的说法。

16. The solar term begins around June 6th each year, when the sun's longitude is 75°. The main agricultural activities in the entire county are harvesting wheat, sowing late autumn crops, and managing the seedlings. As rural areas enter a busy period, there are sayings like "One hundred days of spring, hold the sickle to cut wheat," "The busy days of Maimang (Grain in Ear), two fields," and "Spring competes for days, summer for time." The summer harvest, sowing, and management are collectively known as "Three Summers." The production of the Three Summers emphasizes four "rushing" words: first, rushing to harvest. "Harvesting wheat is like putting out a fire, seizing grain from the dragon's mouth," harvest the wheat when it is waxy yellow, "when the wheat ears turn yellow, even the weavers get up," "seven in ten are harvested, eight in ten are lost," "when the wheat is ripe for eight or nine, start cutting, don't wait for the seeds to fall," "if you wait for one green grain, you lose ten yellow ones," "to ensure a great grain harvest, not a single grain or ear can be lost," "bend over at wheat time, pick up a white rice cake," "five busy days of summer harvest, picking, transporting, threshing, drying, and storing"; second, rushing to plant, sowing autumn crops as soon as wheat is harvested. "If you harvest wheat without sowing, you'll struggle to survive in autumn," "sow sesame after wheat, the seedlings grow fast and the stubble is eliminated," "a piece of sweet potato a handful of ash, a heap of sweet potatoes is formed"; third, rushing to thresh (de-hulling), the threshing ground must be completed before the summer solstice. "If you don't thresh before the summer solstice, the next time you thresh will be chaff," "half done when brought to the threshing ground, only finished when loaded into the granary"; fourth, rushing to manage, "as soon as the seeds are sown, start management," timely thinning and weeding to preserve moisture. "Plant once and manage nine times, only secure the harvest," "in the fifth and sixth months of the year, go to the fields, even a day and a night's delay is a matter of a fist," "a man may miss the land for a while, but the land may miss a person for a year," "the hoe is hot, the hoe is wet," "a summer skin break is better than plowing in winter," "a hardworking person does not let the land slack off, everything depends on the person's care." During the summer harvest, it is forbidden to bring fire into the field, smoke, or allow naked children to enter. It is also taboo to say things like "clean and bare," "seldom seen," "no wind," "cleaned up." There was a saying in the past that "women should not enter the field, and entering the field is not auspicious."

17. 大雪兆丰年，无雪要遭殃。

17. Heavy snow portends a bountiful harvest, while no snow spells disaster.

18. 厚盖谷子薄盖麻，不薄不厚把麦压。种田要抢先，收割要抢天。

18. Thickly cover millet with thin sesame seeds, and not too thin or thickly press wheat. Farming needs to seize the initiative, and harvesting needs to seize the day.

19. 天上钩钩云，地上雨淋淋。大雾不过三，过三半月干。老龙瘢、不过三。上钩风下钩雨。东北风、下雨的老祖宗。月亮生毛，大雨滔滔。日晕主风、月晕主雨。缸穿裙、盐出汗，大雨一定不少见。立夏立不住，刮到麦不熟。

19. High above, the hook-shaped clouds; below, the rain pours down. Heavy fog does not last more than three days, and after three days and a half, it dries up. The scar of the old dragon does not exceed three. Upward wind, downward rain. Northeast wind, the ancestor of rain. The moon grows fur, heavy rain comes in torrents. The sun halo indicates wind, the moon halo indicates rain. The jar wears a skirt, salt sweats, and heavy rain is sure to be frequent. The beginning of summer cannot be stable, the wind blows and the wheat does not ripen.

20. 精打细收，颗粒不丢。

20. Carefully harvested, not a single grain is lost.

21. 农业谚语是劳动人民长期生产实践中积累起来的经验结晶，它对于农业生产必然起着一定的指导作用。特别是在封建社会中，劳动人民被剥夺了读书识字的权利，他们的经验主要靠“父诏其子，兄诏其弟”的口头相传方式流传和继承下来，农谚就是其中的一个方面。例如，在封建社会时期，还没有同代的温度计、湿度计等仪器，农民就拿多年生树木的生长状态作为预告农事季节的依据，因为多年生树木的生长在一定程度上反映了一定的客观气候条件，于是产生了“要知五谷，先看五木”的农谚。在指导播种期方面，有许多反映物候学的谚语，如“梨花白，种大豆”；“樟树落叶桃花红，白豆种子好出瓮”；以及“青蛙叫，落谷子”等等。更多的是根据二十四节气指出各种作物的适宜播种时期：如“白露早，寒露迟，秋分草子正当时”；“白露白，正好种荞麦”等。农民有了这些农谚就能掌握适时播种。另外如“立冬蚕豆小雪麦，一生一世赶勿着”；“十月种油，不够老婆搽头”等谚语，却是失败教训的总结，提醒人们要抓紧季节，不误农时。

21. Agricultural proverbs are the crystallization of experience accumulated over a long period of production practice by the working people, and they necessarily play a certain guiding role in agricultural production. Especially in the feudal society, the working people were deprived of the right to read and write, and their experiences were mainly passed down and inherited through oral transmission from father to son and from brother to brother, and agricultural proverbs are one aspect of them. For example, during the feudal period, there were no thermometers or hygrometers of the same era, so farmers used the growth condition of perennial trees as a basis for predicting the agricultural season, because the growth of perennial trees reflects a certain objective climatic conditions to some extent, thus the agricultural proverb "to know the five grains, first look at the five trees" was born. In terms of guiding the sowing period, there are many proverbs reflecting the science of phenology, such as "pear flowers white, plant soybeans"; "cinnamomum leaves fall, peach blossoms red, white soybean seeds are good to come out of the jar"; and "frogs croak, millet falls" etc. More often, they indicate the appropriate sowing period for various crops based on the 24 solar terms: such as "Early White Dew, late Cold Dew, the grass seeds are ripe at the equinox"; "White Dew white, it's time to plant buckwheat" etc. With these proverbs, farmers can master the appropriate sowing time. Moreover, proverbs like "Start planting broad beans on the Winter Solstice and wheat on the Snowy Day, a whole lifetime can't catch up"; "Plant sesame in October, not enough for your wife to comb her hair" etc., are summaries of failed lessons, reminding people to seize the season and not to miss the farming time.

22. 二月二打雷，稻米较重捶。

22. If there is thunder on the second day of the second lunar month, the rice will be heavier to thresh.

23. 苗胞不跳花,谷子不扬花春打六九头 备耕早动手 顶凌压麦田 生产争上游 雨水修渠道 抽水把麦浇 种好早春田 增收才可靠全苗保丰收 立夏种油料 同时插水稻 查补定春苗 麦田把水浇 小满防虫患 农药备齐全 田间管理好 棉花夺高产

23. If the Miao people don't dance the flower dance, and the millet doesn't shed its flowers, the spring will start with the six-nines. Start early in preparing the fields, fight against the frost to till the wheat fields, strive for the lead in production. Repair the ditches in the rainwater, pump water to irrigate the wheat, plant the early spring fields well, and increase income to ensure a full harvest. Plant oil crops in the beginning of summer, and simultaneously plant rice. Check and supplement the spring seedlings, water the wheat fields, prevent insect pests during the Grain in Ear period, prepare all the pesticides, manage the fields well, and aim for high yields in cotton.

24. 没有雪，不过年，没有雨不莳田。

24. Without snow, there is no New Year; without rain, there is no planting.

25. 惊蛰闻雷米似泥：惊蛰日打雷，表示节气无误，风调雨顺，稻丰收，米价便宜。

25. On the day of Jingzhe, hearing thunder makes rice as muddy: On Jingzhe day, if there is thunder, it indicates that the solstice is accurate, with favorable winds and rain, abundant rice harvest, and cheap rice prices.

26. 进入一年中最寒冷的时候，时在十二月，准备过春节。“小寒、大寒、杀猪过年”。

26. As we enter the coldest time of the year, in December, preparations begin for the Spring Festival. "Slight Cold, Severe Cold, kill pigs for the New Year's celebrations."

27. 春雨满街流，收麦累死牛。

27. Spring rain floods the streets, harvesting wheat exhausts the cows.

28. 一亩不治，百亩遭秧。

28. If one mu is not properly managed, the other hundred mu will suffer.

29. 春季过半，气候转暖，昼渐长，夜渐短，麦子生长迅速，开始起身，有“麦过春分昼夜忙”，“春分麦起身，一刻值千金”之俗谚。应加强麦田管理，施肥、中耕，严禁牲畜吃青。春分有雨，兆人们身体康健，有“春分有雨，病人稀”之俗谚。

29. Halfway through spring, the weather warms up, daylight becomes longer, and nights shorter. Wheat grows rapidly and starts to rise, with the saying, "Wheat is busy at the equinox day and night," and "The wheat rises at the equinox, every moment is worth a thousand." It is necessary to strengthen the management of wheat fields, fertilize and cultivate, and strictly prohibit livestock from eating green plants. It is said that if there is rain on the equinox, it signifies people's health and well-being, with the saying, "If it rains on the equinox, there are few sick people."

30. 若要庄稼好，天天起个早。

30. If you want your crops to thrive, rise early every day.

31. 书要精读，田要细管。

31. Books should be read with thoroughness, and fields should be cultivated with meticulous attention.

32. 一阵太阳一阵雨，栽下黄秧吃白米。

32. Some sun, some rain, plant yellow rice seedlings to enjoy white rice.

33. 大雪半溶加一冰，明年虫害一扫空。

33. Half-melted heavy snow plus a layer of ice, the pest problem will be cleared next year.

34. 气温下降，始飘雪花，冬播结束。开始拉沫子，为牛铺备土，修建房屋，开展农田水利基本建设，整修道路，开展副业活动。农谚有：“千家万户，沫子粪土”，“小雪不破股(分孽)，大雪不出土(麦苗)”，“修渠筑坝，天旱不怕”，“修好水渠筑好塘，年年丰收有保障”，“修好水利，一本万利”，“光靠自己莫靠天，修好水利万年甜”，“修渠如修仓，积水如积粮”，“不修沟渠不修塘，五六月里水汪汪”，“地埂不修，有田也丢”，“条条沟渠都打通，排水浇地不费工”，“农闲全在冬，水利莫放松”，“没雨先修房，没旱先修塘，没涝先筑坝，没荒先备粮”。小雪到冬至是冬灌的好时机，俗谚云：“小雪到冬至，浇麦正适时”，“冬浇半年墒”，“麦子浇五水，馍馍送到嘴”，“有水无肥一半出，有肥无水望天哭”。小雪忌无雪。有“小雪雪满天，来年是丰年”“小雪要是下雪多，来年五月旱天多”之说。

34. As the temperature drops, snowflakes begin to fall, marking the end of winter sowing. People start to churn the manure, prepare the soil for the cows, repair houses, carry out basic agricultural water conservancy projects, repair roads, and engage in sideline activities. There is an old saying: "Every household churns manure, and with it, the land is fertile." Another saying goes: "If there is no seedling sprouting before the light snow, there will be no wheat sprouting before the heavy snow." "Constructing canals and dams, one need not fear drought," and "well-constructed canals and ponds ensure abundant harvests every year," "sound water conservancy brings great benefits," "Do not rely solely on the heavens, but build sound water conservancy for eternal sweetness," "Constructing a canal is like storing grain, and accumulating water is like storing food," "If one does not construct canals and ponds, there will be waterlogging in May and June," "If the embankments are not maintained, even with fields, they can be lost," "If all the canals are connected, draining and irrigating the fields will not be laborious," "The peak of agricultural leisure is in winter, and water conservancy should not be neglected," "Before rain, repair the house, before drought, repair the pond, before flooding, build the dam, and before barrenness, prepare the grain." The period from light snow to the winter solstice is a good time for winter irrigation. A common saying goes: "From light snow to the winter solstice, the time for wheat irrigation is just right," "Winter irrigation ensures half a year's moisture," "Wheat needs five waterings, and bread will be on the table," "Without water, half of the harvest will not come out, and without fertilizer, one will only cry to the heavens." It is said to be inauspicious if there is no snow on light snow day. There is a saying: "If there is snow on light snow day, it will be a bountiful year," and "If there is a lot of snow on light snow day, there will be more droughts in May the following year."

35. 麦收九成熟，不收十成落。

35. When wheat is nine-tenths ripe, don't wait for it to be ten-tenths before harvesting.

36. 春荒不要懒，防荒多生产。

36. Don't be lazy during the spring drought, and prevent it by increasing production.

37. 秋季开始，时在三伏之中。农事有“立了秋，挂锄钩”之说。意为庄稼不再锄了，还有“立罢秋，万事休”，“立秋种芝麻，老死不开花”，意为此时各种作物不能再种了。但亦有“立秋前后，燕瓜绿豆”，“立秋栽葱，白露种蒜”，“六月秋，老秧丢，七月秋，老秧收”之谚，是说在立秋时绿豆还可播种(收成不多)，可栽葱。育的秧苗如果立秋在六月，不能再栽了，立秋在七月，移栽的秧苗还能有收成。立秋是当地农家的大节气，是庄稼接近成熟的季节，“立秋三天遍地红”，指高粱穗变红成熟。“棉花立了秋，大头、小头一齐揪”。立秋日忌雷、雨、风。俗谚云：“雷打秋，晚禾折半收”，“秋前北风，秋后雨，秋后北风干到底”。

37. The autumn begins during the Dog Days. There is an agricultural saying that "when the autumn sets in, the hoe is hung up." This means that the crops no longer need hoeing. There are also sayings like "after the autumn sets in, all things are at rest" and "when the autumn sets in, sesame seeds planted will never bloom," indicating that it's no longer time to plant various crops. However, there are also proverbs such as "before and after the autumn equinox, you can plant mung beans and lotus seeds," "plant scallions before the autumn equinox, plant garlic when the dew falls," and "in June, discard the old rice seedlings; in July, harvest the old rice seedlings." These sayings suggest that mung beans can still be planted (but the yield is not substantial) and scallions can be planted around the time of the autumn equinox. If the seedlings are planted in June, they cannot be replanted; if they are planted in July, the transplanted seedlings can still yield a crop. The autumn equinox is a significant agricultural event for local farmers, the season when crops are nearing maturity, and it's said that "three days after the autumn equinox, everything turns red," referring to the red and ripe ears of sorghum. The saying "cotton sets in the autumn, the big heads and small heads can be picked together" indicates that cotton is ripe after the autumn equinox. It is considered auspicious to avoid thunder, rain, and wind on the day of the autumn equinox. A popular saying goes, "If there is thunder on the autumn equinox, the late crops will be half harvested," and "before the autumn equinox, there is north wind; after the autumn equinox, there is rain; after the autumn equinox, the north wind dries up everything."

38. 秋季早耕田，丰收在来年。

38. Early plowing in autumn brings a bountiful harvest next year.

39. 气候清新，草木茂盛，是植物播种的大好时光。有“清明前，去种棉”，“清明种瓜，船装车拉”，“清明十天种高粱”，“清明去播种，早五天不早，晚五天不晚”，“雨水清明紧相连，植树季节在眼前”，“清明前后，点瓜种豆”，“清明喂个饱(上肥)，瘦苗能长好”，“清明种高粱，六月接饥荒”等农谚。清明节忌讳天阴、下雨。是日天晴，兆大丰收。有“清明晒干柳，窝窝撑死狗”，“明清明，暗谷雨”，“清明无雨多吃面”之说法。俗以为清明不明，即为荒年之兆。清明有西北风，主旱，有“清明西北风，旱了不会轻”之说。但也有“清明南风起，收成好无北”的俗谚。清明夜落雨，对麦子不好。谚语云：“麦子不怕四季水，只怕清明一夜雨。”

39. The climate is fresh, and the vegetation is lush, which is a great time for planting. There are many agricultural proverbs such as "Plant cotton before Qingming," "Plant melons on Qingming, and load them onto boats and wagons," "Plant sorghum in the ten days after Qingming," "Plant seeds on Qingming, and it's not too early or too late in five days," "The rainfall before and after Qingming is closely connected, and the planting season is right in front of us," "Plant melons and beans before and after Qingming," "Fertilize the plants on Qingming, and the thin seedlings can grow well," "Plant sorghum on Qingming, and in June, you can avoid hunger." On Qingming, it is taboo to have a cloudy or rainy day. If it's sunny on this day, it is a sign of a good harvest. There are sayings like "Dry the willows on Qingming, and the dogs can't bear it," "Bright Qingming, dark Grain Rain," and "If it doesn't rain on Qingming, eat more noodles." It is commonly believed that if Qingming is not bright, it is a sign of a poor harvest year. If there is a northwest wind on Qingming, it indicates a drought, and there is a saying that "If there is a northwest wind on Qingming, the drought will not be light." But there is also a folk saying, "If the south wind rises on Qingming, the harvest will be good without the north." If it rains on the night of Qingming, it is not good for wheat. There is a proverb that says, "Wheat doesn't fear water in all seasons, but it fears a night of rain on Qingming."

40. 蒜见蒜，粒一半。

40. When garlic meets garlic, half the grains are seen.

41. 秋季的一半，此后北半球渐短，夜渐长。秋分后，既要抓紧送粪犁地，积极备播小麦，又夹带收秋，是秋季最忙时期。农谚有：“秋分一半家，寒露满天下”，“秋分一到，谷场见稻”。“秋分过五，小麦入土。”“秋天弯弯腰，强似春天转一遭儿”。“一年辛勤在于秋，粮不入屋不算收”，“三春不如一秋忙，收不到屋里不算粮”。“七月底，八月岸儿，新谷子米汤麻杆盐儿”。秋分前后，月亮落地的变化，将直接预示着来年年景的好坏。俗谚云：“七月十五早看天，强似抽签问神仙;月亮落地接云彩，年景好的说不得;月亮落地光塌塌，明年粮食打不发”。

41. Half of autumn, thereafter the northern hemisphere becomes shorter, and the nights become longer. After the autumnal equinox, it is both necessary to rush to spread manure and plow the fields, and actively prepare for sowing wheat, while also harvesting the autumn crops, which is the busiest time of autumn. There is an old saying: "Half of the year's work is done at the autumnal equinox, and grain not brought into the house is not considered harvested," and "Three springs are not as busy as one autumn, and grain not brought into the house is not considered food." "In July, at the end of August, the new rice porridge, sorghum, and salt." Before and after the autumnal equinox, the change in the moon's descent will directly predict the good or bad of the coming year. An old saying goes: "On the 15th of July, looking at the sky is better than drawing lots to ask the gods; when the moon touches the ground, clouds gather, and it's said that the year will be good; when the moon touches the ground and the light is dim, the next year's grain will not be produced."

42. 涝助田，旱锄田。

42. In times of flood, assist with the paddy fields; in times of drought, cultivate the dry fields.

43. 江南三尺雪，米稻十年丰。

43. Three feet of snow in the south of the Yangtze, a bountiful rice harvest for ten years.

44. 大落大满，小落小满。

44. Great falls, great fill; small falls, small fill.

45. 时值中秋，天气转凉，夜间露水发白。农事活动开始收获高粱和早玉米。腾茬子，早耕，小麦备播，育油菜苗。农谚有：“白露种高山，寒露种平川(小麦)”，“白露割谷”，“白露没有雨，犁地要早起”。“秋收打谷又犁田，来年又是大丰年”。

45. It's the Mid-Autumn Festival, and the weather has turned cooler, with dew turning white at night. Agricultural activities have begun to harvest sorghum and early corn. Land is prepared, early plowing is done, wheat seeds are prepared for sowing, and rapeseed seedlings are cultivated. There is an old saying: "Sow on the high mountains during White Dew, and on the plains during Cold Dew (for wheat)", "Cut the grain during White Dew", "If there is no rain during White Dew, one should start plowing early". "Harvesting grain in autumn and plowing the fields will lead to a bountiful harvest next year."

46. 冬有三天雪，人道十年丰。

46. For three days of snow in winter, people say there will be a bountiful harvest for ten years.

47. 清明前后，种瓜种豆。

47. Around the Qingming Festival, plant melons and beans.