1. 此花此叶常相映，翠减红衰愁杀人。李商隐《赠荷花》

1. This flower and leaf often reflect each other, as the green fades and the red withers, it kills one with sorrow. — From "Presenting the lotus" by Li Shangyin.

2. 须臾客去，予亦就睡。梦一道士，羽衣蹁跹，过临皋之下，揖予而言曰：“赤壁之游乐乎？”问其姓名， 俯而不答。“呜呼噫嘻！我知之矣。畴昔之夜，飞鸣而过我者，非子也耶？”道士顾笑，予亦惊寤。开户视之，不见其处。

2. The guest left in a moment, and I also went to sleep. In my dream, I saw an immortal in a feathered robe, dancing gracefully under Lin Gao. He bowed to me and said, "Enjoying the pleasure of the Red Cliffs?" When I asked for his name, he looked down and did not reply. "Ah, my heavens! I know who you are. Wasn't it you who flew and sang over me last night?" The immortal turned and smiled, and I was also startled awake. When I opened the door to look outside, I could not see where he had gone.

3. 梅须逊雪三分白，雪却输梅一段香。卢梅坡《雪梅·其一》

3. The plum blossom is three shades paler than the snow, yet the snow lacks the plum blossom's fragrance. -- Lu Meipo, "Snow and Plum Blossoms: The First Poem"

4. 青松 陈毅

4. Qing Song, Chen Yi

5. 浮云柳絮无根蒂，天地阔远随飞扬。韩愈《听颖师弹琴》

5. The floating clouds and willow catkins have no roots or stems, soaring through the vastness of the heavens and earth. From Han Yu's "Listening to Ying Shi Play the Zither."

6. 酒酣胸胆尚开张，鬓微霜，又何妨！持节云中，何日遣冯唐？会挽雕弓如满月，西北望，射天狼。

6. Drunk with wine, my chest and courage still expand wide, with a little frost on my temples, what harm is there? Holding the jade seal in the clouds, when will I send Feng Tang? I will draw the bow like a full moon, looking towards the northwest, aiming at the celestial wolf.

7. 忆梅 李商隐 定定住天涯， 依依向物华。 寒梅最堪恨， 常作去年花。

7. Recollections of the plum blossom by Li Shangyin Fixed at the edge of the world, I long for the beauty of nature. The cold plum blossoms are most to be disliked, Often appearing as last year's flowers.

8. （李白：《望天门山》） 诗中月 1床前明月光，疑是地上霜。 举头望明月，低头思故乡。

8. (Li Bai: "Looking at Tianmen Mountain") In the poem, the moonlight: A bright moon shines before my bed, I suspect it's frost on the ground. I raise my head to gaze at the bright moon, and bow my head to think of my hometown.

9. 这是咏物诗，也可作为寓言诗看。有人认为是讥刺小人的。从全诗看，原上草虽有所指，但喻意并无确定。“野火烧不尽，春风吹又生，”却作为一种“韧劲”而有口皆碑，成为传之千古的绝唱。

9. This is a nature poem that can also be regarded as an allegorical poem. Some people believe it is a satire on the mean-spirited. From the perspective of the entire poem, although the grass on the plain refers to something specific, the allegorical meaning is not definite. "The wild fire cannot burn it out, and the spring breeze blows it back to life" has become a famous saying that embodies the spirit of tenacity, and has become an eternal masterpiece passed down through the ages.

10. 春风岂是多情思，相伴花前去又来。 次韵中玉早梅 黄庭坚 折得寒香不露机，小穸斜日两三枝。

10. The spring breeze is not merely sentiment, accompanying the flowers as it comes and goes. A response in rhyme to the Early Plum by Zhong Yu, Huang Tingjian Gathering the cold fragrance without revealing the mechanism, a few branches under the slanting sun in a small window.

11. 一千顷，都镜净，倒碧峰。忽然浪起，掀舞一叶白头翁。堪笑兰台公子，未解庄生天籁，刚道有雌雄。一点浩然气，千里快哉风。

11. One thousand acres, all mirrors, reflecting the emerald peaks. Suddenly, waves rise, dancing a leaf-shaped white-haired old man. It's laughable for the young master of Lantai, who doesn't understand Zhuangzi's celestial music, just saying there are yin and yang. A bit of the boundless spirit, a thousand miles of exhilarating wind.

12. 明·于谦《石灰吟》原文：千锤万凿出深山，烈火焚烧若等闲。

12. From the Song of Lime by Ming Yuqian: Through thousands of blows and chisels, it emerges from the deep mountains; it treats the fierce flames as a trivial matter.

13. 胭脂洗出秋阶影，冰雪招来露砌魂。曹雪芹《薛宝钗咏白海棠》

13. The blush of cheeks washes away the shadow on the autumn steps, while the ice and snow attract the soul of dew on the steps. From Cao Xueqin's "Poem on White Begonia by Xue Baoyu."

14. 鲜：少。 20同予者何人：像我一样的还有什么人呢？ 21宜乎：宜：应当，这里和“乎”连用，有“当然”的意思。

14. Fresh: little. 20 Who else is like me: Who else is there like me? 21 It is appropriate: Appropriate: should, here combined with "乎", it has the meaning of "of course".

15. （王维：《山居秋瞑》） 4月黑雁飞高，单于夜遁逃。（卢纶：《塞下曲》） 5举杯邀明月，对影成三人。

15. (Wang Wei: "Mountain Residence at Nightfall") In April, the black geese fly high, and the chieftain flees at night. (Lu Lun: "Saixia Qu") 5. Raise a cup to invite the bright moon, and the shadow forms three people.

16. 矣！注释 1爱莲说：选自《周元公集》、《周濂溪集》。

16. Alas! Annotation 1: "On the Lotus" is excerpted from "The Collection of Zhou Yuanong" and "The Collection of Zhou Lianxi."

17. 卢梅坡 梅雪争春未肯降，骚人搁笔费评章。

17. Lu Meipo, the plum and the snow vie for spring without yielding, the poet lays down his pen, puzzled over how to praise them.

18. （《汉乐府长歌行》） 5窗含西岭千秋雪，门泊东吴万里船。（杜甫：《绝句》） 6湖光秋月两相和，潭面无风镜未磨。

18. (From the "Long Song of Han's Music Collection") Five windows contain the eternal snows of the western mountains, the door moors ships from the distant lands of Dongwu. (Du Fu: "A Couplet") 6. The lake's light and autumn moon blend harmoniously, the surface of the pond, windless, reflects without the need of polishing.

19. （秦观：《三月晦日偶题》） 诗中秋 1秋风萧瑟，洪波涌起。（曹操：《观沧海》） 2解落三秋叶，能开二月花。

19. (Qin Guan: "An Accidental Poem on the Last Day of March") In the poem, autumn wind is cold and gusty, waves surge fiercely. (Cao Cao: "Observing the Sea") 2. It can cause the leaves to fall in the late autumn, and it can also bloom flowers in February.

20. （杜牧：《秋夕》） 9春花秋月何时了，往事知多少。（李煜：《虞美人》） 10欲说还休，却道天凉好个秋。

20. (Du Mu: "Autumn Evening") When will the spring flowers and autumn moon come to an end, how many past events are known. (Li Yu: "Yuming Beauty") 10. Want to speak but stop, saying that the autumn is cool and fine.

21. 梅定妒，菊应羞。画阑开处冠中秋。李清照《鹧鸪天·桂花》

21. Pear flowers feel jealous, chrysanthemums should feel ashamed. Where the painted railing opens, they are the crown of the Mid-Autumn Festival. — Li Qingzhao, "Zhe Gu Tian... Osmanthus"

22. （李白：《静夜思》） 2野旷天低树，江清月近人。（孟浩然：《宿建德江》） 3明月松间照，清泉石上流。

22. (Li Bai: "Quiet Thoughts at Night") 2 The fields are vast, the sky is low over the trees, the river is clear, and the moon is near to people. (Meng Haoran: "Accommodation on Jiangde River") 3 The bright moon shines among the pines, clear springs flow over the stones.

23. 竹外桃花三两枝，春江水暖鸭先知。苏轼《惠崇春江晚景/惠崇春江晓景》

23. A few branches of peach blossoms outside the bamboo, the spring river is warm and the ducks know it first. Su Shi's "The Evening Scene of the Spring River at Huizong / The Early Morning Scene of the Spring River at Huizong."

24. 此诗系张九龄遭谗贬谪后所作《感遇》十二首之冠首。诗借物起兴，自比兰桂，抒发诗人孤芳自赏，气节清高，不求引用之情感。全诗一面表达了恬淡从容超脱的襟怀，另一面忧谗惧祸的心情也隐然可见。诗以草木照应，旨诣深刻，于咏物背后，寄寓着生活哲理。

24. This poem is the first of the twelve poems titled "Impressions" written by Zhang Jiuling after he was slandered and demoted. The poem uses objects to inspire imagery, comparing itself to orchids and osmanthus, expressing the poet's self-admiration for his unique charm, his noble character, and his reluctance to seek favors. The entire poem on one hand conveys a serene and composed spirit of transcendence, and on the other hand, it subtly reveals the poet's concerns about slander and the fear of misfortune. The poem, with its correspondences between plants, has a profound meaning, and behind its depiction of objects, it embodies life philosophies.

25. 不知春色早，疑是弄珠人。 探梅 杨万里 山间幽步不胜奇，正是深夜浅暮时。

25. Unaware of the early spring's hues, I suspect a pearl diver's play. Exploring the plum blossoms, Yang Wanli, in the depths of the mountains, the path is filled with wonders, it is the hour of dusk just after midnight.

26. 以上每句诗中都有句千古名句，为小学生启蒙诗，必背。

26. Each line of the above poem contains a famous sentence that has been passed down through the ages. It is an initiation poem for primary school students and must be memorized.

27. 莲之爱，同予者何人？ 对于莲花的喜爱，像我一样的还有什么人呢？ 牡丹之爱，宜乎众矣！ 对于牡丹的喜爱，人当然是很多了。本文托物言志，表达了作者不慕名利，洁身自好的生活态度，同时也表达了作者对追名逐利，趋炎附势的鄙弃。

27. Who loves the lotus as I do? How many people are there who have the same fondness for the lotus as me? The love for peonies, naturally, should be widespread! The love for peonies is certainly abundant among people. This article uses things to convey meaning, expressing the author's aversion to fame and wealth, and their preference for a virtuous and self-improving lifestyle. It also conveys the author's disdain for those who pursue fame and wealth, and who flatter the powerful.

28. 6染：沾染（污秽）。 7濯（zhuó）清涟而不妖：在清水里洗涤过，而不显得妖媚。

28. 6 Contaminated: To be stained or defiled. 7 Washing clean without being seductive: Having been washed in clear water but not appearing to be seductive.

29. 濯：洗涤。清涟：水清而有微波，这里指清水。

29. Zhuó: to wash. Qinglian: water that is clear with slight ripples, here referring to clean water.

30. 晋朝的陶渊明唯独喜爱菊花；从唐朝以来，世人很喜爱牡丹；我唯独喜爱莲花从淤泥里长出来却不受污染，在清水里洗涤过却不显得妖媚，它的茎内空外直，不牵牵连连，不枝枝节节， 香气远播，更显得清香，洁净地挺立在那里，可以在远处观赏，却不能贴近去玩弄呢。 我认为菊是花中的隐士；牡丹，是花中的富贵者；莲花，是花中的君子。

30. Tao Yuanming of the Jin Dynasty particularly favored chrysanthemums; since the Tang Dynasty, people have greatly loved peonies; but I alone cherish lotus flowers for their ability to grow out of mud without being stained, to be cleansed in clear water yet not appearing seductive. Their stems are hollow inside and straight outside, not entangled or knotted, their fragrance spreading far and manifesting a pure scent, standing cleanly in place, observable from afar but not to be played with closely. I believe that chrysanthemums are recluses among flowers; peonies are the prosperous ones; and lotus flowers are the gentlemen among flowers.

31. 满园花菊郁金黄，中有孤丛色似霜。白居易《重阳席上赋白菊》

31. The garden is full of chrysanthemums, golden and dense, among which there is a solitary cluster of color resembling frost. A poem by Bai Juyi titled "Written on the Double Ninth Festival Banquet on White Chrysanthemums."

32. 十年生死两茫茫。不思量，自难忘。千里孤坟，无处话凄凉。纵使相逢应不识，尘满面，鬓如霜。

32. Ten years of life and death are both vast and distant. Not to think of it, yet it cannot be forgotten. A solitary tomb a thousand miles away, where can one speak of desolation? Even if we should meet, you might not recognize me; dust covers my face, and my hair is like frost.

33. 定定住天涯， 依依向物华。

33. Fixed at the edge of the world, tenderly toward the splendor of nature.

34. （陆游：《秋日郊居》） 9邯郸驿里逢冬至，抱膝灯前影伴身。（白居易：《冬至夜思家》） 10天时人事日相催，冬至阳生春又来。

34. (Lu You: "Residing in the Suburbs in Autumn") 9 On the Winter Solstice, I encountered it at Handan Post Station, sitting with my knees drawn up, my shadow accompanying me by the lamp. (Bai Juyi: "Reflecting on My Family on the Night of the Winter Solstice") 10 The passage of time and human events hasten day by day, as the Winter Solstice brings the rise of yang and spring is on the way again.

35. 萋萋芳草忆王孙。柳外楼高空断魂。李重元《忆王孙·春词》

35. The lush grass brings back memories of the prince. The high building outside the willow tree is filled with longing. Li Chongyuan's "Remembering the Prince · Spring Poem".

36. 榆柳荫后檐，桃李罗堂前。陶渊明《归园田居·其一》

36. Elm and willow trees cast shadows over the back eaves, peach and plum blossoms adorn the hall in front. From Tao Yuanming's "Returning to the Country and Returning to the Fields · The First."