1. 朱门酒肉臭，路有冻死骨。《自京赴奉先县咏怀五百字》

1. The aroma of wine and meat from opulent gates, the bones of the frozen dead on the road. From "A Poem of 500 Characters Composed on the Way from the Capital to Fengxian County"

2. 宋元经济文化进一步发展后，诗句内容逐渐扩充和演绎，到了新民主主义革命后期，诗句演变成没有了字数的限制的自由体诗歌。

2. After the further development of Song and Yuan economy and culture, the content of the poems gradually expanded and evolved. By the late stage of the New Democratic Revolution, the poems transformed into free verse with no restrictions on the number of characters.

3. 从今别却江南路，化作啼鹃带血归。——文天祥《金陵驿二首·其二》

3. From this day on, I shall bid farewell to the road of Jiangnan, returning as a blood-red nightingale in tears. — Wen Tianxiang, "Two Poems from Jinling Station — Second Poem"

4. 带长剑兮挟秦弓，首身离兮心不惩。屈原《国殇》

4. With a long sword in hand and a Qin bow at my side, my head and body may be separated, but my heart remains unrepentant. Qu Yuan's "The National Martyrdom."

5. 一寸赤心惟报国。陆游

5. "With a single, ardent heart, I dedicate myself solely to serving my country." — Lu You

6. 男儿何不带吴钩，收取关山五十州。请君暂上凌烟阁，若个书生万户侯。——李贺《南园十三首·其五》

6. Why not wear a Wu hook, a youth, and conquer fifty states across the passes? Please, for a moment, ascend the Linyan Pavilion, and who among the scholars could become a marquis of ten thousand households? — Li He, "Thirteen Poems of the South Garden·Fifth"

7. 杀尽江南百万兵，腰间宝剑血犹腥！老僧不识英雄汉，只管哓哓问姓名。

7. Slaughtered a million soldiers in the South of the Yangtze, the blood from the sword still smells of death! The old monk does not recognize the hero, but keeps chattering about the name.

8. 诗句，读作：shī jù，就是组成诗词的句子。诗句通常按照诗文的格式体例，限定每句字数的多少。中国最早的诗句为律诗结构，格律要求严格，比如先秦时期的诗一般每句四言，见于《诗经》。后发展为五言或七言律诗，见于唐诗。

8. Poetic lines, pronounced as "shī jù," refer to the sentences that make up poetry. Poetic lines usually follow the format and style of the poem, with a specified number of characters per line. The earliest poetic lines in China were structured in the form of lüshi (regulated verse), with strict grammatical requirements. For example, poetry from the Pre-Qin period generally had four-character lines, as seen in the Book of Songs. Later, it developed into five-character or seven-character lüshi, as seen in Tang Dynasty poetry.

9. 会当凌绝顶，一览众山小。――说明站得高望得远的道理。

9. "To stand atop the highest peak, one can survey all the mountains as small." – This illustrates the principle of standing on high ground to see far and wide.

10. 但得众生皆得饱，不辞羸病卧残阳。李纲《病牛》

10. But if all beings can be satisfied, I would not mind lying sick under the fading sun. From Li Gang's poem "Sick Ox."

11. 待到秋来九月八，我花开后百花杀。冲天香阵透长安，满城尽带黄金甲。

11. Wait until the autumn comes on the eighth day of the ninth month, my flowers bloom and all others wither. The fragrant aroma surges through Chang'an, and the entire city is adorned with golden armor.

12. 寸寸山河寸寸金，瓜离分裂力谁任。黄遵宪《题梁任父同年》

12. Every inch of mountains and rivers is worth its weight in gold, the land is divided and split, who will bear the burden of the separation? From "To Li Renfu, My Contemporary," by Huang Zunxian.

13. 遗民泪尽胡尘里，南望王师又一年。——陆游《秋夜将晓出篱门迎凉有感二首·其二》

13. The mournful tears of the surviving people have dried up amidst the Hu dust, and they have looked towards the Southern army for another year. —Lu You, "Two Poems on Awakening from Sleep in the Autumn Night at the Gate of the Wisteria Fence (Second Poem)"

14. 天与三台座，人当万里城。张九龄《奉和圣制送尚书燕国公赴朔方》

14. Heaven grants the three constellations, and a person rules over ten thousand cities. From Zhang Jiuying's "In Praise of the Imperial Edict Sending Yan Guogong to the North."

15. 会挽雕弓如满月，西北望，射天狼。——苏轼《江城子·密州出猎》

15. I can draw the bow like a full moon, looking to the northwest, aiming at the celestial wolf. — Su Shi, "Jiangchengzi: Mi Zhou Chutu Li"

16. 长剑倚天谁问，夷甫诸人堪笑，西北有神州。辛弃疾《水调歌头·送杨民瞻》

16. Who dares inquire about the long sword leaning against the sky? The people of Yi Fu are laughable, while there lies the Shenzhou in the northwest. (This line is from Xin Qiji's poem "Shui Diao Ge Dou · Song Yang Min Zhan")

17. 死去原知万事空，但悲不见九州同。王师北定中原日，家祭无忘告乃翁。

17. Knowing that everything is empty in death, yet one laments not seeing the unity of the nine provinces. On the day when the royal army subdues the Central Plains, do not forget to offer a family sacrifice and inform your father.

18. ——先秦佚名《荆轲歌 / 渡易水歌》

18. —— An anonymous pre-Qin poem "The Song of Jing Ke / The Song of Crossing the Yi River"

19. 不畏浮云遮望眼，只缘身在最高层。――站得高看得远。

19. Not afraid of floating clouds blocking my view, just because I am in the highest position. -- The higher you stand, the farther you can see.

20. 武侯祠堂常邻近，一体君臣祭祀同。杜甫《咏怀古迹五首·其四》

20. The Wuhou Shrine is always near, the king and ministers alike in their sacrifice. From Du Fu's "Five Poems on Ancient Sites · The Fourth".

21. 了却君王天下事，赢得生前身后名。——辛弃疾《破阵子·为陈同甫赋壮词以寄之》

21. To accomplish the king's great affairs of the world, win fame before and after death. — Xin Qiji, "Baan Zhen Zi: For Chen Tongfu, Composed in Strong Words to Send Them"

22. 沉舟侧畔千帆过，病树前头万木春。――说明新事物必将取代旧事物。

22. A thousand sails pass by the side of the sunken boat, ten thousand trees burst into spring in front of the sick tree. -- This illustrates that new things are bound to replace old ones.

23. 京国多年情尽改，忽听春雨忆江南。虞集《听雨》

23. After years of affection in the capital, all feelings have changed; suddenly hearing the spring rain, memories of Jiangnan arise. Yu Ji's "Listening to the Rain."

24. 行人莫问当年事，故国东来渭水流。许浑《咸阳城东楼》

24. Do not inquire about the past year's matters, as the Wei River flows eastward from the ancient capital. (This is a line from Xu Hun's poem "On the Eastern Tower of Xianyang City.")

25. 时危见臣节，世乱识忠良。鲍照《代出自蓟北门行》

25. In times of crisis, one's loyalty is revealed; in times of chaos, one's fidelity is known. This is from Bao Zhao's poem "Dai Zichu Jí Beimen Xing" (Substituting the March from the Gate of Jí in the North).

26. 浩气还太虚，丹心照千古。生平未报国，留作忠魂补。——杨继盛《就义诗》

26. The great spirit is still too ethereal, the pure heart shines through the ages. Throughout my life, I have not repaid my country, leaving my loyal soul to compensate for it. — Yang Jisheng, "Poem of Defiance"

27. 山重水复疑无路，柳暗花明又一村。――常用来形容进入一个别有天地的境界，或比喻绝处逢生的情景。

27. "Through mountains and rivers, I doubt there is no way; with willows dark and flowers bright, another village appears." This is commonly used to describe entering a realm with a different world or to metaphorically illustrate a situation where life is saved from the brink.

28. 问元戎早晚，鸣鞭径去，解天山箭。元好问《水龙吟·从商帅国器猎于南。》

28. Ask the general about his morning affairs, sound the whip, and take the Heavenly Mountains arrows. Yuan Haowen, "Shui Long Yin · Following Marshal Guo Qi's hunting in the South."

29. 契阔死生君莫问，行云流水一孤僧。苏曼殊

29. Do not inquire about life and death, just a solitary monk amidst the flowing clouds and running water. - Manju Shuzhu (Suzhu Su)

30. 表达了任何腐朽势力都不可逆转历史潮流，新生力量必将茁壮成长的思想。

30. Expresses the thought that any decadent force cannot reverse the trend of history, and that new forces will surely grow strong and thrive.

31. 只有热爱祖国，痛心祖国所受的严重苦难，憎恨敌人，这才给了我们参加斗争和取得胜利的力量。——阿·托尔斯泰

31. It is only the love for one's motherland, the pain over the severe suffering it has endured, and the hatred for the enemies that gives us the strength to participate in the struggle and achieve victory. - A. Tolstoy

32. 故国三千里，深宫二十年。张祜《宫词·故国三千里》

32. "Three thousand miles from the homeland, twenty years in the deep palace." - Zhang Hu, "Palace Poems · Three Thousand Miles from the Homeland"

33. 胡未灭，鬓先秋，泪空流。此身谁料，心在天山，身老沧洲。——陆游《诉衷情·当年万里觅封侯》

33. The fire has not yet been extinguished, but my temples have turned autumnal, and tears flow in vain. Who would have thought that this body, with its heart in the Tianshan Mountains, would grow old by the Changzhou River. — Lu You, "Complaint of Heart: In those days, I searched for a title over ten thousand miles."

34. 中原乱。簪樱散。几时收。试倩悲风吹泪、过扬州。——朱敦儒《相见欢·金陵城上西楼》

34. The Central Plains are in chaos. The hairpins scattered, when will the turmoil cease? Try to ask the sorrowful wind to carry away the tears, passing through Yangzhou. — Zhu Dunyu, "Meet Again Joyfully·On the Western Tower of Jinling City"

35. 生当作人杰，死亦为鬼雄。至今思项羽，不肯过江东。

35. Live as a hero among men, and die as a hero among ghosts. Even today, I think of Xiang Yu, who would not cross the Eastern River.

36. 人有悲欢离合，月有阴晴圆缺，此事古难全。――世上没有十全十美的事物。苏轼《水调歌头》

36. People have joys and sorrows, partings and reunions, and the moon has its times of clarity and darkness, fullness and waning; such things are difficult to achieve in full. -- There are no perfect things in the world. -- Su Shi, "The Water Melody Head"

37. 带长剑兮挟秦弓，首身离兮心不惩。——屈原《国殇》

37. With a long sword in hand and a Qin bow by my side, my head and body may be separated, but my heart remains unrepentant. — Qu Yuan, "The National Sorrow"

38. 夷甫诸人，神州沈陆，几曾回首。辛弃疾《水龙吟·甲辰岁寿韩南涧尚书》

38. The people of Yifu, in the vast land of Shenzhou, have seldom looked back. Xin Qiji's "Shui Long Yin · Jiashen Year Celebrating the Birthday of Han Nanjian, the Minister of Shangshu."

39. 烽火连三月，家书抵万金杜甫《春望》

39. "The beacon fires have been burning for three months, and a letter from home is worth ten thousand in gold." — Du Fu, "Spring Gaze"

40. 乘云径到玉皇家。刘克庄《木兰花慢·丁未中秋》

40. Traverse the path on the clouds to the Royal Jade Palace. Liu Kezhuang's "Mulan Huan (Slow Song) · Mid-Autumn Festival of the Year Dingwei"

41. 人生自古谁无死，留取丹心照汗青。文天祥?>

41. Since ancient times, who can escape death? Preserve the unyielding spirit to shine upon history. — Wen Tianxiang?

42. 但使龙城飞将在，不教胡马度阴山。——王昌龄《出塞二首·其一》

42. If the hero of Longcheng were to soar above, he would not let the Huns cross the Yin Mountain. — Wang Changling, "Two Poems on Crossing the Frontier·First Poem"

43. 十年之功，毁于一旦！所得州郡，一朝全休！社稷江山难以中兴！乾坤世界无由再复！岳飞

43. Ten years of effort, destroyed in an instant! The states and provinces acquired, all at once lost! The country and its people find it hard to recover! The world of heaven and earth has no way to return to its former state! Yue Fei.

44. 赤心事上，忧国如家。韩愈

44. With wholehearted dedication, he worries about the country as if it were his own home. — Han Yu

45. 纵使世界给我珍宝和荣誉，我也不愿离开我的祖国。因为纵使我的祖国在耻辱之中，我还是喜欢、热爱、祝福我的祖国。——裴多菲

45. Even if the world gives me treasures and honors, I would not leave my motherland. Because even though my motherland is in shame, I still like, love, and bless my motherland. - Petofi

46. 千年史册耻无名，一片丹心报天子。陆游

46. "Ashamed of being nameless in the thousand-year history, I bear a loyal heart to serve the Emperor." -- Lu You

47. 醉里挑灯看剑，梦回吹角连营。八百里分为麾下炙五十弦翻赛外声。

47. Drunk, I pick up the lantern to look at the sword, dreaming back to the sound of bugles echoing across the camps. Over eight hundred miles, under my banner, there are fifty strings strumming beyond the outer sounds.

48. 穷年忧黎元，叹息肠内热杜甫《自京赴奉先咏怀五百字》

48. The old man's worries are for the common folk, his sighs burn within his gut. Du Fu's "Five Hundred Characters on Reflecting Upon My Journey from the Capital to Fengxian."

49. 男儿西北有神州，莫滴水西桥畔泪。刘克庄《玉楼春·戏林推》

49. A son's homeland lies to the northwest, do not shed tears by the western bridge. Liu Kezhuang, "Yu Lou Chun · Joke Lin Tui"

50. 壮志饥餐胡虏肉，笑谈渴饮匈奴血。待从头、收拾旧山河，朝天阙。

50. With great ambition, I crave the flesh of the Huns, laughing as I drink the blood of the Xiongnu. In time, I will gather the old mountains and rivers, and ascend to the celestial palace.

51. 且凭天子怒，复倚将军雄。高適《塞下曲》

51. Even relying on the Emperor's anger, he leans on the General's might. — From Gao Shu's poem "Sai Xia Qu" (Verse of the Frontier)

52. 早岁那知世事艰，中原北望气如山。陆游

52. At a young age, who knew the world's hardships? Gazing to the north of the Central Plains, my spirit is as firm as a mountain. - Lu You

53. 国破山河在，城春草木深。感时花溅泪，恨别鸟惊心。

53. The country is broken, but the mountains and rivers remain; in the spring, the city is deep with greenery and plants. Feeling the times, flowers shed tears; hating the parting, birds startle the heart.

54. 每个人应该遵守生之法则，把个人的命运联系在民族的命运上，将个人的生存放在群体的生存里。——巴金

54. Everyone should abide by the law of life, linking their personal destiny to the destiny of the nation, and placing their survival within the survival of the group. — Ba Jin

55. 一个没有祖国的人，像一个没有家的孩子，永远是孤独的。——尤今

55. A person without a country is like a child without a home, forever alone. - You Jin

56. 我爱我的祖国，爱我的人民，离开了它，离开了他们，我就无法生存，更无法写作。——巴金

56. I love my motherland and my people. Without it and them, I cannot survive, let alone write. — Ba Jin

57. 九天阊阖开宫殿，万国衣冠拜冕旒。王维《和贾舍人早朝大明宫之作》

57. The nine heavens open to reveal the palace, and the attire of all nations bows before the imperial crown. - Wang Wei, "In Praise of Jia She Ren's Early Morning Visit to the Great Ming Palace"