1. 射不主皮，为力不同科，古之道也。

1. It is not the target that matters in archery, but the power and skill of the archer, which is a principle of ancient times.

2. 以能问于不能，以多问于寡；有若无，实若虚，犯而不校。

2. Ask the incapable, inquire the few about the many; appear to have nothing while possessing everything, seem empty while being full, and when wronged, do not retaliate.

3. 君子忧道不忧贫。

3. A gentleman worries about the way but not about poverty.

4. 子为政焉用杀？子欲善而民善矣。

4. What is the need for punishment when you govern? If you desire to be good, the people will be good as well.

5. 其为人也孝悌而好犯上者，鲜矣。不好犯上而好作乱者，未之有也。君子务本，本立而道生。孝悌也者，其为仁之本与？

5. It is rare for a person to be filial and respectful to their parents and elder siblings while also fond of rebelling against superiors. It is unheard of for someone who does not like to rebel against superiors to also be fond of causing chaos. A gentleman focuses on the essentials, and when the essentials are established, the way of virtue is born. Filial piety and respect for elder siblings—aren't these the essence of benevolence?

6. 知我罪我，唯其春秋。

6. It is because of my history that I am praised or blamed.

7. 人无远虑，必有近忧。

7. If a person does not plan for the distant future, they will surely have troubles in the near future.

8. 鸟之将死，其鸣也哀;人之将死，其言也善。——释义：鸟快要死的时候，鸣叫的声音是悲哀的;人快要死的时候，说出来的话也是善良的。

8. When a bird is about to die, its cry is mournful; when a person is about to die, their words are kind. — Explanation: When a bird is nearing its death, the sound of its call is sad; when a person is on the brink of death, the words they speak are also benevolent.

9. 苦求不得，从吾所好。

9. Seeking in vain, I follow my own inclinations.

10. 圣人，吾不得而见之矣，得见君子者斯可矣。

10. The sage, I shall not be able to see him; but it is enough for me to see a gentleman.

11. 人而无信，不知其可也。大车无輗，小车无軏，其何以行之哉——摘孔子《论语》——释义：一个人如果不讲信用，不知道他怎么能立身处世就象牛车没有了輗，马车上没有了軏，还靠什么行走呢

11. If a person lacks trustworthiness, how can he stand in the world? Just as a large cart without yokes cannot move, and a small cart without axles cannot proceed, what can it rely on to move forward? —Excerpt from Confucius' "Analects" —Interpretation: If a person does not uphold his word, it is hard to tell how he can live and conduct himself in society, just as a cart without yokes cannot move, and a carriage without axles cannot proceed; what then can it rely on to move forward?

12. 孔子在路上听到有人哭，上前打探，那人说：“我叫丘吾子，我有三个过失，晚年而自觉，追悔莫及：我少时好学，周遍天下，回到家里，父母都去世了，是一失也;长事齐君，君骄奢而失去人心，是二失也;吾平生厚交，而今皆离绝，是三失也。树欲静而风不止，子欲养而亲不待，往而不来者，年也;不可再见者，亲也。”遂投水而死。孔子感慨地对弟子们说：“你们应引以为戒啊!”听了孔夫子的教导，学生们告辞孔子而回家奉养父母的有十三个之多。《论语》有云：父母之年，不可不知也;一则以喜，一则以惧。丘吾子的遗憾警示我们：行孝不能等!

12. Confucius heard someone crying on the road and went to inquire. The person said, "My name is Qiu Wuzi. I have three mistakes, and I regretted them deeply in my old age: When I was young, I loved learning and traveled all over the world. When I came back home, both my parents had passed away, which was my first mistake; I served the Duke of Qi for a long time, but the Duke was proud and extravagant, and lost the people's hearts, which was my second mistake; I had many close friends throughout my life, but now they have all abandoned me, which was my third mistake. The tree wants to be still, but the wind does not stop; the son wants to raise his parents, but they are no longer there. Those who go but never return are the years; those who can never see again are our parents." He then drowned himself. Confucius sighed to his disciples, "You should take this as a warning!" After listening to Confucius' teaching, many students, totaling thirteen, bid farewell to Confucius and went home to take care of their parents. As it is said in the Analects: One should not neglect their parents' age; one should be happy because they are still alive, and one should be afraid because they might not be around for much longer. Qiu Wuzi's regret reminds us: Do not delay in showing filial piety!

13. 君子求诸已，小人求诸人。——摘孔子《论语》——释义：君子一切靠自己，小人处处要求别人。

13. A gentleman seeks self-improvement, while a small man seeks others to satisfy his needs. — Excerpted from Confucius' "The Analects" — Interpretation: A gentleman relies on himself for everything, while a small man constantly requires others to meet his demands.

14. 志于道，据于德，依于仁，游于艺。

14. Dedicate oneself to the Way, rely on virtue, depend on benevolence, and indulge in the arts.

15. 子贡去见孔子。孔子说：“我们的学说难道有错误的地方吗为什么我们沦落到今天这个地步”子贡说：“夫子之道至大也，所以天下莫能容夫子。夫子是否可以降低一点标准呢”孔子说：“优秀的农夫耕耘却不能保证获得好的收成，优良的工匠擅长技艺却不能满足所有人的要求。君子能够修明道业，用法度来规范，用道统来治理，但不能保证你的学说会被世道所容……”人当尽人事而听天命，居一求缺，当下不就是自得其乐吗今人普遍求全、求满，古人却懂得求残、求缺，天地尚不能久，何况人乎

15. Zi Gong visited Confucius. Confucius said, "Is there anything wrong with our teachings that we have come to this state?" Zi Gong replied, "Master, your teachings are profound and vast, which is why no one in the world can accommodate you. Can you lower your standards a bit?" Confucius said, "A skilled farmer may cultivate the land but cannot guarantee a good harvest, and a talented craftsman may excel in his craft but cannot satisfy everyone's demands. A gentleman can cultivate and refine his moral and intellectual virtues, regulate with laws, and govern with principles, but he cannot guarantee that his teachings will be accepted by the world..." People should do their best and leave the rest to fate. To be content with what one has is to find joy in the present. Today's people strive for perfection and fullness, but ancient people knew how to seek incompleteness and lack. If even the heavens and earth cannot last forever, how much more so for humans?

16. 三军可夺帅也，匹夫不可夺志也。

16. The leader of the three armies may be taken away, but the will of an ordinary person cannot be taken away.

17. 有君子之道四焉。其行己也恭，其事上也敬，其养民也惠，其使民也义。

17. There are four virtues of a gentleman. He conducts himself with respect, he serves his superiors with reverence, he benefits the people with kindness, and he governs the people with righteousness.

18. 古者言之不出，耻恭之不逮也。

18. In ancient times, not speaking out was a sign of shame for not living up to modesty.

19. 人莫知其子之恶，莫知其苗之硕。——摘孔子《大学》——释义：没有人知道自己孩子的坏处，没有人知道自己禾苗的茂盛。

19. No one knows the faults of their own child, no one knows the lushness of their own seedlings. - Excerpt from Confucius' "The Great Learning" - Interpretation: No one is aware of the shortcomings of their own child, nor of the robust growth of their own seedlings.

20. 老者安之，朋友信之，少者怀之。——释义：我愿老年人得到安逸，朋友们相互信任，少年人得到关怀。

20. The aged are at ease, friends trust each other, and the young are cherished. — Interpretation: I wish for the elderly to find comfort, for friends to have trust in one another, and for the young to receive care.

21. 发愤忘食，乐以忘忧，不知老之将至。

21. He is so determined that he forgets to eat, so joyful that he forgets his worries, and is unaware of the approaching old age.

22. 夫子时然后言，人不厌其言；乐然后笑，人不厌其笑；义然后取，人不厌其其取。

22. A master speaks only when it is the right time, and people are not tired of his words; he laughs only when he is truly joyful, and people are not tired of his laughter; he takes only what is right, and people are not tired of his taking.

23. 鸟之将死，其鸣也哀;人之将死，其言也善。——摘孔子《论语》——释义：鸟快要死的时候，叫声是悲切的，人快要死的时候，说话是善良的。

23. When a bird is about to die, its cry is pitiful; when a person is about to die, his words are kind. — Extracted from Confucius' Analects — Interpretation: When a bird is about to die, its sound is mournful; when a person is about to die, his words are benevolent.

24. 默而识之，学而不厌，诲人不倦，何有于我哉！

24. To learn while keeping silent, to study without being weary, to teach without being tired, what more could I ask for myself!

25. 往昔不可谏，来者犹可追。——摘孔子《论语》——释义：过去了的再也不能挽救，未来的还是可能补回。

25. The past cannot be remedied, but the future can still be pursued. - Extracted from Confucius' "The Analects" - Interpretation: What has passed cannot be saved, but what is to come can still be made up for.

26. 颜渊做人，大智若愚。孔子说：“我跟颜渊说一天的话，他也没有问难的话，好象很傻的样子。等我回头暗暗观察他的行为举止，发现他足以发挥我所教诲的道理，这才发现他一点儿也不傻。”人往往被小聪明限制住了视野，一个有远大理想的人总将目光投向他的事业，沉默着奋斗，而不在乎身边的一些小争执。

26. Yan Yuan was a person of great wisdom but appeared foolish. Confucius said, "When I talked with Yan Yuan for a day, he didn't ask any difficult questions, and he seemed rather dumb. But when I looked back and observed his behavior and actions secretly, I found that he was capable of applying the teachings I imparted. It was then that I realized he was not at all dumb." People are often limited by their small cleverness, and a person with grand ideals always focuses on their career, silently struggling, and does not care about some trivial disputes around them.

27. 名不正，则言不顺;言不顺，则事不成;……故君子名之必可言也，言之必可行也。——摘孔子《论语》——释义：如果名分不正理论上便讲不通，理论上讲不通，事情便办不成;……因此，君子给某种事物起名字时，就一定要在理论上讲得通，在实践上就一定能行得通。

27. If a name is not properly established, then the words spoken will not be in harmony; if the words spoken are not in harmony, then things will not be accomplished; ... Therefore, a gentleman must ensure that the name he gives to something can be logically justified, and that the words can be practically realized. — Extracted from Confucius' "The Analects" — Interpretation: If the status of a name is not properly justified, it will not make sense theoretically, and if it does not make sense theoretically, things will not be able to be accomplished; ... Therefore, when a gentleman gives a name to something, it must be logically justified, and it must be practical in implementation.

28. 身而常逸者，则志不广。

28. If one is often at ease, then one's ambitions will not be broad.

29. 毋意，毋必，毋固，毋我。——释义：孔子杜绝了四种弊病：没有主观猜疑，没有定要实现的期望，没有固执己见之举，没有自私之心。

29. Do not be suspicious, do not be stubborn, do not be inflexible, do not be self-centered. — Interpretation: Confucius eradicated four kinds of vices: no subjective suspicion, no fixed expectations that must be realized, no act of being inflexible, and no selfishness.

30. 学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。——摘孔子《论语》——释义：只知读书而不深入思考，就势必惘然而无所获，但只知思考而不肯读书，也是很危险的。

30. If one studies without thinking, one will be bewildered; if one thinks without studying, one will be in danger. —— Extracted from Confucius' "The Analects" — Interpretation: If one only reads books without delving into deep thought, one is bound to be confused and gain nothing. However, if one only thinks without being willing to read, it is also very dangerous.

31. 不患寡而患不均，不患贫而患不安。

31. Do not worry about being few but about not being equitable, do not worry about being poor but about not being at peace.

32. 法语之言，能无从乎改之为贵。提手与之言，能无说。——释义：正确的话，能不听从吗必须认真改正错误，才算可贵。恭顺的话，能不使人高兴吗

32. In French, it is said that it is precious to be able to change what is said. To engage in conversation with a handshake, can it not be said that it is pleasant? — Interpretation: Words that are right, can they not be heeded? It is necessary to seriously correct mistakes in order to be considered precious. Words that are respectful, can they not bring joy to others?

33. 敏而好学，不耻下问，是以谓之文也。

33. Being intelligent and fond of learning, and not ashamed to ask those who are lower in rank, this is why he is called 'Wen' (refined).

34. 有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎！

34. It is joyous indeed to have friends coming from afar!

35. 中人以上，可以语上也;中人以下，不可以语上也。——释义：孔子说：中等资质以上的人，可以告诉他深奥的道理;中等资质以下的人就很难让他了解深奥的道理了。

35. Above the average person, one can speak of profound truths; below the average person, it is difficult to convey profound truths to them. - Interpretation: Confucius said, "For those with an above-average intellect, one can convey profound truths; for those with an average or below-average intellect, it is challenging to impart profound truths to them."

36. 己所不欲，勿施于人。

36. Do not do to others what you would not have them do to you.

37. 君子坦荡荡，小人长戚戚。——摘孔子《论语》——释义：君子的心胸坦荡开朗，小人的心胸则狭隘忧愁。

37. A gentleman is open and magnanimous, while a small-minded person is often worried and troubled. — Extracted from Confucius' "The Analects" — Interpretation: A gentleman has an open and broad-minded heart, whereas a small-minded person has a narrow and worried heart.

38. 士志于道，而耻恶衣恶食者，未足与议也。——释义：读书人立志于追求真理，以穿得不好吃得不好为耻辱的人，那就值不得和他谈论什么了。

38. A scholar who is committed to the pursuit of truth and is ashamed of wearing poor clothes and eating poorly is not worthy of discussion. — Explanation: A man of letters who sets his heart on seeking truth and considers it a shame to dress or eat poorly is not someone worth engaging in conversation with.

39. 君子疾没世而名不称焉。

39. A gentleman hastens to achieve fame before his death.

40. 弟子入则孝，出则悌，谨而信，泛爱众而亲仁，行有余力，则以学文。

40. A disciple should be filial at home, respectful to his elders outside, cautious and trustworthy, love all people, and be close to the virtuous. If there is any remaining energy, then he should engage in scholarly studies.

41. 不愤不启，不悱不发，举一隅，不以三隅反，则不复也。

41. If one is not angry and does not wish to be awakened, or if one is not moved and does not wish to express, if one is shown only one corner and does not attempt to understand the other three corners, then one will not be reproached.

42. 朽木，不可雕也，粪土之墙，不可圬也。于予与何诛？

42. Decayed wood cannot be carved, and dung walls cannot be whitewashed. What punishment should be imposed on me?

43. 中人以上，可以语上也;中人以下，不可以语上也。——摘孔子《论语》——释义：对天资在中等程度以上的人，可以和他谈论高深的学问;而对于中等以下天资的人，则不可以和他谈论高深的学问。

43. Those who are above the average in intelligence can be spoken to about profound knowledge; those who are below the average cannot be spoken to about profound knowledge. ——Excerpt from Confucius' "The Analects"——Interpretation: For those with an intelligence above average, it is appropriate to discuss profound knowledge with them; however, for those with an intelligence below average, it is not appropriate to discuss profound knowledge with them.

44. 多闻，择其善者而从之；多见而识之。

44. Listen widely, follow the good things you hear; see much and remember it.

45. 德薄而位尊，智小而谋大，力小而任重，鲜不及矣。

45. One with weak virtue but high position, limited wisdom but ambitious plans, and small strength but heavy responsibilities, rarely fails.

46. 不在其位，不谋其政。

46. If one is not in the right position, one should not seek to govern.

47. 君子易事而难说也。说之不以道，不说也;及其使人也，器之。小人难事而易说也。说之虽不能道，说也;及其使人也，求备焉。——摘孔子《论语》——释义：君子容易事奉，但要想讨得他的喜欢则很难。以不正当的方式讨他喜欢，他是不会喜欢的;但他在用人上，却能做到量才使用。小人难以事奉，但要想博得他的欢心则很容易。如果以不正当的手段讨他喜欢，他是会喜欢的;但当他用人时，则会求全责备。

47. A gentleman is easy to serve but hard to please. If one tries to please him through improper means, he will not be pleased; but when it comes to employing people, he assesses them based on their abilities. A small man is hard to serve but easy to please. Even if one cannot please him through proper means, he will be pleased; but when he employs people, he seeks perfection from them. —— Extracted from Confucius' "Analects" — Interpretation: A gentleman is easy to serve but difficult to win over. He will not be pleased if one tries to win him over in an improper manner; however, when it comes to employing people, he can be quite discerning in using them based on their talents. A small man is difficult to serve but easy to please. He may be pleased even if one tries to win him over through improper means; but when he employs people, he seeks to find faults and expect perfection from them.

48. 毋意，毋必，毋固，毋我。——摘孔子《论语》——释义：孔子没有如下四种毛病：主观臆断，绝对肯定，固执已见，自以为是。

48. Do not assume, do not insist, do not be stubborn, do not be self-righteous. — From the Analects of Confucius — Interpretation: Confucius does not have the following four flaws: subjective assumption, absolute certainty, stubbornness, and self-righteousness.

49. 益者三友：友直友谅友多闻。

49. Three types of friends bring benefit: friends who are straightforward, friends who are forgiving, and friends who are well-informed.

50. 君子之道，暗然而日章;小人之道，的然而日亡。君子之道，淡而不厌，简而文，温而理，知远之近，知风之自，知微之显，可与入德矣。——摘孔子《中庸》——释义：君子的为人之道是：外表暗淡无色而美德日见彰显。小人的为人之道是：外表色彩鲜明，但渐渐地消失了。君子的为人之道还在于：外表素淡而不使人厌恶，简朴而有文彩，温和而又有条理，知道远是从近开始的，知道教化别人从自己做起，知道隐微的东西会逐渐显露，这样就进入圣人的美德中了。

50. The way of the gentleman is obscure yet daily becomes manifest; the way of the small man is bright yet daily fades away. The way of the gentleman is moderate and not tiresome, simple yet elegant, gentle yet orderly, aware of the nearness of the distant, the origin of the wind, and the emergence of the subtle, and thus can enter into virtue. ——Excerpted from Confucius' "The Mean" — Interpretation: The way of the gentleman in terms of character is: externally unassuming yet the virtues are increasingly evident. The way of the small man in terms of character is: externally colorful yet gradually fades away. The gentleman's way also lies in: externally plain yet not distasteful, simple yet with elegance, gentle yet orderly, knowing that the distant originates from the near, that moral instruction begins with oneself, that the subtle will gradually become apparent, and thus entering into the virtue of the sage.

51. 为政以德，譬如北辰，居其所，而众星共之。

51. Governing with virtue is like the North Star, staying in its place, while all the other stars revolve around it.

52. 足食，足兵，民信之矣。

52. With sufficient food, sufficient troops, and the people's trust, everything is settled.

53. 虽小道，必有可观者焉;致远恐泥，是以君子不为也。——摘孔子《论语》——释义：即使是小小的技艺，也一定有值得一看的地方。但对于远大的事业恐怕有所阻碍，所以君子不去干这些。

53. Even the narrowest path must have something worth seeing; it is feared that pursuing distant goals might lead to mud, hence the gentleman does not engage in such matters. — Excerpt from Confucius' "The Analects" — Interpretation: Even a minor skill must have something worth observing. However, for grand endeavors, it may pose obstacles, so the gentleman does not undertake such activities.

54. 小不忍，则乱大谋。

54. If one cannot endure a small provocation, it will disrupt the grand plan.

55. 夫仁者，已欲立而立人，已欲达而达人。

55. A benevolent person seeks to establish themselves and help others to be established; to achieve their own success and help others to achieve theirs.

56. 见利思义，见危授命，久要不忘平生之言，亦可以为成人矣。——摘孔子《论语》——释义：在私利面前能够想到道义，遇到危难能够挺身而出，虽然长期生活在贫困之中，也没有忘记平生的诺言，这样就可以说是一个十全十美的人了。

56. When seeing benefits, think of righteousness; when facing danger, be ready to sacrifice one's life; when enduring long-term hardship, never forget the promises made in one's life, and one can be considered a perfect adult. ——Excerpted from Confucius' "Analects" ——Interpretation: One who can think of righteousness when facing personal benefits, stand up to face danger, and never forget the promises made throughout their life, even though living in poverty for a long time, can be said to be a perfectly virtuous person.

57. 发愤忘食，乐以忘忧，不知老之将至云尔。——摘孔子《论语》——释义：发愤研究学问，常常忘记吃饭，一旦有所收获便又高兴地忘记了忧愁，连自己的渐趋衰老也没有感觉到。

57. To be so absorbed in one's studies that one forgets to eat, to be so delighted that one forgets one's worries, and not to be aware of the approach of old age, such is the case. —Excerpt from the Analects of Confucius—Interpretation: To be so dedicated to studying and researching knowledge that one often forgets to eat, and once one achieves something, one is so happy that one forgets one's worries. Even the gradual approach of one's own aging goes unnoticed.