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曾国藩读书智慧:揭秘成功人士的阅读箴言

面书号 2025-01-13 23:56 9


1. 曾国藩说:“盖士人读书,第一要有志,第二要有识,第三要有恒。有志则断不甘为下流;有识则知学问无穷,不敢以一得自足,如河泊之观海,如牛蛙之窥天,皆无识者也;有恒则断无不成之事。此三者缺一不可。”在这三者之中,曾国藩特别看重有恒。在给儿子曾纪泽的家书中,曾国藩就谈到“人生惟有常是第一美德。”常者,恒也。“学问之道无穷,而总以为有恒为主。”做到有恒,既是易事,又是难事。说易,因为人人可以做到。说难就在于难坚持,坚持几天可以,支持几个月就难了,坚持几年、十几年,一辈子更难了。

1. Zeng Guofan said, "For scholars, the first requirement is to have ambition, the second is to have insight, and the third is to have perseverance. With ambition, one will never be content to be at the bottom; with insight, one understands that knowledge is boundless and dares not be satisfied with a little achievement, like a riverbanker looking at the sea, or a toad peering at the sky, all of whom lack insight; with perseverance, there is no task that cannot be accomplished. These three are indispensable." Among these three, Zeng Guofan especially values perseverance. In a letter to his son Zeng Jizai, Zeng Guofan mentioned that "the only true virtue in life is constancy." Constancy is synonymous with perseverance. "The path of learning is boundless, but it always emphasizes constancy as the mainstay." Achieving constancy is both easy and difficult. It is easy to say because everyone can do it. The difficulty lies in the difficulty of sustaining it, as it may be easy to persist for a few days, but hard to keep up for a few months, and even harder to maintain for years, decades, or a lifetime.

2. 古来豪杰,吾家祖父教人,以“懦弱无刚”四字为大耻,故男儿自立必须有倔强之气。惟数万人困于坚城之下,最易暗销锐气。弟能养数万人之刚气而久不销损,此是过人之处,更宜从此加功。——《曾国藩家书》

2. Throughout history, the heroes have been taught by my ancestors that "weakness and lack of firmness" are the greatest shame, therefore, a man must have a stubborn spirit in order to stand on his own. Only when tens of thousands of people are trapped under the walls of a strong city is it easiest to暗中 erode their sharpness. If you can nourish the spirit of firmness for tens of thousands of people and keep it from fading for a long time, this is an ability beyond the ordinary, and you should strive to improve even more from here. ——Zeng Guofan's Family Letters

3. 事事谨慎——三实:不说大话、务虚名,不行驾空之事,不谈过高之理。

3. Caution in all things - the three realities: do not speak grandiose words, pursue empty reputations, do not engage in empty endeavors, and do not discuss overly lofty theories.

4. 有志则不甘下流,有志气者,不会让自己长久处于碌碌无为,琐碎度日中。心中有理想,有追求,不甘于平庸。古人有三不朽之说,分别是立功,立言,立德。孔子也曾说过,君子担心自己到死都没有建功立业,垂名宇宙。被世人所遗忘。

4. Those with aspirations are not content with mediocrity, and those with ambition will not allow themselves to remain in a state of aimless toil and trivial daily life. With ideals and pursuits in their hearts, they are not willing to settle for the ordinary. There is an ancient saying about the "three unending things," which are establishing oneself through achievements, through words, and through moral virtues. Confucius also said that a gentleman worries about not having established any achievements or left a name that would be remembered by the universe by the time of his death, and being forgotten by the world.

5. 胸襟广大,宜从“平”“淡”二字用功,凡人我之际须看得平,功名之际须看得淡,庶几胸怀日阔。——曾国藩《曾国藩家书》

5. With a broad and expansive character, one should focus on the concepts of "level" and "simple." In relationships between oneself and others, one should see things as level; in terms of fame and fortune, one should see them as simple. Only then can one's horizons broaden day by day. — From the Letter of Zeng Guofan (Zeng Guofan's Family Letters)

6. 勤则兴,懒则败,一字之理。

6. Diligence brings prosperity, idleness leads to failure, the essence of a single character.

7. 人心能静,虽万变纷纭亦澄然无事。不静则燕居闲暇,亦憧憧亦靡宁。静在心,不在境。

7. When the mind is at peace, even amidst myriad changes and complexities, it remains tranquil and untroubled. If the mind is not at peace, even during leisure and relaxation, it is restless and restless. Peace lies within the heart, not in the external environment.

8. 毛泽东也曾说这个这么一句话:“一个人做好事不难,难得一辈子做好事。”曾国藩结合自己的读书的感悟,对儿子说:“年无分老少,事无分难易,但行之有恒,自如种树蓄养,日见其大而不觉耳。”因此,他反复要求弟弟以及自己的晚辈们要做到“看、读、写、作,四者每日不可缺一。”曾国藩不仅要求家人这么做,自己更是以身作则,曾氏家族后来人才辈出,与曾国藩言传身教有很大关系。

8. Mao Zedong also once said, "It is not difficult for a person to do good deeds, but it is difficult to do good deeds all one's life." Zeng Guofan, combining his insights from his own reading, told his son, "There is no distinction between the young and the old in terms of age, nor between the difficult and the easy in terms of matters, but if one persists in doing them, it is like planting and nurturing a tree, and it grows larger day by day without one realizing it." Therefore, he repeatedly demanded that his younger brother and his own descendants should "observe, read, write, and produce, none of which can be absent from one's daily routine." Zeng Guofan not only required his family to do so but also led by example. The Zeng family later produced a succession of talents, which was greatly related to Zeng Guofan's teaching and guidance.

9. 8盛怒极喜时,性情改常。遇有所行,须一商之有识者。不然,悔随之矣。

9. When one is extremely angry or overly joyful, their temperament changes from the norm. When undertaking any action, one must consult with a knowledgeable person. Otherwise, regret will follow.

10. 天道忌巧,谦退不争,不伎不求。

10. The Tao abhors cleverness; humility and withdrawal, not contention; not skillful, not seeking.

11. 第一要有志,第二要有识,第三要有恒。

11. First, one must have ambition; second, one must have knowledge; third, one must have perseverance.

12. 千秋邈矣独留我,百战归来再读书。

12. Through the ages, only I remain, having returned from a hundred battles to once again take up reading.

13. 这里的说法是:盖士人读书,第一要有志,第二要有识,第三要有恒。这里的志乃目标志向,带着目标去学习,就如同行船有了前进的方向,黑夜有了指路灯塔。而识也就是说要有见识,有自己的独立思考判断能力。这也可以说是最重要的一点,一个人不论做什么事情,最紧要的就是要有识。

13. The saying here is: For a scholar to read books, the first requirement is to have ambition, the second is to have knowledge, and the third is to have perseverance. This "ambition" refers to goals and aspirations; studying with a goal in mind is like having a direction for a boat, or a lighthouse in the dark. "Knowledge" means having insight and the ability to think and judge independently. This can also be said to be the most important point: no matter what a person does, the most crucial thing is to have knowledge.

14. 关于曾国藩读书有一个耳熟能详的故事,据说曾国藩小时候的天赋却并不高。有一天夜里他在家读书,对一篇文章不知道重读了多少遍,还是没有能够背下来。这时候他家里来了一个贼,潜伏在他的屋檐下,贼想等读书愉睡觉后捞点好处。可是等啊等啊,就是不见他睡觉,还是翻来复去地诵读那篇文章。贼实在忍无可忍,推门进去说:“这种水平还读什么书?”然后将那文章背诵一遍,扬长而去。由这个故事可见曾国藩之勤奋苦读。

14. There is a well-known story about Zeng Guofan's reading. It is said that Zeng Guofan had not high talents when he was young. One night, he was reading at home and he didn't seem to be able to memorize an article after reading it over and over again. At this time, a thief came to his house, hiding under the eaves, hoping to benefit after Zeng Guofan finished reading and went to sleep. However, as he waited and waited, he saw no sign of Zeng Guofan sleeping, and he kept reciting the article back and forth. The thief could not bear it anymore, so he pushed open the door and said, "With such a level, why should you read books?" Then, he recited the article and left. From this story, we can see Zeng Guofan's diligence and hard work in studying.

15. 与多疑人共事,事必不成。 与好利人共事,己必受累。——曾国藩

15. Working with a suspicious person, nothing will be accomplished. Working with a person who is greedy for profit, you will inevitably suffer. ——Zeng Guofan

16. 凡人做一事,便须全副精神注在此一事,首尾不懈,不可见异思迁,做这样,想那样,坐这山,望那山。人而无恒,终身一无所成。——曾国藩《曾国藩家书》

16. When a person does a thing, he must give his full attention to it, be persistent from beginning to end, and not be easily distracted by other thoughts. He should not be like someone who does one thing and thinks about another, or sits on one mountain and gazes at another. Without constancy, a person will accomplish nothing in his lifetime. — Zeng Guofan, "Zeng Guofan's Family Letters"

17. 居高位者,以知人晓事二者为职。

17. Those in high positions consider knowing people and understanding matters as their duties.

18. 信算命,信风水,皆妄念所致。读书明理人以义命自安,便不信也。

18. Believing in fortune-telling and geomancy are all due to delusional thoughts. Those who read books and understand principles find peace in their sense of duty and destiny, and they do not believe in them.

19. 素食则气不浊;独宿则神不浊;默坐则心不浊;读书则口不浊。

19. Eating vegetarian keeps the qi pure; solitary living keeps the spirit pure; silent sitting keeps the mind pure; reading keeps the mouth pure.

20. 读书不独是变人气质,且是能养人精神,盖是理义收摄。

20. Reading not only transforms one's temperament, but also nourishes one's spirit, as it involves the collection of principles and righteousness.

21. 名节之于人,不金帛而富,不轩冕而贵。士无名节,犹女不贞,虽有他美,亦不足赎。故前辈谓爵禄易得,名节难保。

21. Reputation and integrity are more important to a person than wealth in gold and silk, or nobility in titles and rank. A scholar without reputation and integrity is like a woman who is unfaithful; even if he has other virtues, they are not enough to compensate for this shortcoming. Therefore, the elders say that titles and salaries are easy to obtain, but reputation and integrity are difficult to maintain.

22. 唯天下之至诚能胜天下之至伪;唯天下之至拙能胜天下之至巧。——曾国藩《曾国藩家书》

22. Only the utmost sincerity in the world can overcome the utmost hypocrisy; only the utmost simplicity in the world can surpass the utmost skillfulness. ——Zeng Guofan, "Zeng Guofan's Family Letters"

23. 坚其志,苦其心,劳其力,事无大小,必有所成。

23. Strengthen your resolve, endure hardships, exert your efforts, and in all matters, great or small, you will surely achieve success.

24. 忿怒二字,圣贤亦有之,特能少忍须臾,便不伤生。

24. The words 'anger' and 'frustration' are also present in the hearts of sages and virtuous individuals, but it is their ability to endure for a moment that prevents them from harming life.

25. 到老始知气质驳,寻思只是读书粗。

25. It is only upon reaching old age that one realizes the complexity of one's temperament; it was just that one's reading had been superficial.

26. 人之气质,由于天生,本难改变,惟读书则可变化气质.欲求变之之法,总须先立坚卓之志.曾国藩一生追求“明德、新民、止于至善,以及格物、致知、诚意、正心、修身、齐家、治国、平天下”的理想道路,“立德、立功、立言”是他一生追求的“三不朽”目标,其道德、词章、文治、武功皆有可观者。

26. Human temperament, being inherent, is inherently difficult to change, but reading can transform one's temperament. To seek methods for change, it is necessary to first establish a firm and resolute will. Zeng Guofan pursued the ideal path of "moral brightness, enlightening the people, and achieving the ultimate good, as well as studying the material world, seeking truth, being sincere, correcting the mind, cultivating oneself, governing the family, governing the state, and pacifying the world" throughout his life. "Establishing virtues, achievements, and words" were the "three imperishable" goals he pursued throughout his life, and his morality, literary works, political governance, and military achievements were all noteworthy.

27. 倚天照海花无数,高山流水心自知。——曾国藩

27. Countless flowers reflect the sea, and high mountains and flowing water reveal my heart. - Zeng Guofan

28. 天下古今之庸人,皆以一惰字致败; 天下古今之人才,皆以一傲字致败。——曾国藩

28. The common people throughout history have all failed because of laziness; the talented people throughout history have all failed because of arrogance. — Zeng Guofan

29. 7闻人之善而疑,闻人之恶而信,其人生平必有恶而无善。故不知世间复有作善之人也,若夫造作全傅会以诬善良,鬼神必殛之。

29.7 When one hears about someone's good deeds and doubts them, and when one hears about someone's evil deeds and believes them, it is certain that that person's life must be filled with evil and devoid of good. Therefore, one does not know that there are still people who do good in the world. As for those who fabricate false stories to defame the virtuous, the gods and spirits will surely punish them.

30. 世间极占地位的,是读书一著。然读书占地位,在人品上,不在势位上。

30. The most esteemed in the world is the act of reading. However, reading holds its position not in terms of status or rank, but in terms of character.

31. 君子之立志也,有民胞物与之量,有内圣外王之业,而后不忝于父母之所生,不愧为天地之完人。——《曾国藩家书》

31. A gentleman in setting his aspirations, possesses the breadth of heart to care for the people as his brothers and for all things as his companions, engages in the pursuits of inner sagehood and outer kingship, and then he will not be ashamed of being born by his parents, and he will not feel guilty for not being a perfect person of the heavens and the earth. — "Zeng Guofan's Family Letters"

32. 三薄:幸灾乐祸,一薄德也;逆命亿数,二薄德也;臆断皂白,三薄德也。

32. Three types of薄 (pettiness): Taking joy in others' misfortunes is one form of薄德 (pettiness); defying the will of the heavens and counting billions of rebellious thoughts is another form of薄德; making arbitrary judgments and not distinguishing right from wrong is the third form of薄德.

33. 太柔则靡,太刚则折;刚自柔出,柔能克刚。——曾国藩

33. Too soft and it will collapse; too rigid and it will break; rigidity comes from softness, and softness can overcome rigidity. — Zeng Guofan

34. 10向人说贫,人必不信,徒增嗤笑耳。且人即我信,何救于贫,哓哓者可厌也。

34. If one tells others of their poverty, people will not believe it and it will only add to their derision. Moreover, even if people believe me, what help is it to my poverty? The nagging is quite annoying.

35. 社会大乱之前,必有三前兆1无论何事,均黑白不分。2善良的人越来越谦虚客气;无用之人越来越猖狂胡为。3问题到了严重程度之后,凡事皆被合理化,一切均被默认,不痛不痒,莫名其妙地虚应一番。——《崩溃之兆》

35. Before a great social chaos, there are three signs: 1. In everything, black and white are not distinguished. 2. Good people become more humble and polite; useless people become more audacious and rebellious. 3. After the problem has reached a severe degree, everything is rationalized, everything is taken for granted, and it is all superficial, painless, and mysterious. — "Signs of Collapse"

36. 少年经不得顺境,中年经不得闲境,晚年经不得逆境。曾国藩人生三境说。——曾国藩

36. A youth cannot endure prosperity, a middle-aged person cannot endure leisure, and an elderly person cannot endure adversity. This is Zeng Guofan's theory of the three stages of life. ——Zeng Guofan

37. 慎独则心安,主敬则身强,求仁则人悦,习劳则神钦。——《诫子书》

37. To be cautious in solitude brings peace of mind, to be reverent strengthens the body, to seek benevolence brings joy to others, and to practice diligence earns respect from the gods. — From "Exhortation to My Son"

38. 知足天地宽,贪得宇宙隘。

38. Contentment expands the vastness of the universe, while greed confines the cosmos.

39. 故吾人用功,力除傲气,力戒自满,毋为人所笑,乃有进步也。

39. Therefore, we should exert ourselves in eliminating arrogance, strictly guard against complacency, and not be laughed at by others, which will lead to progress.

40. 坚其志,苦其心,劳其力,事无大小,必有所成。一个喜欢读书的人,品格不会坏到哪去;一个品格好的人,一生的运气不会差到哪去。——曾国藩

40. Firm in his resolve, endure hardship in his heart, exert his strength, and in all matters, great or small, he will achieve success. A person who loves to read will not have a character that is too bad; and a person with a good character will not have a bad luck in life throughout his life. ——Zeng Guofan

41. 学问之道无穷,而总以有恒为主.不以昨日耽搁而今日补做,不以明日有事而今日预做。

41. The path of knowledge is endless, and constancy is the key. Do not make up for yesterday's delay by doing today's work, nor do today's work in anticipation of tomorrow's obligations.

42. 无论治世乱世,凡一家之中,能勤能敬,未有不兴者,不勤不敬,未有不败者。

42. Whether in peaceful or turbulent times, in any family where there is diligence and respect, there is none that has not thrived; conversely, in families lacking diligence and respect, there is none that has not failed.

43. 盛世创业之英雄,以襟怀豁达为第一义清高太过则伤仁,和顺太过则伤义,是以贵中道也。

43. The heroes of prosperous entrepreneurial times hold magnanimity as the first principle. Being overly noble can harm benevolence, and being overly compliant can harm righteousness. Therefore, it is important to adhere to the middle path.

44. 士人读书,第一要有志,第二要有识,第三要有恒。有志,则断不甘为下流。有识,则知学问无尽,不敢以一得自足;如河伯之观海,如井蛙之窥天,皆无见识也。有恒,则断无不成之事。此三者缺一不可。——曾国藩《曾国藩家书》

44. A scholar must first have ambition, secondly knowledge, and thirdly perseverance. With ambition, one would never be content to be lowly. With knowledge, one realizes that there is no end to learning and dare not be satisfied with just a little achievement; like the river god looking at the sea, or like a frog looking at the sky, both lack insight. With perseverance, there is nothing that cannot be accomplished. These three are indispensable. — Zeng Guofan, "Zeng Guofan's Family Letters"

45. 省事是清心之法,读书是省事之法。

45. Convenience is the way to a tranquil mind, and reading is a method of convenience.

46. 以上是我为大家整理的曾国藩励志名言,希望大家喜欢。

46. This is the collection of motivational quotes by Zeng Guofan that I have compiled for you all, I hope you like them.

47. 慎独则心安。自修之道,莫难于养心;养心之难,又在慎独。能慎独,则内省不疚,可以对天地质鬼神。人无一内愧之事,则天君泰然

47. When one is cautious in solitude, the mind is at peace. The path of self-cultivation is most difficult in nurturing the mind; the difficulty in nurturing the mind lies in being cautious in solitude. Those who can be cautious in solitude will not feel guilty when introspecting, and they can confront heaven, the earth, and the gods. If a person has no feelings of guilt within, the ruler of the mind will be at ease.

48. 慎独则心安,主敬则身强,求仁则人悦,习劳则神钦。

48. To be cautious in solitude brings peace of mind, to show respect strengthens the body, to pursue benevolence pleases others, and to practice diligence inspires awe.